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Conference on Hybrid Image and Signal Processing VIII

作者： Lee, JH Lee, G Yoon, S N Carolina State Univ Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444855

In this paper, we present a region-based scalable coding technique that can be used in interactive image/video communications. This method has a capability of near lossless coding for a specific region of interest (ROI), while the rest of the region is coded with high quality lossy codec. There are many potential applications of the region-based scalable video coding method in the areas of interactive communications such as storm tracking, wild fire and air traffic monitoring using satellite still images and near real time video sequences. It enables the server/client system to reduce data traffic across the networks while the quality of a specific area of interest chosen for each client's needs is still satisfied. We tested this technique by applying it to still images and traffic monitoring image sequences. The results consistently show high level of performance.

关键词： scalable coding region of interest wavelets

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Embedded system implementation of scalable and object-based video coding

Embedded system implementation of scalable and object-based ...

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5th International Forum on Multimedia, Image Processing/9th International Symposium on Manufacturing and Application held at the 6th Biannual World Automation Congress

作者： Onoye, T Tsutsui, H Fujita, G Nakamura, Y Shirakawa, I Osaka Univ Suita Osaka 565 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)188933524X

Embedded system architecture, which call be used for scalable and object-based video coding, is discussed in this paper. As for scalable video coding, namely JPEG2000, design framework for system architecture is Constructed with the main theme focused oil the ability of exploring implementation scheme for each process of JPEG2000 encoding. In order to demonstrate the practicability of the framework, a JPEG2000 encoder LSI has been implemented by using 0.18 mu m CMOS technology, which consists of two hardware modules and a configurable processor. This paper also describes real-time human object extraction algorithm, which call be used for video phone. Software simulation result of face and hair object extraction with the use of XScale processor claims that QCIF 15fps video call be processed in real-time.

关键词： JPEG2000 MPEG-4 object-based coding scalable coding

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Rate-distortion approach to databases: Storage and content-based retrieval

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2004年第6期50卷 953-967页

作者： Tuncel, E Koulgi, P Rose, K Univ Calif Riverside Dept Elect Engn Riverside CA 92521 USA Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Elect & Comp Engn Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Elect & Comp Engn Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

This paper investigates the relationship between rate-distortion theory and efficient content-based data retrieval from high-dimensional databases. We consider database design as the encoding of a data object sequence, and retrieval from the database as the decoding of the sequence using side information (i.e., the query) available only at the decoder. We show that, in this setting, the optimal asymptotic tradeoff between the search time R-s (bits per data object read from the storage device) and the expected search accuracy D-s (relevance of the retrieved data set) is given by the Wyner-Ziv solution with a side-information-dependent distortion measure. Moreover, the data indexing and retrieval problem is, in general, inseparable from the data compression problem. Data items selected by the search procedure, which can be stored in the disk with a limited total rate of R-r greater than or equal to R-s, need to be presented at a prescribed expected reconstruction quality D-r. This is, hence, a problem of scalable source coding or successive refinement, albeit with differing layer distortion measures to quantify search and reconstruction quality, respectively. We derive a single-letter characterization of all achievable quadruples {R-s, R-r, D-s, D-r}, and prove conditions for "successive refinability" without rate loss. Finally, we show that the special case D-s = D-r = 0 is nontrivial and of practical interest in this context, as it can impose "acceptable" search and reconstruction qualities for each individual data item and for the entire query space with high probability, in contradistinction with standard average distortion requirements. The region of achievable {R-s,R- R-r} is obtained by adapting Rimoldi's characterization to a new regular scalable coding problem.

关键词： approximate similarity searching content-based retrieval databases scalable coding successive refinability without rate loss Wyner-Ziv problem zero-one distortion measures

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Layered video coding based on displaced frame difference prediction and multiresolution block matching

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2004年第9期52卷 1504-1513页

作者： Hwang, WJ Chen, JF Huang, YC Tsai, TY Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Grad Inst Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taipei 11676 Taiwan Acad Sinica Inst Sci Informat Taipei 115 Taiwan ALi Corp Taipei 114 Taiwan Elan Microelect Corp Hsinchu Taiwan

This paper presents a new video-coding technique based on displaced frame difference (DFD) prediction and multiresolution block matching for layered transmission. Starting from the base layer, the algorithm encodes one layer at a time until the design of the top layer is completed. For the encoding of each layer, the DFD prediction and multistage motion-vector quantization (MSMVQ) techniques are employed so that the results of DFD encoding and block matching at previous layers can be used to enhance the coding efficiency at that layer. Numerical results show that the algorithm is effective for the applications where high rate-distortion performance and low computational complexity for layered video transmission are required.

关键词： block matching scalable coding video coding

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On successive refinement for the Wyner-Ziv problem

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2004年第8期50卷 1636-1654页

作者： Steinberg, Y Merhav, N Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn IL-32000 Haifa Israel

Achievable rates are characterized for successive refinement (SR) in the Wyner-Ziv scenario, namely, in the presence of correlated side information (SI) at the receivers. In this setting, the encoder is assumed to operate in two stages, where the first corresponds to relatively low rate and high distortion, and the second, comprising a refinement code on top of the first code, is aimed at reproduction at reduced distortion. Both decoders (for low rate/high distortion and for high rate/low distortion) are equipped with SI streams, correlated to the source, but unavailable to the encoder. Furthermore, it is assumed that the decoder that receives the higher rate bitstream, i.e., the additional refinement bits, accesses also SI of "better quality" than that of the lower resolution decoder. By "better quality," we mean that the source and the SI are modeled together as a stochastically degraded joint source, where the encoded symbols, the SI at the refinement stage, and the SI at the initial (coarse) stage, form a Markov chain in this order. For a memoryless joint process (that includes the source to be encoded and its instantaneously correlated SI streams), necessary and sufficient conditions are furnished, in terms of single-letter formulas, for the achievability of a pair of rates, corresponding to two given distortion levels. Special attention is devoted to the degenerate, but important, case where the two SI streams, at the two decoders, are identical. For this case, conditions are provided for successive refinability in the sense of the existence of codes that asymptotically achieve the Wyner-Ziv rate-distortion function, simultaneously at both distortion levels. In this context, the doubly symmetric binary source (with the Hamming distortion measure) and the jointly Gaussian source (with the squared error distortion measure) are successively refinable in the Wyner-Ziv setting. It is demonstrated that a source that is not successively refinable in the ordinary sens

关键词： multiple description progressive coding scalable coding side information (SI) successive refinement (SR) Wyner-Ziv problem

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Improving SPIHT using virtual encapsulation

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2004年第6期23卷 507-516页

作者： Kassim, AA SeeToh, CW Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Singapore 119260 Singapore

In this paper, we propose a procedure that enhances the very low bit-rate coding performance of Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT)-based image coders. In SPIHT-based algorithms, all nodes with descendants in the LL band are initially added to the list of insignificant sets as type-A entries. Our experiments indicate that type-A nodes are highly likely to be insignificant during the sorting passes of the high bit planes. Our new procedure exploits this characteristic so that all these type-A nodes can be encapsulated into a single virtual node.

关键词： SPIET CSPIHT scalable coding virtual encapsulation

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An end-to-end adaptation protocol for layered video multicast using optimal rate allocation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2004年第1期6卷 87-102页

作者： Liu, JC Li, B Zhang, YQ Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci & Engn Shatin Hong Kong Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China Microsoft Res Beijing Peoples R China

Layered transmission is a promising solution to video multicast over the heterogeneous Internet. However, since the number of layers is practically limited, noticeable mismatches would occur between the coarse-grained layer subscription levels and the heterogeneous and dynamic rate requirements from the receivers. In this paper, we show that such mismatch can be effectively reduced using a dynamic and fine-grained layer rate allocation on the sender's side. Specifically, we study the optimization criteria for rate allocation, and propose a metric called Application-aware Fairness Index. This metric takes into consideration 1) the nonlinear relation between the perceived video quality and the delivered rate and 2) the degree of satisfaction for receivers with heterogeneous bandwidth requirements. We formulate the rate allocation into an optimization problem with the objective of maximizing the expected fairness index for all receivers in a multicast session. We then derive an efficient and scalable solution, and demonstrate that it can be seamlessly integrated into an end-to-end adaptation protocol, called Hybrid Adaptation Layered Multicast (HALM). This protocol takes advantage of the emerging fine-grained layered coding, and is fully compatible with the best-effort Internet infrastructure. Simulation and numerical results show that HALM noticeably improves the degree of fairness, and interacts with TCP traffic better than static allocation based protocols. More important, increasing the number of layers in HALM generally improves the degree of fairness;it is sufficient to obtain satisfactory performance with a small number of layers (three to five layers).

关键词： rate allocation scalable coding TCP-friendliness video multicast

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Wavelet-based highly efficient scalable video coding

Wavelet-based highly efficient scalable video coding

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Conference on Asia-Pacific Optical and Wireless Communication (APOC 2002)

作者： Zhang, JS Zhu, GX Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Informat Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819447005

This paper proposes an efficient wavelet-based coding scheme with fine grain scalability, where the base layer is encoded with a novel designed of wavelet-based coder, and the enhancement layer is encoded with progressive fine granularity scalable (PFGS) coding. This algorithm involves multi-frame motion compensation, rate-distortion optimizing strategy with Lagrangian cost function and context-based adaptive arithmetic coding. In order to improve efficiency of the enhancement layer coding, an improved motion estimation scheme that uses both information from the base layer and the enhancement layer is also proposed in this paper. The novel designed of wavelet-based coder significantly improves the coding efficiency of the base layer compared with MPEG-4 ASP (Advanced Simple Profile) and H.26L TML9. The PFGS coding is a significant improvement over MPEG-4 FGS at the enhancement layer. Experiments show that single layer coding efficiency gain of the proposed scheme is about 2.0-3.00 and 0.3-1.00 compared with MPEG-4 ASP and H.26L TML9, respectively. The overall coding efficiency gain of the proposed scheme is about 4.0-5.0dB compared with MPEG-4 FGS.

关键词： wavelet-based coding scalable coding FGS H.26L MPEG-4

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Rate-distortion approach to databases: Storage and content-based retrieval

Rate-distortion approach to databases: Storage and content-b...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

ISBN: (纸本)0780375017

关键词： approximate similarity searching content-based retrieval databases scalable coding successive refinability without rate loss Wyner-Ziv problem zero-one distortion measures

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A parameter decimation technique for variable-coefficient invertible deinterlacing

A parameter decimation technique for variable-coefficient in...

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International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications

作者： Uchita, J Ishida, T Muramatsu, S Kikuchi, H Kuge, T Niigata Univ Fac Engn Niigata 9502181 Japan

In this paper, a coefficient-parameter reduction method is proposed for invertible deinterlacing with variable coefficients. Invertible deinterlacing, which the authors have developed before, can be used as a preprocess of frame-based motion picture codec, such as Motion-JPEG2000 (MJP2), for interlaced videos. When the conventional field-interleaving is used instead, comb-tooth artifacts appear around edges of moving objects. On the other hand, the invertible deinterlacing technique allows us to suppress the comb-tooth artifacts and also to recover an original picture on demand. As previous works, the authors have developed a variable coefficient scheme with a motion detection filter, which realizes adaptability to local characteristics of given pictures. When applying this deinterlacing technique to an image codec, it is required to send coefficient parameters to receivers for original picture recovery. This work proposes a parameter decimation technique and shows that this reduction approach can be achieved without significant loss of comb-tooth suppression capability and improves the quality at high bit-rate decoding.

关键词： invertible deinterlacing intraframe-based coding scalable coding variable coefficients motion-JPEG2000

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