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Visual representations for recursion

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES 2001年第3期54卷 285-300页

作者： Tung, SH Chang, CT Wong, WK Jehng, JC Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Informat Management Touliu Taiwan Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect Touliu Taiwan Natl Cent Univ Inst Human Resource Management Chungli 32054 Taiwan

Visualcode is a visual notation that uses coloured expressions and graphical environments to describe the execution of Scheme programs. RainbowScheme is a program visualization system which is designed to produce visualcode representations of step-by-step execution of Scheme programs. This article presents a new approach of teaching recursion using visualcode and RainbowScheme. Experimental evaluation indicates that viewing RainbowScheme:heme-produced visual traces and requiring students to use visualcode to generate visual e valuation steps of recursive programs can enhance the learners' ability to evaluate recursive programs as well as to solve recursive programming problems. (C) 2001 Academic Press.

关键词： program visualization recursion Scheme

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C Tutor usage in relation to student achievement and progress: A study of introductory programming courses in Portugal and Serbia

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2020年第5期28卷 1058-1071页

作者： Alves, Luis Gajic, Dusan Rangel Henriques, Pedro Ivancevic, Vladimir Ivkovic, Vladimir Lalic, Maksim Lukovic, Ivan Varanda Pereira, Maria Joao Popov, Srdan Correia Tavares, Paula Inst Politecn Braganca Escola Super Tecnol & Gestao Dept Informat & Comunicacoes Braganca Portugal Univ Novi Sad Fac Tech Sci Dept Comp & Control Engn Trg Dositeja Obradov 6 Novi Sad 21000 Serbia Univ Minho Escola Engn Dept Informat Braga Portugal Inst Politecn Braganca Escola Super Tecnol & Gestao Ctr Invest Digitalizacao & Robot Inteligente CeDR Braganca Portugal Inst Politecn Porto Inst Super Engn Porto Dept Engn Informat Porto Portugal

Previous research studies on introductory programming courses in engineering education in Portugal and Serbia have indicated that although high motivation and high expectations seem to be reported by students, many students may fail the course. This prompted a further inquiry into student attitudes, behavior, and achievement, and it also led to the introduction of C Tutor, a widely known program visualization tool, into courses in both countries. As a result, in the present study, self-reported student achievement (grades), self-reported student progress (knowledge improvement and confidence), and self-reported usage and helpfulness of C Tutor were investigated. Anonymous data about students and their experience in the course, which also included the usage of C Tutor, were collected in a survey in Portugal and Serbia. Quantitative methods, including descriptive statistics, clustering, statistical testing of independence, and partial correlation analysis, were applied in analyses of survey data. The distribution of grades differed between the two countries, but overall attitudes were similar. Various uncovered patterns involving student attitudes and usage of C Tutor may serve as a starting point for new research studies.

关键词： C Tutor introductory programming program visualization student confidence student knowledge

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Using Graphviz as a Low-cost Option to Facilitate the Understanding of Unix Process System Calls

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2009年第C期224卷 89-95页

作者： Riesco, Miguel Fondon, Marian D. Alvarez, Dairo Univ Oviedo Dept Comp Oviedo Spain

Unix system calls to create and execute processes are usually hard to understand for novice students. Using graphics for visualizing the behaviour of these system calls can be useful both for the teacher to explain and for the students to understand them. The problem here is that there is no software specifically addressed to generate graphical representations of these kind of programs, and to develop it would be costly. Instead of developing a complete system to visualize programs that use Unix system calls, we turned to a "cheaper" alternative solution. In this paper we show how we have used the open source graphviz tool to develop a simple way of generating graphical representations of the behaviour of these system calls, thus facilitating the comprehension of this important part in the learning of the Unix operating system.

关键词： Unix Operating System process system calls program visualization

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Integrating Multiple Approaches for Interacting with Dynamic Data Structure visualizations

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2009年第C期224卷 141-149页

作者： Cross, James H., II Hendrix, T. Dean Barowski, Larry A. Auburn Univ Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA

jGRASP 1.8.7 has integrated three approaches for interacting with its dynamic viewers for data structures: the debugger, the workbench, and a new text-based interactions tab that allows individual Java statements to be executed and expressions to be evaluated. While each of these approaches is distinct and can be used independently of the others, they can also be used together to provide a complementary set of interactions with the dynamic viewers. In order to integrate these approaches, the jGRASP visual debugger, workbench, and viewers had to be significantly redesigned. During this process, the structure identifier, which provides for the identification and rendering of common data structures, was also greatly improved by examining the examples from 20 data structure textbooks. The overall result of this integration effort is a highly flexible approach for user interaction with the dynamic data structure visualizations generated by a robust structure identifier.

关键词： program visualization data structures jGRASP debugger workbench interactions

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Distributed Framework for Adaptive Explanatory visualization

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2007年 178卷 145-152页

作者： Loboda, Tomasz D. Frengov, Atanas Kumar, Amruth N. Brusilovsky, Peter Univ Pittsburgh Dept Informat Sci & Telecommunicat Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Ramapo Coll Dept Comp Sci Mahwah NJ USA

Educational tools designed to help students understand programming paradigms and learn programming languages are an important component of many academic curricula. This paper presents the architecture of a distributed event-based visualization system. We describe specialized content provision and visualization services and present two communication protocols in an attempt to explore the possibility of a standardized language.

关键词： explanatory visualization program visualization visualization framework distributed architecture

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visualization of Procedural Abstraction

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2009年第C期224卷 27-39页

作者： Schaeckeler, Stefan Shang, Weijia Davis, Ruth Santa Clara Univ Dept Comp Engn Santa Clara CA 95053 USA

Visualizing impacts of an optimization pass helps to reason about, and to gain insight into, the inner workings of the optimization pass. In this paper, we visualize the impacts of two procedural abstraction passes. For this, we modified two procedural abstraction post pass optimizers to visualize for each the difference in machine code before and after optimization by drawing abstracted fragments in the original program. We then explain how the generated visualizations aid in better understanding the optimization passes.

关键词： visualization of computational processes program visualization program understanding Compiler understanding Code compaction Procedural abstraction Post pass optimization

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Animation Metaphors for Object-Oriented Concepts

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2007年 178卷 15-22页

作者： Sajaniemi, Jorma Byckling, Pauli Gerdt, Petri Univ Joensuu Dept Comp Sci & Stat Joensuu Finland

program visualization and animation has traditionally been done at the level of the programming language and its implementation in a computer. However, novices do not know these concepts and visualizations that build upon programming language implementation may easily fail in helping novices to learn programming concepts. Metaphor, on the contrary, involves the presentation of a new idea in terms of a more familiar one and can facilitate active learning. This paper applies a metaphor approach to object-oriented programming by presenting new metaphors for such concepts as class, object, object instantiation, method invocation, parameter passing, object reference, and garbage collection. The use of these metaphors in introductory programming education is also discussed.

关键词： Metaphor object-oriented programming program visualization program animation

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Revisiting the need for formal education in visualization

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IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS 2007年第6期27卷 12-16页

作者： Rushmeier, Holly Dykes, Jason Dill, John Yoon, Peter Yale University City University London Simon Fraser University Trinity College

Defining visualization education is still a work in progress. visualization education is not just a subject within computer science. Computer scientists are not always the appropriate choice to teach visualization courses on their own. visualization is not just mastering a set of concepts but acquiring skills. Student should learn by doing, either using one tool or a variety of tools, depending on the course''s focus.

关键词： computer science education data visualisation educational courses formal education visualization education course curriculum higher education visualization program higher education visualization Education courses program visualization formal education Data visualisation Curriculum computer science education

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Dynamic program visualizations for Java (abstract only) 14

Dynamic program visualizations for Java (abstract only)

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Proceedings of the 45th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education

作者： James Cross Dean Hendrix David Umphress Auburn University Auburn AL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450326056

This workshop will focus on using the new jGRASP viewer canvas which provides an exciting new dimension to dynamic program visualization. The canvas allows students and instructors to organize dynamic viewers of multiple objects and primitives to quickly form coherent program visualizations. Students can quickly build and save visualizations of their own programs, and faculty can create visualizations and provide them to students with example programs. "Playing" a program in canvas mode brings the visualization to life as objects come into scope and the canvas is updated automatically. All educators who teach Java will benefit from this workshop. It will be especially suitable for instructors who teach CS1 (introduction to programming), CS2 (introduction to data structures), and CS3 (introduction to algorithms), as well as for instructors of AP courses in high schools. jGRASP is a freely available educational IDE (http://***/); no prior experience with jGRASP is expected. Laptop required.

关键词： data structures algorithm animation program visualization

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Pedagogical Effectiveness of Engagement Levels - A Survey of Successful Experiences

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2009年第C期224卷 169-178页

作者： Urquiza-Fuentes, Jaime Angel Velazquez-Iturbide, J. Univ Rey Juan Carlos Dept Comp Sci Languages & Syst 1 Madrid Spain

In this paper we survey experiments with program and algorithm visualizations (PAVs) where learning improvements have been detected. We analyze these experiments based on the student's level of engagement with the visualizations. There are some features present in most of these, successful, experiments. Therefore they should be taken into account as important factors affecting pedagogical effectiveness of PAVs, these features are: narrative and textual contents, feedback to students' answers and a student centered approach when designing PAV construction kits.

关键词： program visualization algorithm visualization engagement levels educational evaluation survey

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