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progressive image-coding BY HIERARCHICAL LINEAR-APPROXIMATION

INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 1994年第6期30卷 839-850页

作者： WU, XL FANG, YG UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO DEPT COMP SCILONDON N6A 5B7ONTARIOCANADA

progressive image coding is a useful feature for image databases, image communications, and multimedia information systems. Central to progressive image coding is a multiresolution image pyramid. Quadtree-based recursive regular tessellation is a popular form of image pyramid. But regular tessellation is often too rigid to capture the scene structure of an image;consequently, it may not generate a compact image representation. This paper proposes a scheme of hierarchical piecewise linear approximation as an adaptive image pyramid. A progressive segmentation-based image coder comes naturally from the proposed image pyramid. The new image pyramid is semantically more powerful than regular tessellation while syntactically simpler than free segmentation. This good compromise between the adaptability and complexity of image segmentation contributes to high compression ratios achieved by our progressive image coder. In addition to its advantages in data compression and progressive transmission, our image coder also facilitates many other image manipulations.

关键词： progressive image coding image PYRAMID image COMPRESSION SEGMENTATION LEAST-SQUARE PIECEWISE APPROXIMATION

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progressive image coding using trellis-coded space-frequency quantization

Progressive image coding using trellis-coded space-frequency...

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10th Visual Information Processing Conference

作者： Seigneurbieux, P Xiong, ZX Texas A&M Univ Dept Elect Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440833

This paper addresses progressive wavelet image coding within the trellis-coded space-frequency quantization (TCSFQ) framework [1]. A method similar to that in[2] is used to approximately invert TCSFQ when decoding at rates lower than the encoding rate. Our experiments show that the loss incurred for progressive transmission is within one dB in PSNR and that the progressive coding performance of TCSFQ is competitive with that of the celebrated SPIHT coder [3] at all rates.

关键词： wavelet transform progressive image coding trellis-coded space-frequency quantization

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Hierarchical progressive image coding controlled by a region based approach

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1999年第1期45卷 13-20页

作者： Accame, M Granelli, F Univ Genoa Dept Biophys & Elect Engn I-16145 Genoa Italy

This paper presents a progressive image coding technique in which a rough preview image is enhanced with the zerotree encoding of the residual image in the wavelet domain. The preview image is achieved with a region based approach that gives a basic description of the scene with a very high compression ratio. As a second stage, the residual between the original image and the preview is decomposed using a wavelet transform, and it is encoded for a progressive transmission. The wavelet coefficients are selected from the coarsest to the finest level of resolution, using a mask obtained from the image preview. Such a mask sets the importance of the coefficients on the basis of their distance from the contours of the regions of the preview. A modified zerotree approach is used to progressively encode the weighted coefficients until significant texture is introduced in the image and the required quality is achieved. Moreover, if it is required an image with very good quality, the resulting reconstruction error is encoded by means of vector quantization and transmitted over the channel. The proposed method is compared to progressive JPEG, and it obtains similar results at low compression ratios and far better at higher ones.

关键词： progressive image coding region-based image coding zerotree wavelet transform

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Rate-distortion based scalable progressive image coding

Rate-distortion based scalable progressive image coding

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Conference on Mathematics of Data/image coding, Compression, and Encryption

作者： Carey, WK Von Pischke, LA Hemami, SS Cornell Univ Sch Elect Engn Ithaca NY 14850 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429112

The emergence of distributed, heterogeneous media such as the Internet has established the practical importance of progressive image transmission, in which an image is transmitted in such a way as to admit coarse rendering and recognition at the decoder as early as possible in the bitstream. This paper presents a wavelet-based progressive image transmission algorithm that attempts to achieve several goals not addressed by other image compression algorithms in the literature. First, the algorithm evaluates the tradeoff between rate and distortion as a criterion for selecting wavelet coefficients for transmission. The distortion metric is not limited to mean squared error;the algorithm provides a framework for investigating any distortion function including psychovisual and segmentation-based distortion metrics. Second, it provides a high degree of spatial scalability by sending coarser resolution information earlier in the bitstream than detail information and does not waste bits by refining high frequency subbands early. Finally, the algorithm is computationally asymmetric, pairing a very fast decoder with an encoder that can be as computationally intensive as required. The performance of the algorithm is comparable with current coders at low bitrates.

关键词： progressive image coding scalable image coding wavelets deterministic rate-distortion

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On RD optimized progressive image coding using JPEG

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON image PROCESSING 1999年第11期8卷 1630-1638页

作者： In, JH Shirani, S Kossentini, F Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Among the many different modes of operations allowed in the current JPEG standard, the sequential and progressive modes are the most widely used. While the sequential JPEG mode yields essentially the same level of compression performance for most encoder essentially the same implementations, the performance of progressive JPEG depends highly upon the designed encoder structure. This is due to the flexibility the standard leaves open in designing progressive JPEG encoders. In this work, a rate-distortion optimized JPEG compliant progressive encoder is presented that produces a sequence of scans, ordered in terms of decreasing importance, Our encoder outperforms an optimized sequential JPEG encoder in terms of compression efficiency, substantially at low and high bit rates. Moreover, unlike existing JPEG compliant encoders, our encoder can achieve precise rate/distortion control. Substantially better compression performance and precise rate control, provided by our progressive JPEG compliant encoding algorithm, are two highly desired features currently sought for the emerging JPEG-2000 standard.

关键词： JPEG progressive image coding progressive JPEG rate control spectral selection successive approximation

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progressive medical image coding using binary wavelet transforms

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SIGNAL image AND VIDEO PROCESSING 2014年第5期8卷 883-899页

作者： Kanumuri, Tirupathiraju Dewal, M. L. Anand, R. S. Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India

In this paper, a new algorithm for progressive medical image coding is presented. An 8-bit gray scale image is divided into eight binary bit-planes, and then, binary wavelet transform is performed on each bit-plane to extract the three-level multi-resolution binary wavelet transformed images. Starting from the most significant bit-plane, each bit-plane is encoded using quadtree-based partitioning scheme to exploit the energy concentration in the high-frequency subbands. Experiments are conducted on ultrasound, MRI and CT images to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results show a significant improvement in terms of bit-rate for the required peak signal-to-noise ratio and correlation coefficient as compared to the existing state-of-art progressive image coding methods.

关键词： Binary wavelet transforms (BWT) progressive image coding Medical image compression

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progressive trellis-coded space-frequency quantization for wavelet image coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2002年第7期12卷 587-591页

作者： Seigneurbieux, P Xiong, ZX Texas A&M Univ Dept Elect Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA

This paper addresses progressive wavelet image coding within the trellis-coded space-frequency quantization (TCSFQ) framework [1]. A method similar to that in [2] is used to approximately invert TCSFQ when decoding at rates lower than the encoding rate. Our experiments show that the loss incurred for progressive transmission is within I dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio and that the progressive coding performance of TCSFQ is competitive with that of the celebrated SPIHT coder [3] at all rates.

关键词： progressive image coding space-frequency quantization trellis-coded quantization wavelet image coding

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A fast trellis-based rate-allocation algorithm for robust transmission of progressively coded images over noisy channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2006年第1期54卷 1-6页

作者： Pan, X Banihashemi, AH Cuhadar, A Carleton Univ Dept Syst & Comp Engn Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada

We propose a fast trellis-based rate-allocation algorithm for robust transmission of progressively coded images over noisy channels. The algorithm, which is an improved version of a similar algorithm by Banister et al., is based on the application of the Viterbi algorithm to a search trellis. This trellis is a substantially trimmed version of the one used by Banister et al.. The proposed algorithm is applied to images encoded by the set partitioning in hierarchical trees and the Joint Photographers Expert Group 2000 for transmission over binary symmetric channels. For different total bit budgets and channel parameters, speed-up factors of up to about three orders of magnitude are achieved.

关键词： combined source/channel coding Joint Photographers Expert Group (JPEG) 2000 joint source/channel coding progressive image coding rate-allocation algorithm set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) trellis unequal error protection (UEP) Viterbi algorithm (VA)

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A novel hardware-efficient spatial orientation tree-based image compression algorithm and its field programmable gate array implementation

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TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2019年第5期27卷 3823-3836页

作者： Lone, Mohd Rafi Hakim, Najeeb-ud-Din Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect & Commun Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir India

Set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) has become a popular research topic for more than a decade now. This is because it is simple, besides having compression efficiency close to the state-of-the-art JPEG2000 standard. The main drawback of SPIHT is that it uses three lists to store addresses of coefficients during its operation. These lists are dynamic and in worst cases need to store more number of addresses than total coefficients. In this work, a novel hardware-efficient spatial orientation tree-based algorithm is proposed and its hardware implementation is carried out. The wavelet transformed image is partitioned into 2 x 2 blocks. Each node of spatial orientation tree (SOT) represent a block of coefficients, rather than a single coefficient. Two small state-tables are used in this algorithm to store the status of each block. In addition to this, two extremely small lists are used to store the node addresses of a single SOT tree. To store the state-tables and lists for 512 x 512 image, only 0.88% of the memory needed by SPIHT is required for five levels of dyadic decomposition. The peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) gain of 0.1 dB to 0.3 dB at low bit rates (below 1 bpp) and 0.6 dB to 1.2 dB at high bit rates (above 1.75 bpp) in comparison to SPIHT is observed for test image Lena. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation targeted for Xilinx Zynq Z-7020 is presented in the paper. The proposed architecture saves 90% of the FPGA area used by SPIHT. The hardware efficiency of the proposed architecture is better in comparison to different existing architectures.

关键词： image compression set partitioning in hierarchical trees discrete wavelet transform progressive image coding spatial orientation tree

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image quality evaluation based on recognition times for fast image browsing applications

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2002年第3期4卷 320-331页

作者： Schilling, D Cosman, PC Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

Mean squared error (mse) and peak signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) are the most common methods for measuring the quality of compressed images, despite the fact that their inadequacies have long been recognized. Quality for compressed still images is sometimes evaluated using human observers who provide subjective ratings of the images. Both SNR and subjective quality judgments, however, may be inappropriate for evaluating progressive compression methods which are to be used for fast browsing applications. In this paper, we present a novel experimental and statistical framework for comparing progressive coders. The comparisons use response time studies in which human observers view a series of progressive transmissions, and respond to questions about the images as they become recognizable. We describe the framework and use it to compare several well-known algorithms [JPEG, set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT), and embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW)], and to show that a multiresolution decoding is recognized faster than a single large-scale decoding. Our experiments also show that, for the particular algorithms used, at the same PSNR, global blurriness slows down recognition more than do localized "splotch" artifacts.

关键词： human image recognition image quality evaluation multiresolution coding progressive image coding wavelet zerotree coding

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