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Identifying Elementary Reaction Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Mechanisms Using pseudorandom binary sequence-Induced Transients

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ACS CATALYSIS 2025年第3期15卷 2677-2689页

作者： Wang, Ran Weber, Zayne Janik, Michael J. Rioux, Robert M. Armaou, Antonios Penn State Univ Dept Chem Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ Dept Chem University Pk PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ Dept Mech Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA Univ Patras Dept Chem Engn Patras 26504 Greece

The accurate identification of parameters in microkinetic models is crucial for gaining insights into reaction networks and species surface coverages. This paper explores the improved parameter identifiability achievable through transient kinetic studies compared to steady-state kinetic studies. By utilizing synthetic reactor performance data, we investigate and contrast parameter identifiability using two criteria: the deviation between fitted parameters' estimates and their preset values, and confidence intervals of the fitted parameters. To enhance practical identifiability, a pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) of pulses in the feed concentration of the reactant species is applied to induce transient behavior. Our findings reveal that a finely tuned transient kinetic study outperforms a steady-state study in accurately identifying microkinetic model parameters. Additionally, we demonstrate that the use of PRBS yields more accurate parameter identification compared to the widely used single-step inlet, thereby achieving better practical parameter identifiability. The paper also explores the impact of rate-limiting steps in the microkinetic model and study conditions (including pulse features, sampling time and noise) on the performance of the proposed investigation process toward kinetic parameter identification.

关键词： microkinetic model transient kinetic study pseudorandom binary sequence practical identifiability kinetic constant identification

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Design of pseudorandom binary sequence generator using lithium-niobate-based Mach-Zehnder interferometers

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2017年第5期56卷

作者： Choudhary, Kuldeep Kumar, Santosh DIT Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Photon Lab Dehra Dun Uttarakhand India

The application of electro-optic effect in lithium-niobate-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer to design a 3-bit optical pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) generator has been proposed, which is characterized by its simplicity of generation and stability. The proposed device is optoelectronic in nature. The PBRS generator is immensely applicable for pattern generation, encryption, and coding applications in optical networks. The study is carried out by simulating the proposed device with beam propagation method. (C) 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

关键词： Electro-optic effect Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical networks pseudorandom binary sequence

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Impact of the Spectral Linewidth of a pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS)-Modulated Laser on Stimulated Brillouin Scattering and Beam Quality

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CURRENT OPTICS AND PHOTONICS 2023年第6期7卷 665-672页

作者： Jung, Aeri Song, Sanggwon Lee, Kwang Hyun Lee, Jung Hwan Oh, Kyunghwan Yonsei Univ Dept Phys Seoul 03722 South Korea Agcy Def Dev Daejeon 34186 South Korea

This study focuses on investigating the impact of the spectral linewidth of a seed laser in a master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration on stimulated Brillouin scattering and the beam quality of the output diffracted by a grating. To conduct the study, a distributed feedback (DFB) laser is modulated in a pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) and amplified by a two-stage Yb-doped fiber amplifier to achieve an output power of over 1 kW. The spectral linewidth of the seed laser is systematically varied from 1 to 12 GHz in the frequency domain by varying the PRBS modulation parameters. The experimental results reveal a tradeoff between suppressing stimulated Brillouin scattering and enhancing beam quality with increased spectral linewidth. Therefore, the study provides valuable insights into optimizing spectral beam combining to achieve high beam quality and scalable power upgrade in fiber lasers.

关键词： Fiber laser Linewidth pseudorandom binary sequence Spectral beam combining Stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Length of pseudorandom binary sequence Required to Train Artificial Neural Network Without Overfitting

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 125358-125365页

作者： Kim, Jongwan Kim, Hoon Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST Sch Elect Engn Daejeon 34141 South Korea

The artificial neural network (ANN) has been applied to the various fields due to its capability to process complicated nonlinear functions involving a large amount of data. A pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) is commonly used to train the ANN since the PRBS is easily generated by using a linear feedback shift register and has a correlation function which is peaked at zero delay but is almost zero at other delays. However, when the PRBS length is not sufficiently long (compared to the input size of the ANN), the ANN trained by the PRBS could suffer from the overfitting where the ANN describes the behavior of the training sequence very well, but does poorly on new data inputs. In this paper, we provide a minimum length of the PRBS required by the ANN to avoid the overfitting for a given input size of the ANN. For this purpose, we analyze the minimum length of the input sequence required to estimate the PRBS pattern through theoretical study. These analyses are confirmed by numerical simulation. The findings of this paper would be used to select the PRBS length for training the ANN.

关键词： Artificial neural networks Training Indexes Optical distortion Equalizers Optical fiber networks Optical transmitters pseudorandom binary sequence artificial neural network equalizer overfitting

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EFFECT OF BETA-ADRENERGIC-BLOCKADE ON VO2 KINETICS DURING pseudorandom binary sequence EXERCISE

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 1990年第5期60卷 365-369页

作者： KOWALCHUK, JM HUGHSON, RL UNIV WATERLOO DEPT KINESIOL WATERLOO N2L 3G1 ONTARIO CANADA

The effect of .beta.-adrenergic blockade on the dynamic response characteristics of oxygen uptake (.***2) was examined in seven healthy men. Cycle ergometer exercise consisted of a pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) with 15 units per sequence, each unit lasting 15 s, for a total period of 225 s. Work rate was eithe 25 W or 125 W. Six identical sequences were performed continuously in a single exercise test. Each subject was studied on three occasions after 48 h treatment of placebo (CON);a nonselective .beta.-blocker, propranolol (PROP);and a .beta.1-selective blocker, metoprolol (MET). .***2 was measured breath-by-breath. The data were analyzed in the frequency domain by Fourier analysis to yield amplitude and phase shift coefficients for the relationships between the input work rate and output .***2. Time domain analysis was performed on the cross-correlational analysis of .***2 (output) .cntdot. work rate (input) to determine the total lag time. The amplitude of the .***2 .cntdot. W-1 relationship was lower (P < 0.0022) and the phase shift was greater (P < 0.0039) with .beta.-blockade compared to CON;no differences were found between PROP and MET. The total lag time was longer (P < 0.0053) in PROP (34.3 .+-. 2.2 s) and MET (34.4 .+-. 1.6 s) compared to CON (29.8 .+-. 1.3 s). These data indicate the .beta.-adrenergic blockade causes a significant slowing a kinetics of the O2 transport system as determined by both frequency and time domain analysis. In addition, the PRBS exercise test in a sensitive indicator of change in function of the O2 transport system.

关键词： β-Blockade Frequency analysis Oxygen transport pseudorandom binary sequence {Mathematical expression} kinetics

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Measurement of temporal frequency characteristics of VEP using pseudorandom binary sequence and their correlation with cerebral flood flow in human visual cortex.

Measurement of temporal frequency characteristics of VEP usi...

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International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society

作者： Momose, K Kimura, Y Kiyosawa, M Senda, M Komiya, K Kanagawa Inst Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Atsugi Kanagawa 24302 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780342623

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (S-VEP) have been used to derive temporal frequency characteristics, which are effective in detecting sensitivity loss for high frequency stimuli in early glaucoma. However, this method requires independent measurements of VEP for various frequencies. In this study, an improved technique using pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) stimulation to elicit VEP (PRBS-VEP) was proposed and compared with S-VEP. Regional cerebral blood now (CBF) was also measured with positron emission tomography, and its response to stimulation was compared with the VEP. Results showed that PRBS-VEP yielded temporal frequency characteristics similar to those obtained by S-VEP, but in a much shorter time. Furthermore, CBF response in the primary visual cortex was well correlated with the VEP amplitude, suggesting that VEP originate in the primary visual cortex. Keywords: VEP, pseudorandom binary sequence, temporal frequency characteristics, cerebral blood now, positron emission tomography.

关键词： VEP pseudorandom binary sequence temporal frequency characteristics cerebral blood flow positron emission tomography

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Embedded RSFQ pseudorandom binary sequence Generator for Multichannel High-Speed Digital Data Link Testing and Synchronization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 2017年第4期27卷

作者： Lehmann, A. Erik Filippov, Timur V. Sarwana, Saad M. Kirichenko, Dmitri E. Dotsenko, Vladimir V. Sahu, Anubhav Gupta, Deepnarayan Hypres Inc 175 Clearbrook Rd Elmsford NY 10523 USA

As the digital data links for superconducting circuits advance and higher data throughput per channel becomes possible, timing margins shrink and data integrity becomes a major challenge. Particular interest for multichannel applications is establishing the high-quality data link to interface with subsequent electronics. In this paper, we focus on integration of an on-chip pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) generator into a superconducting analog-to-digital converter (ADC) design to facilitate link stability evaluation and automated interchannel synchronization. PRBS generator and the ADC use a common clock source. An on-chip deserializer/ demux, which includes the output drivers, is driven by a set of data sources depending on switch selections on-chip. The outputs are connected to a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) at room temperature, which hosts the developed interface circuitry for data reception, data integrity evaluation, and the synchronization mechanism. The integrated circuit (IC) that combines ADC and PRBS7 generator circuit was designed for the HYPRES 4.5 kA/ cm(2) four-layer standard fabrication process and features four deserialized outputs. A second similar IC was designed comprising an ADC frontend as well as a PRBS15 generator and was fabricated in the MIT-LL 10 kA/ cm(2) process. The implemented alignment engine that bonds the individual channels into a single data link was proven up to 10 Gbps while taking 1-2 mu s to complete the alignment. We built chip-to-FPGA data links, comprising the on-chip driver and room-temperature interface amplifier, up to 14 Gbps using FPGA serial-link GTY transceiver. Successful data transport from an ADC using multiple parallel data links to an FPGA upon completion of the channel bonding was demonstrated.

关键词： ADC digital receiver direct digitization field programmable gate arrays digital radio data link channel bonding pseudorandom binary sequence RSFQ

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64-GHz Operation of the pseudorandom binary sequence Generator Using the Dual RSFQ/ERSFQ Standard Cell Library

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 2023年第7期33卷

作者： Inamdar, Amol Ravi, Jushya Habib, Mustapha Meher, Sukanya S. S. Sahu, Anubhav Gupta, Deepnarayan HYPRES Inc Elmsford NY 10523 USA AMD Fishkill NY 12524 USA Synopsys Inc Hyderabad 500081 India

A pseudorandom binary sequence of 7-bit word length (PRBS-7) generator has been designed as a low complexity circuit to validate the dual RSFQ/ERSFQ standard cell library, the circuit simulation methodology using process corners and Monte-Carlo statistical variations, as well as the digital design methodology using Verilog simulations with load-dependent timing back-annotation. The PRBS-7 design was optimized across multiple process corners with Monte-Carlo circuit simulations by incorporating statistical variations of the process parameters. To validate the digital design flow, the PRBS-7 was simulated using the Verilog behavioral descriptions of library cells. Using Liberty files for different global bias current (XI) process corners, the margins obtained from digital simulation were compared with circuit simulations. A 5 mm x 5 mm chip, incorporating both the RSFQ and ERSFQ variant of the PRBS-7, was fabricated in the MIT-LL 100 mu A/mu m(2) SFQ5ee fab node. The RSFQ variant of the PRBS-7 has been successfully tested up to 64.77-GHz clock frequency, and the ERSFQ variant up to 45.72-GHz clock frequency. In addition, we have analyzed the model-to-hardware correlation for RSFQ PRBS-7 for different clock frequencies. The simulations account for two process parameters, critical current density (J(c)), and sheet resistance (R-s).

关键词： Advanced design flow cell library ERSFQ feeding JTL pseudorandom binary sequence RSFQ

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A note on certain modular constructions of pseudorandom binary sequences with composite moduli

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PERIODICA MATHEMATICA HUNGARICA 2013年第2期67卷 175-185页

作者： Liu, Huaning Gao, Jing NW Univ Xian Dept Math Xian 710069 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Dept Math Sci Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

J. Rivat and A. Sarkozy extended two large families of pseudorandom binary sequences to the case of composite moduli m, where m is the product of two different primes not far apart. In this paper we continue the study... 详细信息

关键词： pseudorandom binary sequence composite moduli correlation

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GOWERS UNIFORMITY NORM AND pseudorandom MEASURES OF THE pseudorandom binary sequenceS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY 2011年第5期7卷 1279-1302页

作者： Liu, Huaning Northwest Univ Dept Math Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China

Recently there has been much progress in the study of arithmetic progressions. An important tool in these developments is the Gowers uniformity norm. In this paper we study the Gowers norm for pseudorandom binary sequences, and establish some connections between these two subjects. Some examples are given to show that the "good" pseudorandom sequences have small Gowers norm. Furthermore, we introduce two large families of pseudorandom binary sequences constructed by the multiplicative inverse and additive character, and study the pseudorandom measures and the Gowers norm of these sequences by using the estimates of exponential sums and properties of the Vandermonde determinant. Our constructions are superior to the previous ones from some points of view.

关键词： Gowers uniformity norm pseudorandom binary sequence character sum exponential sum Vandermonde determinant

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