Optimizing and validating programming parameters of Thresholds(T) and most comfortable levels(C) is very important in young children using a cochlear implant who may not be able provide behavioral responses. The prese...
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Optimizing and validating programming parameters of Thresholds(T) and most comfortable levels(C) is very important in young children using a cochlear implant who may not be able provide behavioral responses. The present study attempts to describe the changes in T/C level with behavioral and Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEP) responses. Twenty participants using CI24RE (ST) implant with CP802 speech processor participated in the study. Three experimentally 'sham' programs were created by a) decreasing T levels, b) raising T levels or c) decreasing C levels in the 'everyday' program. Sound field thresholds and speech perception at 50dBHL were measured for all experimental and everyday programs. Acoustically evoked CAEP measures, namely thresholds for three different stimuli of/ba/,/da/and/ga/, along with amplitude and latency at 80dBnHL were recorded for all programs. The results indicated that modification of T levels did not have significant effect on CAEP threshold, latency, amplitude as also on behavioral measures of sound field thresholds and speech perception. However, reduction of C levels resulted in significantly poor sound field thresholds, speech perception as well as CAEP thresholds. Furthermore, it was found that there was a significant correlation between behavioral measures of sound field threshold and speech perception with CAEP measures. Thus, from the present study it may be concluded that behavioral and CAEP responses can be used as indicator to reflect changes in C levels resulting changes in behavioral measures in users of CP802 speech processors.
4D printing of biocompatible shape memory polymer materials is of great significance in the biomedical field. The addition of PCL material into PLA matrix is capable of modulating the elastic modulus of the material w...
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4D printing of biocompatible shape memory polymer materials is of great significance in the biomedical field. The addition of PCL material into PLA matrix is capable of modulating the elastic modulus of the material while remaining a reduced degradation rate. However, the influence of 4D printing parameters and shape programming parameters on their shape memory properties had not been systematically investigated. Here, we examine the effects of 4D printing process parameters and shape programming parameters on the shape memory properties of PLA/PCL composites. We first explore the effects of key printing parameters on the print quality and shape memory properties of pure PLA materials, and select composites with a PCL mass fraction of 15% to fully characterize their thermodynamic properties. The effects of programming stress and programming temperature on the shape memory properties of the PCL15 composites are analyzed. Finally, the artificial neural network algorithm is employed to optimize its programming parameters, and brings 5.76% enhancement of shape recovery ratio compared with that before optimization. This work provides a systematic study of the shape memory properties of 4D printed PLA/PCL composites, paving the way for promoting their application in the biomedical industry.
PurposeDue to the specificity of cochlear implantation (CI) programming parameters and outcomes in cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) patients, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between programming paramete...
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PurposeDue to the specificity of cochlear implantation (CI) programming parameters and outcomes in cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) patients, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between programming parameters and outcomes and further compare the difference between normal and CND *** (95 ears) CND patients (normal cochlea, 39;malformed cochlea, 56) and seventy-nine (81 ears) normal cochlea patients who underwent CI surgery with either Med-El or Cochlear devices were included. The programming parameters and outcomes evaluated by the questionnaires were collected and compared among the normal CND, malformed CND, and normal groups in the two device groups, and their correlation was *** the CND group, a reduced stimulation rate, higher pulse width, and triphasic pulse were needed in some cases. The stimulus levels of the CND group were significantly higher than that of the normal group (p < 0.05), but the outcomes of the CND group were significantly worse than that of the normal group (p < 0.05), and the stimulus level was significantly correlated with the outcomes (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference between normal and malformed CND groups. The non-auditory response was observed in the CND group, especially the ones with *** CI programming parameters of some CND patients need to be adjusted, and a slower stimulation rate and higher pulse width are required sometimes. CND patients need a higher stimulus level than normal patients but their outcomes are poorer. Non-auditory response should be noticed in CND patients during programming.
Cochlear implants have become a viable treatment option for individuals who present with severe to profound hearing loss. While there are several parameters that affect the successful use of this technology, quality p...
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Cochlear implants have become a viable treatment option for individuals who present with severe to profound hearing loss. While there are several parameters that affect the successful use of this technology, quality programming of the cochlear implant system is crucial. This review chapter focuses on general device programming techniques, programming techniques specific to children, objective programming techniques, a brief overview of programming parameters of the currently commercially available multichannel systems, and managing patient complaints and device failures. The chapter also provides what the authors believe the future may hold for new programming techniques.
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