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13th International Symposium on Neural Networks (ISNN)

作者： Kiselev, Mikhail V. Chuvash State Univ Cheboksary Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319406633;9783319406626

This study is an attempt to answer the question - what kind of spiking neural networks could efficiently transform rate-coded input signal into temporally coded form - specific activity of neuronal groups with strictly fixed temporal delays between spikes emitted by different neurons in every group. Since theoretical approach to the solution of this problem appears to be very hard or impossible the network configurations performing this task efficiently were found by means of genetic algorithm. Exploration of their structure showed that while excitatory neurons form the groups with stereotypical firing patterns, the inhibitory neurons of the network make these patterns specific for different rate-coded stimuli and, thus, play the key role in conversion of rate-coded input signal to temporal code.

关键词： Spiking neural network rate code Temporal code Polychronization Chaotic neural network Neural network self-organization

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A minimum-error, energy-constrained neural encoder predicts an instantaneous spike-rate code

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BMC Neuroscience 2015年第1期16卷 1-2页

作者： Erik C Johnson Douglas L Jones Rama Ratnam Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Advanced Digital Sciences Center Illinois at Singapore Pte. Ltd. Singapore

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rate coding of spike-timing dependent plasticity: Activity-variation-timing dependent plasticity (AVTDP)

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NEUROCOMPUTING 2009年第4-6期72卷 1361-1368页

作者： Lee, Kyoobin Kwon, Dong-Soo Korea Inst Sci & Technol Ctr Neural Sci Seoul 136791 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Mech Engn Taejon 305701 South Korea

This paper presents a rate coded synaptic plasticity rule that has temporal characteristics of spike-timing dependent plasticity: Activity-variation-timing dependent plasticity (AVTDP). In AVTDP, the synaptic plasticity depends on the timings when the neuronal activities change as the spike timings are important in spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). The proposed equation has a simple form derived from a plain physical meaning. Detailed plasticity mechanisms can be interpreted through a graphical method. A series of simulations are conducted to show that AVTDP has the timing dependent characteristics of STDP. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： rate code Spike-timing dependent plasticity

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Multiuser ML sequence estimator for convolutionally coded asynchronous DS-CDMA systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 1996年第8期44卷 997-1008页

作者： Giallorenzi, TR Wilson, SG UNIV VIRGINIA DEPT ELECT ENGN CHARLOTTESVILLE VA 22901 USA

The optimal multiuser sequence estimator is formulated for an asynchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system where each user employs convolutional coding to improve its performance on a nondispersive additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, It is shown that the decoder may be implemented efficiently using a Viterbi algorithm which operates on a time-varying trellis with a number of states which is exponential in the product of the number of users in the system and the constraint length of the codes used (for the rate 1/2 code case), The asymptotic efficiency of this receiver relative to an uncoded coherent binary phase shift keying (BPSK) receiver (termed asymptotic multiuser coding gain, or AMCG) is then upper and lower bounded, The AMCG parameter unifies the asymptotic coding gain parameter and the asymptotic multiuser efficiency parameter which are traditional figure of merit parameters for single-user coded systems and multiuser uncoded systems, respectively, Finally, some simulations are presented to illustrate the performance of the maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE) at moderate and low bit error rates.

关键词： .CDMA systems rate code MLSE coding gain asymptotic multiuser multiuser receivers Sequence Estimator coded Asynchronous DS-CDMA AMCG

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Role of hyperpolarization-activated conductances in the auditory brainstem

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NEUROCOMPUTING 2004年 58卷 401-407页

作者： Szalisznyó, K Zalányi, L KRKI Res Inst Particle Dept Biophys H-1525 Budapest Hungary Hungarian Acad Sci H-1525 Budapest Hungary

This study examines the possible functional role of two hyperpolarization-activated conductances in the interaural intensity difference detector lateral superior olive (LSO). Inputs of these neurons are transformed into an output, which provides a firing-rate code for a certain interaural intensity difference range. The I-h conductance's effect is partly masked by the inwardly rectifying outward K+ current's effect. Since resting potential, input resistance, membrane time constant, as well as synaptic release probability are all affected by the pharmacological agents used in vitro experiments, it is not easy to dissect out the role of these conductances. We therefore used computer simulations to investigate this issue. The interplay between the two hyperpolarization-activated conductances, first-spike latency, f-I function, input resistance and the width of the dynamic firing regime were examined. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： hyperpolarization-activated currents LSO rate code width of dynamic regime

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Role of hyperpolarization-activated conductances in the lateral superior olive:: A modeling study

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE 2006年第2期20卷 137-152页

作者： Szalisznyo, Krisztina Hungarian Acad Sci KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys Dept BiophysComputat Neurosci Grp H-1525 Budapest Hungary

This modeling study examines the possible functional roles of two hyperpolarization-activated conductances in lateral superior olive (LSO) principal neurons. Inputs of these LSO neurons are transformed into an output, which provides a firing-rate code for a certain interaural sound intensity difference (IID) range. Recent experimental studies have found pharmacological evidence for the presence of both the G(h) conductance as well as the inwardly rectifying outward G(KIR) conductance in the LSO. We addressed the question of how these conductances influence the dynamic range (IID versus firing rate). We used computer simulations of both a point-neuron model and a two-compartmental model to investigate this issue, and to determine the role of these conductances in setting the dynamic range of these neurons. The width of the dynamic regime, the frequency-current (f-I) function, first-spike latency, subthreshold oscillations and the interplay between the two hyperpolarization activated conductances are discussed in detail. The in vivo non-monotonic IID-firing rate function in a subpopulation of LSO neurons is in good correspondence with our simulation predictions. Two compartmental model simulation results suggest segregation of Gh and GKIR conductances on different compartments, as this spatial configuration could explain certain experimental results.

关键词： hyperpolarization activated currents IhIKIR LSO interaural sound intensity difference rate code dynamic width type I neuron type II neuron

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Visual responses of crayfish ocular motoneurons: An information theoretical analysis

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE 2003年第2期15卷 247-269页

作者： Miller, CS Johnson, DH Schroeter, JP Myint, L Glantz, RM Rice Univ Dept Biochem & Cell Biol Houston TX 77005 USA Rice Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Houston TX 77005 USA

Motoneuron responses were elicited by global visual motion and stepwise displacements of an illuminated stripe. Stimulus protocols were identical to those used in previous behavioral studies of compensatory eyestalk reflexes. The firing rates and directional selectivity of the motoneuron responses were measured with respect to four stimulus dimensions (spatial frequency, contrast, angular displacement and velocity). The directional selectivity of the motoneuron response was correlated to the previously measured gain of the reflex for each stimulus dimension. The information theoretical analysis is based upon Kullback-Leibler (K-L) distances which measure the dissimilarity of responses to different stimuli. K-L distances for single neurons are strongly influenced by the mean rate difference of the responses to any pair of stimuli. Because of redundancy, the joint K-L distances of pairs of neurons were less than the sum of the K-L distances of the individual neurons. Furthermore, the joint K-L distances were only weakly influenced by correlations among coactivated neurons. For most of the stimulus dimensions, the K-L distances of single motoneurons were not sufficient to account for the stimulus discriminations exhibited by the eyestalk reflex which typically required the summed output of 2 to 5 motoneurons. Thus the behaviorally relevant information is encoded in the motoneuron ensemble. The minimum time required to discriminate the direction of motion (the encoding window) for a single motoneuron is about 380 to 480 ms (including a 175 ms response latency) for stepwise displacements and up to 1.0 s for global motion. During this period a motoneuron fires 2 to 3 impulses.

关键词： optomotor Kullback-Leibler rate code correlation encoding window reflex vision

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Embedded ensemble encoding hypothesis: The role of the "Prepared" cell

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JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH 2018年第9期96卷 1543-1559页

作者： Antic, Srdjan D. Hines, Michael Lytton, William W. UConn Hlth Stem Cell Inst Inst Syst Genom Dept Neurosci Farmington CT 06030 USA Yale Sch Med Dept Neurosci New Haven CT USA Suny Downstate Med Ctr Physiol & Pharmacol Neurol Biomed Engn Brooklyn NY 11203 USA Kings Cty Hosp Dept Neurol Brooklyn NY USA

We here reconsider current theories of neural ensembles in the context of recent discoveries about neuronal dendritic physiology. The key physiological observation is that the dendritic plateau potential produces sustained depolarization of the cell body (amplitude 10-20 mV, duration 200-500 ms). Our central hypothesis is that synaptically-evoked dendritic plateau potentials lead to a prepared state of a neuron that favors spike generation. The plateau both depolarizes the cell toward spike threshold, and provides faster response to inputs through a shortened membrane time constant. As a result, the speed of synaptic-to-action potential (AP) transfer is faster during the plateau phase. Our hypothesis relates the changes from resting to depolarized neuronal state to changes in ensemble dynamics and in network information flow. The plateau provides the Prepared state (sustained depolarization of the cell body) with a time window of 200-500 ms. During this time, a neuron can tune into ongoing network activity and synchronize spiking with other neurons to provide a coordinated Active state (robust firing of somatic APs), which would permit binding of signals through coordination of neural activity across a population. The transient Active ensemble of neurons is embedded in the longer-lasting Prepared ensemble of neurons. We hypothesize that embedded ensemble encoding may be an important organizing principle in networks of neurons.

关键词： binding dendritic glutamate plateau potential rate code UP state

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NeuroXidence: reliable and efficient analysis of an excess or deficiency of joint-spike events

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE 2008年第1期25卷 64-88页

作者： Pipa, Gordon Wheeler, Diek W. Singer, Wolf Nikolic, Danko Max Planck Inst Brain Res Dept Neurophysiol D-60528 Frankfurt Germany Goethe Univ Frankfurt Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies D-60438 Frankfurt Germany

We present a non-parametric and computationally efficient method named NeuroXidence that detects coordinated firing of two or more neurons and tests whether the observed level of coordinated firing is significantly different from that expected by chance. The method considers the full auto-structure of the data, including the changes in the rate responses and the history dependencies in the spiking activity. Also, the method accounts for trial-by-trial variability in the dataset, such as the variability of the rate responses and their latencies. NeuroXidence can be applied to short data windows lasting only tens of milliseconds, which enables the tracking of transient neuronal states correlated to information processing. We demonstrate, on both simulated data and single-unit activity recorded in cat visual cortex, that NeuroXidence discriminates reliably between significant and spurious events that occur by chance.

关键词： coordinated firing temporal code rate code assembly hypothesis synchrony detection of joint-spike events cat visual cortex area 17 moving grating non-parametric and parametric significance estimation

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The neural circuitry supporting successful spatial navigation despite variable movement speeds

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NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS 2020年 108卷 821-833页

作者： Sheeran, William M. Ahmed, Omar J. Univ Michigan Dept Psychol 580 Union Dr Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Dept Biomed Engn Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Neurosci Grad Program Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Kresge Hearing Res Inst 1301 E Ann St Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Michigan Ctr Integrat Res Crit Care Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Colorado Sch Med Med Scientist Training Program Aurora CO 80045 USA

Ants who have successfully navigated the long distance between their foraging spot and their nest dozens of times will drastically overshoot their destination if the size of their legs is doubled by the addition of stilts. This observation reflects a navigational strategy called path integration, a strategy also utilized by mammals. Path integration necessitates that animals keep track of their movement speed and use it to precisely and instantly modify where they think they are and where they want to go. Here we review the neural circuitry that has evolved to integrate speed and space. We start with the rate and temporal codes for speed in the hippocampus and work backwards towards the motor and sensory systems. We highlight the need for experiments designed to differentiate the respective contributions of motor efference copy versus sensory inputs. In particular, we discuss the importance of high-resolution tracking of the latency of speed-encoding as a precise way to disentangle the sensory versus motor computations that enable successful spatial navigation at very different speeds.

关键词： Running speed Spatial navigation Learning & memory Brain rhythms Neural coding Temporal code rate code Hippocampus Entorhinal cortex Secondary motor cortex Medial septum Mesencephalic locomotor region

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