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8th IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (IEEE ICCIC)

作者： Tejaswini Patil, Srushti Salimath, Suman Naik, Venuprasad Nandi, Ritam Patil, Mahesh S. Bidari, Indira Chickerur, Satyadhyan BVB Coll Engn & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Hubli India KLE Technol Univ Ctr High Performance Comp Hubballi 580031 Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066216

Software companies seek for productive programmer who writes codes that are reusable, maintainable, efficient and documented with coding standards. But companies face challenges in finding and monitoring such programmers due to lack of programmer productivity measuring tools. The available tools are limited to measure parameters like coding standards, bugs and some rule violation. Hence there is need for tools that can measure bad programming constructs, reusability and specific demands of companies in coding to judge a programmer. This paper proposes a novel method and tool to measure programmer productivity based on parameters such as efficient usage of memory and machine cycles. It also assist programmer to improve their productivity. The tool is able to detect 3-4 types and 1-2 types of bad programming constructs in code written by novices and experienced programmers respectively. In future, the tool shall be designed to measure the productivity using other parameters reusability and maintainable.

关键词： programmer productivity efficient programmer ANTLR bad programming constructs bugs programming tool

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programmer productivity in a World of Mushy Interfaces: Challenges of the Post-ISA Reality 16

Programmer Productivity in a World of Mushy Interfaces: Chal...

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Proceedings of the Twenty-First International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems

作者： Emmett Witchel The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450340915

Since 1964, we had the notion that the instruction set architecture (ISA) is a useful and fairly opaque abstraction layer between hardware and software. Software rode hardware's performance wave while remaining gloriously oblivious to hardware's growing complexity. Unfortunately, the jig is up. We still have ISAs, but the abstraction no longer offers seamless portability---parallel software needs to be tuned for different core counts, and heterogeneous processing elements (CPUs, GPUs, accelerators) further complicate programmability. We are better at building large-scale heterogeneous processors than we are at programming them. Maintaining software across multiple current platforms is difficult and porting to future platforms is also difficult. There have been many technical responses: virtual ISAs (e.g., NVIDIA's PTX), higher-level programming interfaces (e.g., CUDA or OpenCL), and late-stage compilation and platform-specific tailoring (e.g., Android ART), etc.A team of opinionated experts, drawn from the three ASPLOS communities will examine the problem of programmer productivity in the post-ISA world, first from the perspective of their area of expertise and then noting the contributions from the other two communities. What research will save us and how? This wide-ranging debate will frame important research areas for future work while being grounded in frank discussion about what has succeeded in the past. Attendees can expect actionable insight into important research issues as well an entertaining discussion.

关键词： instruction set architecture programmer productivity portability

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Pair programming productivity: Novice-novice vs. expert-expert

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES 2006年第9期64卷 915-925页

作者： Lui, Kim Man Chan, Keith C. C. Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Comp Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

Agile Software Development methodologies have grown in popularity both among academic researchers and industrial practitioners. Among the various methodologies or practices proposed, pair programming, which is concerned with two programmers collaborating on design, coding and testing, has become a controversial focus of interest. Even though some success stories have been reported with the use of pair-programming in real software development environment, many people remain rather skeptical of the claims on pair-programming productivity. Previous studies in pair programming have only addressed the basic understanding of the productivity of pairs and they have not addressed the variation in productivity between pairs of varying skills and experience, such as between novice-novice and expert-expert. Statistical productivity measurements reported by different researchers also seem to lead to contradictory conclusions. Until now, the literature has not addressed how those results and experiments were related to each other. In this paper, we propose a controlled experiment called repeat-programming which can facilitate the understanding of relationships between human experience and programming productivity. Repeat-programming can be performed when controversial issues in non-traditional programming methodologies and development productivity need to be investigated into. To illustrate how the proposed empirical experiment can put arguable, divisive problems into perspective, we have examined the productivity in pair programming as a case study. With repeat-programming, we are able to (i) better understand why results of previous pair programming control experiments reached different conclusions as to the productivity of pair programming and (ii) most importantly, present a case in which novice-novice pairs against novice solos are much more productive than expert-expert pairs against expert solos. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： programming model pair programming programmer productivity

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EXPERT SYSTEMS AND THE MYTH OF SYMBOLIC REASONING

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1985年第11期11卷 1386-1390页

作者： DOYLE, J Dep. Comp. Sci. Carnegie-Mellon Univ. Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

An attempt is made to prove that the arguments of both proponents and detractors of expert systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) are misleading in that, while there are many non-AI expert systems, the AI techniques do offer something new and significant, but not what the proponents often claim. The traditional and AI approaches are reviewed and compared. The traditional procedure involves specification, coding, testing, reformulation, recoding, and exit; the AI procedure involves initial specification, interpretive testing, incremental reformulation, and coding. AI offers 3 advantages: 1. It improves the specification without programming. 2. It eases the task of perfecting the specification in other ways. 3. It aids the task of programming the application system. The advantages are significant even though the finished system need not use any AI techniques at all. The productivity advantages are the hidden truths behind the ''myth'' that symbolic reasoning programs are better than traditional ones.

关键词： Symbolic Reasoning Automatic Programming Expert Systems Lisp programmer productivity Prolog Prototypes Specifications

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The Effects of Test-Driven Development on External Quality and productivity: A Meta-Analysis

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2013年第6期39卷 835-856页

作者： Rafique, Yahya Misic, Vojislav B. Ryerson Univ Toronto ON M5T 1V2 Canada Ryerson Univ Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada

This paper provides a systematic meta-analysis of 27 studies that investigate the impact of Test-Driven Development (TDD) on external code quality and productivity. The results indicate that, in general, TDD has a small positive effect on quality but little to no discernible effect on productivity. However, subgroup analysis has found both the quality improvement and the productivity drop to be much larger in industrial studies in comparison with academic studies. A larger drop of productivity was found in studies where the difference in test effort between the TDD and the control group's process was significant. A larger improvement in quality was also found in the academic studies when the difference in test effort is substantial;however, no conclusion could be derived regarding the industrial studies due to the lack of data. Finally, the influence of developer experience and task size as moderator variables was investigated, and a statistically significant positive correlation was found between task size and the magnitude of the improvement in quality.

关键词： Test-driven development meta-analysis code quality programmer productivity agile software development

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Effects of Developer Experience on Learning and Applying Unit Test-Driven Development

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2014年第4期40卷 381-395页

作者： Latorre, Roberto Univ Autonoma Madrid Madrid Spain

Unit test-driven development (UTDD) is a software development practice where unit test cases are specified iteratively and incrementally before production code. In the last years, researchers have conducted several studies within academia and industry on the effectiveness of this software development practice. They have investigated its utility as compared to other development techniques, focusing mainly on code quality and productivity. This quasi-experiment analyzes the influence of the developers' experience level on the ability to learn and apply UTDD. The ability to apply UTDD is measured in terms of process conformance and development time. From the research point of view, our goal is to evaluate how difficult is learning UTDD by professionals without any prior experience in this technique. From the industrial point of view, the goal is to evaluate the possibility of using this software development practice as an effective solution to take into account in real projects. Our results suggest that skilled developers are able to quickly learn the UTDD concepts and, after practicing them for a short while, become as effective in performing small programming tasks as compared to more traditional test-last development techniques. Junior programmers differ only in their ability to discover the best design, and this translates into a performance penalty since they need to revise their design choices more frequently than senior programmers.

关键词： Test-driven development test-first design software engineering process software quality/SQA software construction process conformance programmer productivity

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INCREMENTAL SCANNING AND PARSING WITH GALAXY

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1991年第7期17卷 641-651页

作者： BEETEM, JF BEETEM, AF AB CREAT CONSULTING INC MADISONWI 53705

Incremental integrated programming environments are a promising approach toward the goal of improved programmer productivity. Consistently rapid environment response is an obvious goal. Efficient use of storage has also been determined to be an important issue. This paper presents the algorithms and techniques used for incremental scanning and parsing of the Galaxy language. The algorithms guarantee minimal rescanning and reparsing and are also space and time efficient. Notably, the methods are easily adapted to any language of equivalent class, i.e., RL(1) intersects LR(1), including such languages as C and Pascal.

关键词： EXTENSIBLE LANGUAGES INCREMENTAL COMPILATION INCREMENTAL PARSING INCREMENTAL SCANNING INTEGRATED SOFTWARE TOOLS LANGUAGE-BASED EDITORS (LBES) PARSING ALGORITHMS programmer productivity SOFTWARE ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTS

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A PROTOTYPING LANGUAGE FOR DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS-DESIGN

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INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1989年第1期16卷 11-18页

作者： CUNDIFF, WE GRIFFITH UNIV DIV ADMNATHANQLD 4111AUSTRALIA

A programming language (APL) has been associated with decision support system (DSS) development, which emphasizes full system implementation. However, the features of APL that have popularized it with DSS designers have been largely overlooked within the more traditional domain of information systems design. A functioning prototype DSS designed for marine park planning is presented from the perspective of user-system dialogue. The coexistence of one conceptual data type along with primitive and user-defined functions in a single workspace provides a cohesive approach to DSS design. The executable notation embodying the design, based on the single flow control construct of sequence is shown, along with the associated system array structures.

关键词： Decision support systems Prototyping Systems design APL Marine Park planning Microcomputer applications Hierarchical database management programmer productivity Command language Interactive dialogue

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PORTABLE SOFTWARE - A NEW CHALLENGE FOR PROCESS-CONTROL

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COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY 1986年第5期7卷 441-454页

作者： MCDONALD, JA NATL STEEL CORP DIV NATL STEELDIV INDIANA MIDWEST STEELVALPARAISOIN 46383

Discusses relative merit of transportable programming techniques and system modularization. Benefits to managing the sequencing of systems installation, programming effort and control equipment; Discussion on portable... 详细信息

关键词： Phased implementation of projects Reusable software Reliability and confidence issues programmer productivity Software complexity size and efficiency Architectural modularity Architectural layering Hardware/software data structures Single and multipathed implementation Common services Network configuration Applications personality Communications data bases and presentation Impact of open-ended systems on the human environment Tutorial Portable software Process control Portable system environment Portability System development

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KERNEL FOR A RESPONSIVE AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1983年第11期13卷 1033-1042页

作者： STRUBBE, HJ Prime Computer Inc. 500 Old Connecticut Path Framingham MA 01701 U.S.A.

A kernel that facilitates building graphical and responsive user interfaces for application programs has been constructed. A display tree representing the structure of the 2-dimen-sional screen image is defined. Each node contains an input procedure, an output procedure and links to their arguments. This display tree is the only interface between the user and the application program. For viewing purposes, the display tree can be ‘painted’ onto any viewport. The output routines attached to the nodes are invoked to produce the image. The arguments found in the ancestor nodes can be thought of as shared graphical attributes. Upon each input event, the display tree is traversed to determine which node is touched by the cursor. The input procedure attached to that node is then invoked. The use of a library with standard attached procedures (e.g. for screen editing and error checking) leads to a system that behaves uniformly across applications. Some demonstration programs, based on this kernel, show the very dynamic screen communication that can be achieved.

关键词： User interface Interactivity Graphics Display tree User friendliness programmer productivity

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