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49th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)

作者： Reis, Ruan Soares, Gustavo Mongiovi, Melina Andrade, Wilkerson L. Univ Fed Campina Grande Campina Grande Paraiba Brazil Microsoft Redmond WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728117461

This Research Full Paper presents a study on the evaluation of feedback tools in introductory programming classes Recently, several tools have been proposed in order to provide guidance and help students overcome conceptual difficulties in programming education. Some tools leverage clustering algorithms and program repair techniques to automatically generate personalized hints for students' incorrect programs. In contrast, some teachers choose to present students with program visualization tools to help them understand the dynamic execution of a source code. These tools are used to help students get correct solutions for programming assignments. However, due to limitations in assessments, it is still unclear how effective the feedback provided by these tools is. In this study, we analyzed the effectiveness of a tool for generating personalized hints and a tool for visualizing programs. To do so, we conducted a user study in which students, assisted by these tools, implemented solutions for three programming problems. Our results show that personalized hints can significantly reduce student's effort to get correct solutions. In addition, personalized hints can provide students with an understanding of problem solving similar to when using test cases. However, students who used the program visualization tool got lower post-test performance than using other tools.

关键词： programming education feedback generation program visualization study evaluation

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Illustrating Software Modifiability - Capturing Cohesion and Coupling in a Force-Optimized 14

Illustrating Software Modifiability - Capturing Cohesion and...

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IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT 2014)

作者： Holvitie, Johannes Leppanen, Ville Univ Turku TUCS Turku Ctr Comp Sci Turku Finland Univ Turku Dept Informat Technol Turku Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479962396

Software visualization aims to provide a more human-readable interface for the various software system aspects and characteristics. As majority of the time spent on modifying software is spent on gaining an understanding of an intangible and virtual system, the area of software visualization is widely researched as a solution to this. The paper in question presents a program visualization approach that focuses on illustrating the two software modifiability characteristics of cohesion and coupling. Unlike other approaches, which provide a visual representation for precalculated values, it uses the underlying cohesion and coupling mechanics to derive the actual layout. This allows the user to perceive the entire structure that has resulted to the cohesion and coupling values present in viewed nodes. There are three distinct steps to our approach. 1) Semantic analysis is used to record the static program structure into a directed and weighted graph. 2) The graph is then laid out using force-optimization to highlight important implementation structures. Finally, 3) sub-graph separation and further visual aids are provided to aid the user in observing cohesion and coupling for specific areas. Discussed benefits for this approach include information production efficiency, the ability to quickly analyze even large software implementations and intuitiveness of the visual delivery method.

关键词： Context Couplings Layout Measurement Semantics Software visualization cohesion coupling program visualization software maintenance program visualization economic and social cohesion Cohesion Couplings coupling computer software Software maintenance layouts visualization Semantics computer programs program structure

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Algorithm animation using 3D interactive graphics 93

Algorithm animation using 3D interactive graphics

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Proceedings of the 6th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

作者： Brown, Marc H. Najork, Marc A. Systems Research Center Digital Equipment Corporation 130 Lytton Ave. Palo Alto CA Digital Equipment Corporation Palo Alto CA

ISBN: (纸本)089791628X

This paper describes a variety of 3D interactive graphics techniques for visualizing programs. The third dimension provides an extra degree of freedom for conveying information, much as color adds to black-and-white images, animation adds to static images, and sound adds to silent animations. The examples in this paper illustrate three fundamental uses of 3D: for providing additional information about objects that are intrinsically two-dimensional, for uniting multiple views, and for capturing a history of execution. The application of dynamic three-dimensional graphics to program visualization is largely unexplored.

关键词： program visualization 3D graphics information visualization algorithm animation

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program animation in Jeliot 3

Program animation in Jeliot 3

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ITiCSE 2004 - 9th Annual SIGCSE Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education

作者： Moreno, Andres Myller, Niko Ben-Ari, Mordechai Sutinen, Erkki Department of Computer Science University of Joensuu Joensuu FIN-80110 Finland

No abstract available

关键词： Jeliot program visualization Teaching object-oriented programming

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Visual program simulation in introductory programming education

Visual program simulation in introductory programming educat...

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作者： Sorva, Juha Aalto University

学位级别：master

This thesis formulates and evaluates a pedagogical technique whose goal is to help beginners learn the basics of computer programming. The technique, visual program simulation (VPS), involves the learner in interactive simulations in which the learner takes on the role of the computer as the executor of a program. The student uses a given visualization of a so-called notional machine, an abstract computer, to illustrate what happens in memory as the computer processes the program. The purpose of these simulations is to help the beginner learn to reason about program execution, a skill whose development has been identified as a major challenge in introductory programming education. VPS promotes effective learning by seeking to cognitively engage the learner with a visualization. It can be made practical through visualization software. VPS software may also automatically assess students'' simulations and provide personal feedback, which is a valuable asset especially in the large classes that are typical of introductory *** thesis contributes to VPS in four ways. First, it formulates the concept of visual program simulation and outlines its underpinnings in terms of learning theory. Second, it presents a new software prototype that facilitates the use of VPS in practice. Third, it reports on a preliminary empirical evaluation of VPS and the software in the context of an introductory programming course. Fourth, it makes recommendations on the use of VPS in teaching and the further development of VPS tools, which arise from the empirical *** findings from a mixed-methods evaluation of VPS suggest that it is a promising pedagogical approach that helps many students learn programming. At the same time, the evaluation highlights certain important weaknesses. The purpose of VPS is not obvious to many students. Care must be taken to ensure that students develop a rich understanding of what VPS is and what they stand to gain from it. For best results, it is recom

关键词： Computer science Education visual program simulation introductory programming education novice programmers program visualization interactive visualization for education visuaalinen ohjelmasimulaatio ohjelmoinnin perusopetus ohjelmoinnin aloittelijat ohjelmavisualisaatio vuorovaikutteinen opetusvisualisaatio

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An Interactive Tutorial for Learning to Manipulate References 18

An Interactive Tutorial for Learning to Manipulate Reference...

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49th ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE)

作者： Mohammed, Mostafa Mandava, Sushma Chon, Jieun Ellis, Margaret Shaffer, Clifford A. Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450351034

Understanding basic manipulation of object references is a conceptual prerequisite to understanding many data structures, beginning with linked lists and trees. Unfortunately, there is often a gap between introductory programming courses that introduce reference variables and creation of objects, and second-semester programming courses that immediately skip to introducing linked lists. As a consequence, students begin using references extensively during Data Structures and Algorithms courses without enough knowledge about how references work. To fill this gap, we created a tutorial about basic use of references and the manipulation of objects using references. The tutorial, implemented as part of the OpenDSA eTextbook system, focuses on learning through visualizations and interactive exercises. Students work a series of small code-writing exercises, inspired by the JhavePOP system. These exercises use simple program visualization to let students see the result of running their program. Manipulative exercises test student proficiency at reading and understanding small sections of code that use references to link objects. All exercises are automatically assessed, providing immediate feedback. Our evaluation of the tutorial's effectiveness will focus on identifying and correcting student misconceptions. Optional sections of the tutorial introduce the program stack and the dynamic memory heap.

关键词： Pointers references objects program visualization dynamic memory allocation

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HDPV: Highly Interactive, Faithful, In-Vivo Runtime State visualization for Software programs

HDPV: Highly Interactive, Faithful, In-Vivo Runtime State Vi...

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作者： Sundararaman, Jaishankar Virginia Tech | University

program visualization systems use graphics and animation to represent the behavior of software programs. These systems represent different aspects of the program such as source code, control flow, data structures, runtime state of the program. Representing the actual runtime state of the program finds its use in a variety of applications including program understanding, visual debugging, and pedagogy. However, existing state-of-the-art program visualization systems are limited in : (1) not providing sufficient interactive capabilities to the user; (2) not faithfully representing the runtime state of the program; (3) not allowing users to apply different layout strategies to the visualization; (4) being tied to a specific programming language. To address these limitations, this thesis presents HDPV, a program state visualization system that visualizes any C, C++, or Java program. HDPV is based on a canonical state model that represents the memory layout of the program as a graph of memory blocks. It decouples the visualization of the program from the actual programming language in which it is written, thereby making the system language independent. HDPV supports a host of interactive features that allow the user to selectively explore different parts of the programâ s runtime state. Novel layout strategies support customization through user interaction. We provide a list of use-cases to show that HDPV can be applied to a wide variety of applications including - but not limited to - understanding programs that use basic concepts in computer science, demonstrating algorithm implementations, and debugging software programs.

关键词： Visual Debugging Software Comprehension program visualization Thesis

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An animation framework for improving the comprehension of TinyOS programs

An animation framework for improving the comprehension of Ti...

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作者： Dandamudi, Sravanthi Clemson University

学位级别：M.S.

To meet the increasing demand for monitoring of the physical world, there has been an increase in the development of wireless sensor network applications. The TinyOS platform has emerged as a de facto standard for developing these applications. The platform offers a number of advantages, with its support for concurrency, power-efficient operation, and resource-constrained hardware chief among them. However, the benefits come at a price. Even without the TinyOS platform, the inherent parallel and distributed nature of these applications makes it difficult for developers to reason about program behavior. Further, the TinyOS programming model adopts asynchronous, split-phase execution semantics. Developers must explicitly manage program control state across event-handlers, components, and devices. This makes the design, debugging, and comprehension of these programs even more difficult. In this work, we describe an animation framework for TinyOS programs, designed to enhance the comprehension of their runtime behavior. The framework enables application developers to specify, in the form of an XML configuration file, the runtime elements to be captured within a given system and the manner in which those elements should be displayed. The resulting visualization presents an animated play-back sequence of the events that occurred during execution. The framework also provides a visual representation that connects causally-related events in a distributed network. We describe the design and implementation of the animation framework and present an analysis of the runtime overhead it introduces.

关键词： nesC program visualization runtime behavior TinyOS wireless sensor networks Computer Sciences

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INTERACTING WITH THE FIELD ENVIRONMENT

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1990年第S1期20卷 S89-S115页

作者： REISS, SP Department of Computer Science Brown University Providence RI 02912 U.S.A.

This paper describes the ideas behind and the use of the FIELD programming environment. FIELD is an integrated environment that is based on Unix programming tools and that runs on top of the X11 windowing system. It provides a consistent and complete interface to its tools. In addition, FIELD provides a variety of tools for program and data visualization. The key concepts behind FIELD are an integration mechanism based on a simple, central message server, an annotation editor for integrating access to the source file with the other tools, and the use of a high-level user interface toolset.

关键词： programming environments User interfaces program visualization

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Using the SRec visualization System to Construct Dynamic programming Algorithms

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2017年第2期33卷 908-917页

作者： Angel Velazquez-Iturbide, J. Perez-Carrasco, Antonio Univ Rey Juan Carlos Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Informat Dept Informat & Estat Madrid 28933 Spain

Dynamic programming is a demanding algorithm design technique. In this article, we introduce an extension of the recursion visualization system SRec, intended to support dynamic programming. The contributions of the chapter are threefold. Firstly, we present SRec support to several phases of the systematic development of dynamic programming algorithms: generation of recursion trees, checking recursion redundancy in a recursion tree, generation of the dependency graph associated to a recursion tree, and matching the graph to a table. These facilities require high degree of interactivity to be effective. The article illustrates these facilities with the construction of a dynamic programming algorithm for the 0/1 knapsack problem. Secondly, we address several pragmatic issues: usage in educational scenarios, our experience with dynamic programming algorithms, and limitations. Thirdly, the article reports on the results of an evaluation of the system usability. The results were very positive, providing evidence on the adequateness of extensions. Furthermore, they allowed identifying minor opportunities for improvements.

关键词： algorithms multiple recursion dynamic programming program visualization human-compter interaction SRec

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