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13th Asian Conference on Machine Learning (ACML)

作者： Wu, Hao Chen, Tianyi Luo, Xianzhe Jin, Canghong Zhang, Yun Wu, Minghui Zhejiang Univ City Coll Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China

Block-based programming is of great significance for cultivating children's computational thinking. However, due to the following challenges, it is difficult to evaluate students' programming ability in online learning systems: 1) compared with the traditional Online Judge (OJ) system, there is no standard answer for a given task in block-based programming;2) in order to promote students' interests, although the programs are not totally correct and unrelated to the task, the teacher will give a comparatively higher score. Therefore, current approaches involving output comparison and code analysis do not work effectively. Furthermore, deep learning methods also suffer from the problem of how to represent block code for classification. We propose a novel hybrid estimation model to address these challenges. We first learn graph embedding from the parsed Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) to present the logicality of the code. Next, we provide some methods to measure the workload and complexity of the code. Then, we extracted some key variables and task-irrelevant properties, introduced teacher bias. Finally, XGBoost was constructed for classification. Based on real-world data collected from an online Scratch platform by early-age students, our model outperforms KimCNN, ResNet-18, and Graph2Vec+XGBoost. Moreover, we provided statistical analyses and intuitive explanations to interpret the characteristics in various groups.

关键词： Block-based programming open-ended question hybrid estimation model graph embedding program complexity

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Low-power cluster using OMAP3530

Low-power cluster using OMAP3530

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4th European DSP Education and Research Conference, EDERC 2010

作者： Andrade, Saul Araújo Dourado, Jonas Rossi Maciel, Carlos Dias Department of Electrical Engineering University of Sao Paulo Av. Trabalhador Sao-Carlense 400 13560-970 Sao Carlos Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780955204746

Performance is always a delicate matter for algorithms to function properly in real-time or any other critical scenario. Depending on the application complexity, the processor power from a single core may not be enough to accomplish all the desired tasks;in order to surpass this boundary without multi-core solutions, it is only natural to consider the use of more than one machine, which is widely known as clustering. This paper intends to discuss a cluster built at the "Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP" using Beagle Boards, a Texas Instruments OMAP3530 processor based board, by describing the steps involved in its assembly, as well as presenting results of a parallel algorithm running on it. © 2010 Texas Instruments.

关键词： program complexity LOW POWER PROCESSOR Parallel algorithms algorithms

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Analysis of program structure and error characteristics as applied to NTDS programs.

Analysis of program structure and error characteristics as a...

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作者： Kirchgaessner, Michael Naval Postgraduate School

学位级别：硕士

A simulation model for the evaluation of program structure and error detection has been applied to the analysis of selected parts of NTDS programs. The simulation results were used to establish the relationship between program structure and measures of program complexity. This information would be used for the design and testing of software.

关键词： program structure program complexity NTDS programs program testing

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DETERMINANTS OF program REPAIR MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

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COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM 1984年第8期27卷 826-832页

作者： GREMILLION, LL Boston Univ. Boston MA

Determines the requirements for a computer program repair maintenance. Factors that affect the occurrence of errors in computer programs; Relationship between the number of delivered errors and measures of the programs' size and complexity, frequency of use and age; Correlation between repair maintenance and the number of lines of source code in the program.

关键词： program complexity program maintenance repair maintenance software science

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TRIFORM programS

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COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM 1981年第6期24卷 344-350页

作者： CROCKETT, DW 908 North M Place Lompoc CA

The concept that three process functions—initialization, production, and completion—and a separate supervisory control function are sufficient to describe the execution of a program is the basis for Triform program design. Triform programs are composed of modules arranged in a trifurcate tree structure with each branch devoted to the performance of one and only one of the process functions. The root of the program tree is a control module which supervises process-function execution. Such trifurcate tree structures are shown to be minimum complexity structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： Triform programs complexity measures fundamental program functions or processes modular programs program complexity program design program modules reducing program complexity tree structures trifurcated program graphs

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SOME FACTORS AFFECTING program REPAIR MAINTENANCE - AN EMPIRICAL-STUDY

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COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM 1983年第2期26卷 128-134页

作者： VESSEY, I WEBER, R Univ. of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia Univ. of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia

Presents an empirical study of operational commercial and clerical Cobol programs in Australian and United States organizations, to determine the factors affecting program repair maintenance. Concept of repair maintenance; Incorrect implementation of program specifications resulting in logic errors; Distinctions between repair maintenance and adaptive maintenance.

关键词： experimentation modular programming program complexity program maintenance programmer quality programming management repair maintenance structured programming

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Model Based Testing of Satellite On-Board Software -an Industrial Use Case

Model Based Testing of Satellite On-Board Software -an Indus...

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IEEE Aerospace Conference

作者： HJ Herpel M. Kerep J. Li J. Xie B. Johansen K. Kvinnesland S. Krueger P. Barrios Airbus DS GmbH Claude-Dornier-Str. 1 88090 Immenstaad

ISBN: (纸本)9781467376778

In this paper we describe a Model Based approach to testing of on-board software and compare it with traditional validation strategy currently applied to satellite software. The major problems that software engineering will face over at least the next two decades are increasing application complexity driven by the need for autonomy and serious application robustness. In other words, how do we actually get to declare success when trying to build applications one or two orders of magnitude more complex than today's applications. To solve the problems addressed above the software engineering process has to be improved at least for two aspects: 1) Software design and 2) Software testing. The software design process has to evolve towards model-based approaches with extensive use of code generators. Today, testing is an essential, but time and resource consuming activity in the software development process. Generating a short, but effective test suite usually requires a lot of manual work and expert knowledge. In a model-based process, among other subtasks, test construction and test execution can also be partially automated. The basic idea behind the presented study was to start from a formal model (e.g. State Machines), generate abstract test cases which are then converted to concrete executable test cases (input and expected output pairs). The generated concrete test cases were applied to an on-board software. Results were collected and evaluated wrt. applicability, cost-efficiency, effectiveness at fault finding, and scalability.

关键词： Software design CASING INSPECTION program complexity computer software satellites Software engineering computer programs industrial use state machines Expert Opinion Code generation Autonomy

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Automatic program analysis and evaluation 76

Automatic program analysis and evaluation

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Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Software engineering

作者： Marvin V. Zelkowitz

There is currently considerable interest in the computing community in the evaluation of computer programming. However, in order to objectively evaluate such concepts, it is necessary to undertake a thorough evaluation of the programming process itself. Most previous studies of this type have analyzed, by hand usually, a few instances of programs. This has led to some general conjectures; however, the amount of information that must be processed precludes any large scale analysis. In order to avoid this problem, an automatic data collection facility has been implemented as part of a PL/1 compiler at the University of Maryland. This system automatically collects information on each program that has been compiled - at almost no additional cost to the user of the compiler. This paper will describe the system and will evaluate some of the characteristics of some of the 25,000 programs that have been run since July, 1975.

关键词： Static and dynamic analysis program complexity Errors program measurement Evaluation

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Adaptive Filesystem Compression for Embedded Systems 08

Adaptive Filesystem Compression for Embedded Systems

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2008 Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE 2008), vol.3

作者： Lan S. Bai Haris Lekatsas Robert P. Dick Northwestern University Evanston IL Vorras Corporation Princeton NJ

ISBN: (纸本)9783981080131

Embedded system secondary storage size is often constrained, yet storage demands are growing as a result of increasing application complexity and storage of personal data and multimedia files. Filesystem compression offers a solution. This paper formalizes the problem of automatic filesystem compression using multiple compression algorithms. The average latency of on-line file accesses is optimized under a constraint on filesystem capacity. Our solution is based on predictive control. Predicted latency implications are used to solve the file compression state selection problem using a multiple choice knapsack problem formulation. This approach is evaluated on filesystem traces and compared with other efficient heuristics. Our approach results in 34.1% reduction in file access latency compared to a straight-forward heuristic that decompresses frequently-accessed files and compresses least recently used files with more aggressive compression algorithms. It reduces file access latency by 67.7% compared to uniformly compressing files to the shallowest level required to meet storage capacity constraints.

关键词： File systems Embedded systems Compression algorithms program complexity personal data STORAGE(BY SIZE) Latency MULTI-MEDIA SYSTEM

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Multi-Level Design and Optimization of Wireless Sensor Networks

Multi-Level Design and Optimization of Wireless Sensor Netwo...

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International Conference on Networked Sensing Systems

作者： Simone Campanoni William Fornaciari Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione Politecnico di Milano Via Ponzio 34/5 20133 Milano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764319

This paper proposes a methodology to off-line planning of WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) by addressing the problem in a multi-layer manner. At the sensor level a model is described to properly select and distribute the sensors in the environment. To optimize the cost and deployment of realistic WSNs, further design activities are proposed at an intermediate level, targeting board-level clustering of sensors. Finally, it is presented a methodology to hierarchically organize the set of sensors in patches with an additional gateway-level communication layer, to take into account also possible scaling of the application complexity. Particular emphasis is put on the cost modeling and on ensuring the correct behavior of the WSN against variation of parameters like sensor position, protocol, cost, etc.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks System-Level Design Cost-Performance Tradeoffs Cost-Model Design Frameworks Wireless sensor networks Sensors program complexity WSN gene deployment

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