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processor in the loop implementation of artificial neural network controller for BLDC motor speed control

RESULTS IN ENGINEERING 2024年 23卷

作者： Megrini, Meriem Gaga, Ahmed Mehdaoui, Youness Sultan Moulay Slimane Univ USMS Polydisciplinary Fac FPBM Res Lab Phys & Engineers Sci LRPSI Res Team Embedded Syst Engn Automat Signal Telecom Beni Mellal Morocco

This paper's goal is to use a proportional integral derivative controller and an artificial neural network controller (ANNC) to control the speed of a BLDC motor. The outcomes of the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation are used as the basis for comparing the two controllers. On the other hand, the ANNC makes the BLDC motor's reaction more consistent and dependable. In other words, it reduces peak time, overshoot, and settle time while speeding up system responses. ANNC is implemented in processor in the loop (PIL) experimenting with Arduino Mega. It is based on the generated C -code and executed it in the embedded card. The experiment's outcomes match those of the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation.

关键词： Brushless direct current Artificial neural network controller Proportional integral derivative controller processor in the loop

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A processor in the loop implementation for a grid connected photovoltaic system considering power quality issues

A processor in the loop implementation for a grid connected ...

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International Conference on Applied Smart Systems (ICASS)

作者： Youcefa, Brahim Elkhalil Massoum, Ahmed Barkat, Said Bella, Saad Wira, Patrice Univ Djillali Liabes Sidi Bel Abbes Lab ICEPS Dept Electrotech Sidi Bel Abbes 22000 Algeria Univ Msila Lab Genie Elect Msila 28000 Algeria Univ Haute Alsace Lab IRIMAS F-68093 Mulhouse France

ISBN: (纸本)9781538668665

processor in the loop (PIL) is a technique for the validation and verification of control algorithms on a real DSP board. This paper presents a PIL control implementation of a fully grid connected photovoltaic system for power quality improvement under nonlinear load variations. Moreover, the proposed control technique is based on predictive direct power control (PDPC) method. It reduces harmonics and provides reactive power compensation due to loads non-linearity and sudden variations. The source currents therefore recover a sinusoidal waveform with a unity power factor. Furthermore, the power transferred from the PV system into the utility grid is also increased. PIL co-simulation results prove the efficiency of the proposed implementation of the control algorithm.

关键词： processor in the loop DSP board Predictive direct power control (PDPC) Grid connected PV system

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Adaptive Control Strategy for Automotive Magnetorheological Dampers Based on Artificial Neural Networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2025年 13卷 60455-60469页

作者： Diaz-Choque, C. Steven Felix-Herran, Luis C. Galluzzi, Renato Cespi, Riccardo Lozoya-Santos, Jorge de J. Ramirez-Mendoza, Ricardo A. Tecnol Monterrey Sch Engn & Sci Monterrey 64700 Mexico Tecnol Monterrey Sch Engn & Sci Hermosillo 83000 Mexico Tecnol Monterrey Sch Engn & Sci Mexico City 01389 Mexico ESPOL Polytech Univ Sch Engn Campus Gustavo Galindo Guayaquil 77528 Ecuador Univ Caribe UNICARIBE Sch Technol Santo Domingo 11105 Dominican Rep

In vehicle systems, the suspension is fundamental in achieving acceptable levels of ride comfort, while ensuring ride safety. Semi-active suspensions allow changing the suspension damping to prioritize different performance metrics. Multiple control techniques have been developed to find a suitable trade-off between comfort and road holding. This manuscript proposes the use of standard (proportional-integral-derivative) controllers tuned in real time by an artificial neural network. The formulation of the controller considers a magnetorheological damper represented through the Bouc-Wen model. A stochastic gradient descent algorithm with backward propagation is used to train the artificial neural network that then selects the controller gains in real time. This technique is tested numerically through quarter and full car models, with the latter one running on the automotive simulation software CarSim. The obtained results highlight significant improvements of the proposed approach in comparison to state-of-the-art controllers. Furthermore, the study proves the viability of running four controllers on a real-time embedded hardware platform through processor-in-the-loop tests.

关键词： Shock absorbers Mathematical models Automobiles Artificial neural networks Vehicle dynamics Force Magnetomechanical effects Roads Automotive engineering Heuristic algorithms Artificial neural network automotive control magnetorheological damper processor in the loop semi-active suspension

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On-board spacecraft relative pose estimation with high-order extended Kalman filter

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 2019年 158卷 55-67页

作者： Cavenago, Francesco Di Lizia, Pierluigi Massari, Mauro Wittig, Alexander Politecn Milan Dept Aerosp Sci & Technol Via La Masa 34 I-20156 Milan Italy Univ Southampton Astronaut Grp Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

This paper analyzes the real-time relative pose estimation and attitude prediction of a tumbling target spacecraft through a high-order numerical extended Kalman filter based on differential algebra. Indeed, in the differential algebra framework, the Taylor expansion of the phase flow is automatically available once the spacecraft dynamics is integrated and thus the need to write and integrate high-order variational equations is completely avoided making the presented solution easier to implement. To validate the technique, the ESA's *** mission, involving the Envisat satellite, is used as reference test case. The developed algorithms are implemented on a BeagleBone Black platform, as representative of the limited computational capability available on onboard processors. The performance is assessed by varying the measurement acquisition frequency and processor clock frequency, and considering various levels of uncertainties. A comparison among the different orders of the filter is carried out.

关键词： State estimation Kalman filter Differential algebra Space debris Nonlinear filter Pose estimation processor in the loop

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PIL simulations of an FWUAV under windy conditions

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AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING AND AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY 2018年第2期90卷 461-470页

作者： Ulker, Hakan Baykara, Cemal Ozsoy, Can Siirt Univ Dept Mech Engn Siirt Turkey Istanbul Tech Univ Dept Mech Engn Istanbul Turkey Beykent Univ Dept Mech Engn Istanbul Turkey

Purpose A fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle (FWUAV) is targeted to perform processor in the loop (PIL) simulations for the flight scenarios such as straight and level, level climb, level turn, climbing turn and level steady heading sideslip under windy conditions such as steady wind (SW) and wind gust (WG) in a desired and controlled manner. Design/methodology/approach The constrained multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) lateral and longitudinal linear models-based model predictive controllers (MPCs) which are proposed in a previous study (Ulker et al., 2017) are tested in the PIL simulations under specified windy conditions. BeagleBone Black Rev C is used as a target hardware or processor in the PIL simulations. Findings The results of the PIL simulations show that the MPCs proposed in the previous study can achieve satisfactory performance and flying qualities for the all flight scenarios handled in this paper under windy conditions. Practical implications The MPCs proposed in the previous study can be easily implemented in the real world to a low-cost and small-sized board like BeagleBone Black Rev C which is used in this paper. Originality/value The proposed MPCs in the previous study which are capable of providing more flexibility in terms of tracking complex trajectories are showed to be able to be implemented to real system by means of PIL simulations under the changeable windy conditions which are difficult for performance tests.

关键词： Flight control Model predictive control Fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle processor in the loop Windy conditions

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Stability enhancement of battery energy storage and renewable energy-based hybrid AC/DC microgrids using terminal sliding mode backstepping control approaches

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ISA TRANSACTIONS 2023年 142卷 40-56页

作者： Roy, Tushar Kanti Ghosh, Subarto Kumar Saha, Sajeeb Rajshahi Univ Engn & Technol Dept Elect & Telecommun Engn Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh Rajshahi Univ Engn & Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh Univ Sunshine Coast Sch Sci Technol & Engn Moreton Bay Campus Petrie Qld Australia

In this paper, a terminal sliding mode backstepping controller (TSMBC) has been proposed for various components of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid (HADMG) to enhance its dynamic stability. The proposed control technique is employed to generate switching control signals for converters, which serve as the primary interface between the DC bus and the AC bus in a hybrid microgrid. Additionally, this technique facilitates the interface of PMSG-based wind generators, solar photovoltaic generators, and battery energy storage systems with the DC bus. Through the implementation of the composite control technique, the global stability of the microgrid is ensured by driving all the states of the HADMG associated with various components to converge towards their intended values. Afterward, the Lyapunov control theory has been used to analyze the converter and inverter's large-signal stability while ensuring the robustness of the proposed robust composite controller. Finally, an extensive simulation study was conducted on a hybrid microgrid to verify the efficacy of the designed controller in maintaining power balance amidst variations in the system's operational regimes. Moreover, the effectiveness of the controller's practical implementation is confirmed by real-time processor-in-theloop analysis. Simulation results clearly show that the proposed TSMBC improves the overall dynamic performance of the hybrid microgrid with less overshoot (0%) and settling time (110 ms) in DC bus voltage when compared to the existing sliding mode controller.(c) 2023 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Terminal sliding mode backstepping control scheme Hybrid AC/DC microgrids Dynamic and global stability Lyapunov stability theory processor in the loop Power balance

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DSP In the loop implementation of an enhanced Direct Torque Control for Induction Motor drive 2

DSP In the Loop implementation of an enhanced Direct Torque ...

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2nd International Conference on Innovative Research in Applied Science, Engineering and Technology (IRASET)

作者： El Haissouf, Mohammed El Haroussi, Mustapha Ba-Razzouk, Abdellfattah Hassan I Univ Dept Appl Phys Settat Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9781665422093

This paper deals with an enhanced Direct Torque Control strategy for induction motor drive. The proposed approach uses a more precise switching table based on twelve sectors and modified hysteresis controllers. processor in the loop technique is performed using MATLAB with Code Composer Studio and F28069M development board. Therefore, this work proposes an experimental validation of an enhanced algorithm for Direct Torque and flux Control. Also, it offers a comparison to the conventional Direct Torque Control strategy. processor in the loop results, show that modified Direct Torque Control strategy improves torque and flux dynamic and enhances waveforms quality. So flux and torque ripples and harmonic distortion of the currents are reduced.

关键词： processor in the loop Digital Signal processor Direct Torque Control Induction Motor

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Real Time Implementation of the PMSM Sensorless Control Based on FOC Strategy 4

Real Time Implementation of the PMSM Sensorless Control Base...

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4th IEEE Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM)

作者： Nicola, Claudiu-Ionel Nicola, Marcel Natl Inst Res Dev & Testing Elect Engn ICMET Crai Res Dept Craiova Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469258

This article presents the development stages of the real-time implementation for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) control system. The control structures specific to the Field Oriented Control (FOC) strategy, the hardware elements, and the software programming environments used are presented. These stages can be presented in a chained manner in the form of stages such as: Model-In-the-loop (MIL), Software-In-the-loop (SIL), processor-In-the-loop (PIL), and Hardware-In-the-loop (HIL). Moreover, in addition to the presentation of these stages, the article also presents the identification and tuning stages inherent to any control system. The results obtained in each of these stages are presented, the final goal being the study of the evolution in real-time of the performance of the PMSM control system.

关键词： permanent magnets motors software in the loop processor in the loop hardware in the loop

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Adaptive LQR Control for a Rear-Wheel Steering Battery Electric Vehicle

Adaptive LQR Control for a Rear-Wheel Steering Battery Elect...

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IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)

作者： Tramacere, Eugenio Castellanos, Luis Miguel Molina Amati, Nicola Tonoli, Andrea Bonfitto, Angelo Politecn Torino Ctr Automot Res & Sustainable Mobil CARS Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475877

Nowadays battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are seen as a promising and viable alternative to traditional road transport means. However, these vehicles weight more than conventional ones due to the presence of bulky battery packs. This work presents the design of a rear-wheel steering (RWS) adaptive Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control capable of improving handling characteristics of the retained electric vehicle. The reliability of the control is highlighted by performing manoeuvres at different road friction coefficients. Moreover, the RWS controller is validated by implementing a processor-in-the-loop (PIL) architecture in a high-performance real-time target computing machine.

关键词： battery electric vehicles LQR controller handling processor in the loop rear wheel steering vehicle dynamics

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Smooth Switching Controllers for Reliable Induction Motor Drive Operation after Sensor Failures 30

Smooth Switching Controllers for Reliable Induction Motor Dr...

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30th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Stettenbenz, Michael Liu, Yiqi Bazzi, Ali Univ Connecticut Adv Power Elect & Elect Drives Lab APEDL Storrs CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479967353

This paper presents a switching control method that can be actuated by a supervisory controller, with emphasis on smooth transitions between various open and closed loop controllers in real time. Through conversion of commands into non-periodic voltage values in the synchronous qd0 reference frame, hand-off transient reduction is achieved by controlling the rate of change of stator voltage commands during changeover. Through this method, smooth switched supervisory control can be achieved without synchronization or phase coordination between different commands from different controllers. Controllers are selected based on available sensor feedback. A system containing three controllers is simulated and tested with simulated sensor loss. Results of the proposed smooth switching controller compared to abrupt switching between control commands are compared. The proposed scheme is shown to reduce current and torque transients and maintain smooth operation of the drive. Given that multiple controllers and the switching logic are computationally intensive from an embedded system perspective, the proposed method is verified to operate in a processor-in-the-loop (PIL) environment on a Texas Instruments C2000 microcontroller.

关键词： Supervisory control smooth switching transient reduction processor in the loop induction motor drive

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