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reactive programming for Interactive Graphics

STATISTICAL SCIENCE 2014年第2期29卷 201-213页

作者： Xie, Yihui Hofmann, Heike Cheng, Xiaoyue Iowa State Univ Dept Stat Ames IA 50011 USA

One of the big challenges of developing interactive statistical applications is the management of the data pipeline, which controls transformations from data to plot. The user's interactions needs to be propagated through these modules and reflected in the output representation at a fast pace. Each individual module may be easy to develop and manage, but the dependency structure can be quite challenging. The MVC (Model/View/Controller) pattern is an attempt to solve the problem by separating the user's interaction from the representation of the data. In this paper we discuss the paradigm of reactive programming in the framework of the MVC architecture and show its applicability to interactive graphics. Under this paradigm, developers benefit from the separation of user interaction from the graphical representation, which makes it easier for users and developers to extend interactive applications. We show the central role of reactive data objects in an interactive graphics system, implemented as the R package cranvas, which is freely available on GitHub and the main developers include the authors of this paper.

关键词： reactive programming interactive graphics R language

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reactive programming on the Bare Metal: A Formal Model for a Low-Level reactive Virtual Machine 9

Reactive Programming on the Bare Metal: A Formal Model for a...

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6th International Workshop on reactive and Event-Based Languages and Systems (REBLS)

作者： Oeyen, Bjarno De Koster, Joeri De Meuter, Wolfgang Vrije Univ Brussel Brussels Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399111

reactive programming has many applications for embedded devices in IoT and other application domains. For these constrained devices it is crucial to bound the overhead of the execution of non-functional concerns such as glitch freedom. reactive programming languages with static dependency graphs can implement glitch freedom by topologically sorting the dependency graph ahead of time. However, for more traditional reactive programming languages that support a dependency graph that can dynamically change, glitch freedom is typically implemented using a priority queue in which signals are enqueued according to their location in the graph. This is undesirable for embedded devices, as dynamically updating this priority queue has an undesirable, and sometimes unbounded, overhead. In this paper, we present a small-step operational semantics of a virtual machine specialised for running reactive programs that combines static ahead-of-time compilation of reactive programs into topologically sorted dependancy graphs while maintaining support for dynamic modifications to those dependency graphs.

关键词： reactive programming Internet-of-Things Operational Semantics Memory Consumption

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reactive programming with reactive Variables 2016

Reactive Programming with Reactive Variables

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15th International Conference on Modularity (MODULARITY)

作者： Schuster, Christopher Flanagan, Cormac Univ Calif Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450340335

reactive programming enables declarative definitions of time-varying values (signals) and their dependencies in a way that changes are automatically propagated. In order to use reactive programming in an imperative object-oriented language, signals are usually modelled as objects. However, computations on primitive values then have to lifted to signals which usually involves a verbose notation. Moreover, it is important to avoid cycles in the dependency graph and glitches,both of which can result from changes to mutable global state during change propagation. This paper introduces reactive variables as extension to imperative languages. Changes to reactive variables are automatically propagated to other reactive variables but, in contrast to signals, reactive variables cannot be reified and used as values. Instead, references to reactive variables always denote their latest values. This enables computation without explicit lifting and limits the dependents of a reactive variable to the lexical scope of its declaration. The dependency graph is therefore topologically ordered and acyclic. Additionally, reactive updates are prevented from mutating global state to ensure consistency. We present a working prototype implementation in JavaScript based on the *** macro system and a formalism for integration with general imperative languages.

关键词： reactive programming Syntax Extension JavaScript

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reactive programming Extensions for Time-Sensitive IoT Applications 17

Reactive Programming Extensions for Time-Sensitive IoT Appli...

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17th Annual IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (IEEE DCOSS)

作者： Peros, Stefanos Hughes, Danny Katholieke Univ Leuven Imec DistriNet B-3001 Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781665439299

The Internet of Things (IoT) can transform any object into a smart thing by means of sensors that measure physical properties, which in turn send messages wirelessly over the Internet. Many IoT applications are time-sensitive, i.e. they react to events based on their time context, ranging from industrial control to mobility automation business cases. When sensor messages fail to arrive in a timely fashion, time-sensitive applications can react to timeouts by replacing missing measurements with predictions to maintain timely responses, albeit less accurate. To produce meaningful results, these applications combine measurements based on their time context;a challenging task since sensor messages can be late or lost due to the unreliability and varying delay of wireless IoT systems. Whereas timely measurements can be combined to obtain new results, late measurements can be used to recompute past results that were partially based on predictions, thus improving their accuracy over time. The reactive programming paradigm is a good fit for IoT application development, because reacting to events from data streams very well embodies the intuition behind sensors in a wireless sensor network. However, existing reacting programming frameworks offer limited support for reacting to events based on their time context, which remains a repetitive process that is tedious and error-prone, forcing developers to perform manual checks that result in cross-cutting code fragments. To fill this gap, this paper contributes a suite of programming language concepts to combine and operate on events based on their time context, with which we extend reactiveX, a state-of-the-art reactive programming framework. We evaluate our extensions by implementing a swarm robotics use case with and without them, and comparing the resulting programs in terms of code size. The results show that using our extensions decreases the resulting code size by 77.7%, thus simplifying the development of time-sensitive I

关键词： internet of things reactive programming time management time context

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reactive programming Collaborative Agents for Self-Managing Software Teams

Reactive Programming Collaborative Agents for Self-Managing ...

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International Computer Symposium (ICS)

作者： Hu, Wei-Chung Wei, Tzu-Tan Yang, Cheng-Feng Jiau, Hewijin Christine Natl Cheng Kung Univ Inst Comp & Commun Engn Tainan Taiwan Natl Cheng Kung Univ Dept Elect Engn Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509034383

In self-managing software teams, developers with complementary skills collaborate with each other to improve productivity and increase innovation. Due to nature of innovation, managers in these teams will acquire only summarized information from developers to avoid micromanagement. They will not plan fine-grained activities but leave responsibility and autonomy to self-managing developers. Developers discover collaboration opportunities from up-to-date assets and decide needed collaborative activities. To maintain effective and consistent collaboration, distributed knowledge of decision making from up-to-date assets must be captured and accumulated for these teams. This study proposes a method to distribute asset monitoring and decision making through reactive agents. reactive programming technique is used to collaborate reactive agents. These agents present asset changes as event streams and provide time-varying reactions to each other as a network. The network can automatically react to decisions made by every agent. Through this method, self-managing software teams build their reactive knowledge network which responds to asset changes instantly and reveals collaboration opportunities intelligently.

关键词： reactive programming Multi-Agents Knowledge Network Artificial Intelligence Computer Supported Collaborative Work Self-Managing Teams

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reactive programming with Swift 4 1

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2018年

作者： Navdeep Singh

ISBN: (数字)9781787128781

ISBN: (纸本)9781787120211

Learn how to solve blocking user experience and build event based reactive applications with Swift. Key Features Build fast and scalable apps with RxSwift Apply reactive programming to solve complex problems and build efficient programs with reactive user interfaces Take expressiveness, scalability, and maintainability of your Swift code to the next level with this practical guide Book Description RxSwift belongs to a large family of Rx implementations in different programming languages that share almost identical syntax and semantics. reactive approach will help you to write clean, cohesive, resilient, scalable, and maintainable code with highly configurable behavior. This book will introduce you to the world of reactive programming, primarily focusing on mobile platforms. It will tell how you can benefit from using RxSwift in your projects, existing or new. Further on, the book will demonstrate the unbelievable ease of configuring asynchronous behavior and other aspects of the app that are traditionally considered to be hard to implement and maintain. It will explain what Rx is made of, and how to switch to reactive way of thinking to get the most out of it. Also, test production code using RxTest and the red/ green approach. Finally, the book will dive into real-world recipes and show you how to build a real-world app by applying the reactive paradigm. By the end of the book, you'll be able to build a reactive swift application by leveraging all the concepts this book takes you through. What you will learn Understand the practical benefits of Rx on a mobile platform Explore the building blocks of Rx, and Rx data flows with marble diagrams Learn how to convert an existing code base into RxSwift code base Learn how to debug and test your Rx Code Work with Playgrounds to transform sequences by filtering them using map, flatmap and other operators Learn how to combine different operators to work with Events in a more controlled manner. Discover RxCocoa and convert yo

关键词： FRP RxSwift reactive programming Swift 3.0 iOS 10

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A Survey on reactive programming

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ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS 2013年第4期45卷 1–34页

作者： Bainomugisha, Engineer Carreton, Andoni Lombide Van Cutsem, Tom Mostinckx, Stijn De Meuter, Wolfgang Vrije Univ Brussel Software Languages Lab B-1050 Brussels Belgium

reactive programming has recently gained popularity as a paradigm that is well-suited for developing event-driven and interactive applications. It facilitates the development of such applications by providing abstractions to express time-varying values and automatically managing dependencies between such values. A number of approaches have been recently proposed embedded in various languages such as Haskell, Scheme, JavaScript, Java,. NET, etc. This survey describes and provides a taxonomy of existing reactive programming approaches along six axes: representation of time-varying values, evaluation model, lifting operations, multidirectionality, glitch avoidance, and support for distribution. From this taxonomy, we observe that there are still open challenges in the field of reactive programming. For instance, multidirectionality is supported only by a small number of languages, which do not automatically track dependencies between time-varying values. Similarly, glitch avoidance, which is subtle in reactive programs, cannot be ensured in distributed reactive programs using the current techniques.

关键词： Design Languages reactive programming interactive applications event-driven applications dataflow programming functional reactive programming reactive systems

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reactive programming IN IOS APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

REACTIVE PROGRAMMING IN IOS APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

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作者： MATTI MAATTA Tampere University of Technology

学位级别：硕士

Today's mobile applications are highly interactive, which means the applications must react to various events originating from the applications or their outside en- vironment. The use of conventional sequential programming approaches, such as callbacks, make these applications difficult to implement, because having to manu- ally orchestrate asynchronous tasks leads to programs that are complex, error-prone and hard to maintain. reactive programming paradigm is proposed to be a more suitable approach to implement these applications. This master's thesis examines how a reactive extension library is used to implement an iOS application utilising the reactive programming paradigm. The research is done by implementing an iOS application utilising the paradigm, and by evaluating the implementation to describe the benefits and problems of reactive programming. The benefits of reactive programming are reduced program complexity when com- pared to the use of callbacks, the ability to express application logic declaratively by chaining observable sequences with operators, and data-binding enabled by reactive extensions. The problems are strong reference cycles and compiler type inference errors in the Swift programming language caused by a few common patterns, and maintainability concerns related to the complexity of the reactive extension model and its implementation differences in other programming languages.

关键词： reactive programming reactive extensions Rx iOS Swift

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Fault Tolerant Functional reactive programming (Functional Pearl)

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON programming LANGUAGES-PACMPL 2018年第ICFP期2卷 1–30页

作者： Perez, Ivan Natl Inst Aerosp Hampton VA 23666 USA

Highly critical application domains, like medicine and aerospace, require the use of strict design, implementation and validation techniques. Functional languages have been used in these domains to develop synchronous dataflow programming languages for reactive systems. Causal stream functions and Functional reactive programming capture the essence of those languages in a way that is both elegant and robust. To guarantee that critical systems can operate under high stress over long periods of time, these applications require clear specifications of possible faults and hazards, and how they are being handled. Modeling failure is straightforward in functional languages, and many Functional reactive abstractions incorporate support for failure or termination. However, handling unknown types of faults, and incorporating fault tolerance into Functional reactive programming, requires a different construction and remains an open problem. This work presents extensions to an existing functional reactive abstraction to facilitate tagging reactive transformations with hazard tags or confidence levels. We present a prototype framework to quantify the reliability of a reactive construction, by means of numeric factors or probability distributions, and demonstrate how to aid the design of fault-tolerant systems, by constraining the allowed reliability to required boundaries. By applying type-level programming, we show that it is possible to improve static analysis and have compile-time guarantees of key aspects of fault tolerance. Our approach is powerful enough to be used in systems with realistic complexity, and flexible enough to be used to guide their analysis and design, to test system properties, to verify fault tolerance properties, to perform runtime monitoring, to implement fault tolerance during execution and to address faults during runtime. We present implementations in Haskell and in Idris.

关键词： fault tolerance functional reactive programming stream programming streams reactive programming monads monad transformers dependent types

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Thread-Safe reactive programming

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON programming LANGUAGES-PACMPL 2018年第OOPSLA期2卷 1–30页

作者： Drechsler, Joscha Mogk, Ragnar Salvaneschi, Guido Mezini, Mira Tech Univ Darmstadt Informat Hsch Str 10 D-64289 Darmstadt Hessen Germany

The execution of an application written in a reactive language involves transfer of data and control flow between imperative and reactive abstractions at well-defined points. In a multi-threaded environment, multiple such interactions may execute concurrently, potentially causing data races and event ordering ambiguities. Existing RP languages either disable multi-threading or handle it at the cost of reducing expressiveness or weakening consistency. This paper proposes a model for thread-safe reactive programming (RP) that ensures abort-free strict *** under concurrency while sacrificing neither expressiveness nor consistency. We also propose an architecture for integrating a corresponding scheduler into the RP language runtime, such that thread-safety is provided "out-of-the-box" to the applications. We show the feasibility of our proposal by providing and evaluating a ready-to-use implementation integrated into the REScala programming language. The scheduling algorithm is formally proven correct. A thorough empirical evaluation shows that reactive applications build on top of it scale with multiple threads, while the scheduler incurs acceptable performance overhead in a single-threaded configuration. The scalability enabled by our scheduler is roughly on-par with that of hand-crafted application-specific locking and better than the scalability enabled by a scheduler using an off-the-shelf software transactional memory library.

关键词： reactive programming Concurrency Transactions

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