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19th International Conference on Advances in Multimedia Modeling, MMM 2013

作者： Zhang, Hao Zhu, Xiao Yu He, Xuan School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642357275

We propose a fast early skip mode detection approach by exploiting extra skip patterns that are missed by previous research. With a larger early skip candidate set, a larger number of macroblocks at the enhancement layer could be detected as skipped mode. Experimental results demonstrate that, the proposed method achieves higher encoding time reduction with negligible quality loss compared with previous research results. © Springer-Verlag 2013.

关键词： scalable video coding

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Smart collaborative video caching for energy efficiency in cognitive Content Centric Networks

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JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 2020年 158卷 102587-000页

作者： Zhang, Mingchuan Hao, Bowei Song, Fei Yang, Meiyi Zhu, Junlong Wu, Qingtao Henan Univ Sci & Technol Sch Informat Engn Luoyang 471023 Peoples R China Beijing Jiaotong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

Due to the prosperity of online media, caching video content has become an important measure to improve the user experience and alleviate the link burden in wireless caching networks. However, facing to perceptual requirements of video users, scalable video coding (SVC) technique has been cumulatively utilized in wireless caching networks, which can guarantee acceptable video quality. In this paper, we propose a smart collaborative video caching policy to boost energy efficiency (EE) in Cognitive Content Centric networking (C-CCN), where the spectrum sharing characteristic of cognitive ratio (CR) is integrated into CCN. With consideration of the imperfect channel-state information (CSI), the collision interference exists between the primary users (PUs) and secondary base stations (SBs). Inspired by this, we derive the expressions of successful content delivery rate (SCDR) and total power consumption for the proposed policy. By using these expressions, the optimal EE model under the caching size constraint is formulated as an optimal content placement problem, which can be solved by the standard gradient projection method. Numerical and simulation results show the efficacy and superiority of the proposed policy compared with some traditional caching schemes.

关键词： Cognitive content centric networking scalable video coding Energy efficient Standard gradient projection

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Proportional-Fair Multi-User scalable Layered Wireless video Streaming Powered by Energy Harvesting

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2020年第4期69卷 4460-4471页

作者： Yang, Jian Xie, Jinsen Chen, Shuangwu Wang, Zilei Hu, Han Hanzo, Lajos Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Informat Sci & Technol Hefei 230027 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Beijing 100811 Peoples R China Univ Southampton Dept Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

The problem of adaptive multi-user scalable layered video transmission is considered in energy harvesting (EH) aided wireless communication systems. With the goal of improving the quality of video services while providing fairness amongst the users despite the random nature of both energy harvesting and the channel quality, we formulate our scalable video coding (SVC) design as a Constrained Utility Function Maximization (CUFM) problem. The proportional fairness and playback smoothness of our design is guaranteed by maximizing the log-sum of the users' video qualities, while satisfying the battery fullness constraint and video layer (quality) fluctuation constraint. By invoking the classical Lyapunov drift based optimization technique, we further decompose the CUFM problem into two parallel subproblems, i.e., a dynamic transmission power allocation problem and a dynamic layer selection problem. By solving these two subproblems, we derive a joint power allocation and video layer selection strategy for multi-user SVC video transmission. The theoretical performance bound of the proposed solution is also presented. Numerical simulations are conducted with real H.264 SVC video traces and the experimental results demonstrate the reduced playback interruption rate and layer switching rate compared to a heuristic algorithm ProNTO. The results also illustrate a tradeoff between the system's utility function and the playback smoothness experienced by the users.

关键词： Energy harvesting proportional fairness energy-efficient communication system scalable video coding Lyapunov optimization feasible direction method

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Multi-Party WebRTC Services Using Delay and Bandwidth Aware SDN-Assisted IP Multicasting of scalable video Over 5G Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2020年第4期22卷 1005-1015页

作者： Kirmizioglu, Riza Arda Tekalp, A. Murat Koc Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-34450 Istanbul Turkey

At present, multi-party WebRTC videoconferencing between peers with heterogenous network resources and terminals is enabled over the best-effort Internet using a central selective forwarding unit (SFU), where each peer sends a scalable encoded video stream to the SFU. This connection model avoids the upload bandwidth bottleneck associated with mesh connections;however, it increases peer delay and overall network load (resource consumption) in addition to requiring investment in servers since all video traffic must go through SFU servers. To this effect, we propose a new multi-party WebRTC service model over future 5G networks, where a video service provider (VSP) collaborates with a network service providers (NSP) to offer an NSP-managed service to stream scalable video layers using software-defined networking (SDN)-assisted Internet protocol (IP) multicasting between peers using NSP infrastructure. In the proposed service model, each peer sends a scalable coded video upstream, which is selectively duplicated and forwarded as layer streams at SDN switches in the network, instead of at a central SFU, in a multi-party WebRTC session managed by multicast trees maintained by the SDN controller. Experimental results show that the proposed SDN-assisted IP multicast service architecture is more efficient than the SFU model in terms of end-to-end service delay and overall network resource consumption, while avoiding peer upload bandwidth bottleneck and distributing traffic more evenly across the network. The proposed architecture enables efficient provisioning of premium managed WebRTC services over bandwidth-reserved SDN slices to provide videoconferencing experience with guaranteed video quality over 5G networks.

关键词： WebRTC Streaming media Bandwidth IP networks Delays Multicast communication Protocols SDN-assisted IP multicast multi-party WebRTC scalable video coding managed service network slicing

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Energy efficient technique for P2P multisource video streaming in mobile ad hoc networks to improve QoE

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PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS 2020年第1期13卷 219-242页

作者： Raheel, Muhammad Salman Raad, Raad Univ Wollongong Sch Elect Comp & Telecommun Engn Fac Engn & Informat Sci Wollongong NSW Australia Univ Wollongong Sch Elect Comp & Telecommun Engn Wollongong NSW Australia

This paper proposes a novel Quality of experience based Energy Efficient method (QEE) to distribute Peer-to-Peer (P2P) video in a mobile ad hoc network. P2P video distribution is first formulated as a resource allocation problem with the aim of maximizing the end user's quality of experience. We studied the resource allocation problem as a linear optimization problem to provide efficient utilization of upload bandwidth and energy at each mobile node. Furthermore, scalable video coding is used, that helps maximizing the quality of experience by distributing the layered video over multiple sources using multiple paths to minimize the power consumption and the upload bandwidth at each node. The simulation results show that in the case of 10% uploader nodes in the network, and at the nodes velocity of 1 m/s;QEE method consumes 5 to 25% less power, as compared to existing methods such as;EVAN (Energy aware video streaming in wireless ad hoc network), WCNC (Assessing best strategy for adaptive streaming in mobile ad hoc network), QNE (QoE based non Energy Efficient) and NQNE (Non QoE based Non Energy Efficient). This is because the load is efficiently distributed across multiple sources in the network. Furthermore, the result also shows that for the case of 10% uploader nodes in the network QEE method achieves 10% higher Mean Opinion Score (MOS) among nodes as compared to EVAN and QNE methods as it considers path utility for streaming the video using multiple sources over multiple paths. We have also evaluated the performance of QEE under network churn and flash crown scenarios;the result shows that QEE maintains a reasonable quality under such situations.

关键词： Mobile Ad Hoc Networks video Streaming scalable video coding Quality of Experience P2P Network

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Broadcasting scalable video With Generalized Spatial Modulation in Cellular Networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 22136-22144页

作者： Correia, Americo M. C. Souto, Nuno M. B. Sebastiao, Pedro Gomez-Barquero, David Fuentes, Manuel Univ Inst Lisbon ISCTE P-1649026 Lisbon Portugal Inst Telecomunicacoes P-1049001 Lisbon Portugal Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Commun E-46022 Valencia Spain

This paper considers the transmission of scalable video via broadcast and multicast to increase spectral and energy efficiency in cellular networks. To address this problem, we study the use of generalized spatial modulation (GSM) combined with non-orthogonal hierarchical M-QAM modulations due to the capability to exploit the potential gains of large scale antenna systems and achieve high spectral and energy efficiencies. We introduce the basic idea of broadcasting/multicasting scalable video associated to GSM, and discuss the key limitations. Non-uniform hierarchical QAM constellations are used for broadcasting/multicasting scalable video while user specific messages are carried implicitly on the indexes of the active transmit antennas combinations. To deal with multiple video and dedicated user streams multiplexed on the same transmission, an iterative receiver with reduced complexity is described. 5G New Radio (NR) based link and system level results are presented. Two different ways of quadruplicating the number of broadcasting programs are evaluated and compared. Performance results show that the proposed GSM scheme is capable of achieving flexibility and energy efficiency gain over conventional multiple input multiple output (MIMO) schemes.

关键词： Broadcasting generalized spatial modulation multiple input multiple output scalable video coding

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Dynamic Resource Allocation for scalable video Multirate Multicast Over Wireless Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2020年第9期69卷 10227-10241页

作者： Chen, Shuangwu Yang, Bowen Yang, Jian Hanzo, Lajos Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Informat Sci & Technol Hefei 230027 Peoples R China Univ Southampton Sch Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

Aided by scalable video coding, multirate multicast has become a promising technique of providing differentiated quality of experience (QoE) for massive numbers of video subscribers operating in heterogeneous channel conditions. Nevertheless, due to the time-varying nature of wireless channels and the subscribers' diverse requirements, it is challenging to dynamically control the video rate in the light of the available radio resource to achieve the best QoE. To elaborate a little further, the time scale of resource scheduling is of short-term nature, which determines the short-term video quality variation, but from a service provider's perspective the design objective is to optimize the long-term QoE for all subscribers. Despite its importance, this problem has not been considered before. Explicitly, we formulated this problem as a time-averaged stochastic optimization problem which avoids the impact of both the short-term channel quality fluctuation and that of the video bitrates, whilst maintaining both inter- and intra- group fairness. The stratified structure of the problem inspires us to decompose it into a two-phase optimization: coarse grained assignment for each user group and fine grained assignment for each subgroup. We propose an adaptive multicast algorithm based on Lyapunov's optimization theory for solving this problem, by striking a compelling trade-off between the system's utility and its queue stability. We quantify the achievable performance of our proposed solution based on realistic video traces.

关键词： Quality of experience Static VAr compensators Streaming media video recording Quality assessment Optimization Resource management Multirate multicast scalable video coding resource assignment wireless network

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QoE-Aware Multi-Source video Streaming in Content Centric Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2020年第9期22卷 2321-2330页

作者： Sadat, Mohammad Nazmus Dai, Rui Kong, Lingchao Zhu, Jingyi Univ Cincinnati Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

Content Centric Networking (CCN), a future Internet architecture, brings new challenges in maintaining the Quality of Experience (QoE) for video streaming. Because of the universal caching capability of CCN routers, streaming from multiple sources will be common, and switching between content sources might affect QoE by inducing delays and consequently stalls in video playback. This paper proposes a new QoE-aware multi-source video streaming scheme for CCN. First, the content distributions of video files among CCN nodes for different caching methods are studied. Second, an adaptive video streaming with distributed caching (ASDC) algorithm is designed to guarantee QoE during the switching between content sources. The ASDC algorithm considers the delivery of scalable video streams. It automatically adapts the layers in a video stream when there is source switching, based on a QoE model that characterizes the effect of stalling. Experimental results show that the ASDC algorithm outperforms dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) in the CCN platform in terms of the QoE obtained from human subjective tests.

关键词： Streaming media Quality of experience Switches video coding video recording Quality assessment Static VAr compensators Adaptive video streaming quality of experience (QoE) content centric networking in-network caching scalable video coding

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Layer-Assisted video Quality Adaptation for Improving QoE in Wireless Networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 77518-77527页

作者： Park, Jinho Chung, Kwangsue Kwangwoon Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Seoul 01897 South Korea

HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) is a state-of-the-art technology for video streaming. Optimal adaptive streaming schemes should be designed to maximize the quality of experience (QoE) in network environments with unstable bandwidths such as wireless networks. QoE is degraded for Advanced video coding (AVC)-based HAS due to frequent quality switching and rebuffering in wireless networks. Meanwhile, scalable video coding (SVC)-based HAS can maximize the QoE by flexibly requesting the base layer (BL) and enhancement layer (EL) based on variable network conditions. However, in SVC-based HAS, the required bandwidth is significantly high due to the encoding overhead. In this paper, we propose a layer-assisted video quality adaptation for improving QoE in wireless networks. The proposed scheme employs a video encoding method, composed of multiple BLs and ELs, using both AVC and SVC. The quality of the BL is determined using the buffer occupancy level and measured bandwidth to minimize rebuffering. The quality of the EL is determined using the buffer region and segment quality differences to minimize instability. enhancement dummy (ED) consists of the selected ELs. The layer scheduler decides the segment that is to be requested based on the QoE model according to the BL and ED to maximize the QoE. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves high QoE compared to the existing schemes because the instability is low and no rebuffering occurs.

关键词： HTTP adaptive streaming wireless network quality of experience scalable video coding

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Application Layer Energy-Efficient scalable video Cooperative Multicast in Cellular Networks

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第4期112卷 2503-2517页

作者： Chari, Kaveh Mehdipour Ghanbari, Mohammad Univ Tehran Dept Elect & Comp Engn Coll Engn Tehran Iran Univ Essex Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn Colchester Essex England

In conventional multicasting of cellular networks, due to channel diversity of receivers, data rates of the base stations (BS) are limited to ensure all mobile stations (MS) receive packets correctly. This method, besides the increased power consumption, deprives MSs from getting better video quality than they could get at higher bit-rates. This paper proposes two new application layer multicasting schemes named HMCM and H2CM that exploit cooperative multicast (CM) of two-layer scalable video coding to transmit each layer of video in two different paths in order to reduce power consumption. In both methods, the base layer of video is transmitted by the BS through cellular network (e.g., 4G or 5G) to all MSs in the cell area. This makes sure minimum video quality is guaranteed for all MSs. In the second stage, the enhancement layer of video is transmitted by CM in multi-stages to all MSs that helps to reduce power consumption. Using mathematical analysis and NS3 simulator, it is shown, compared to the conventional multicasting of single layer video, both HMCM and H2CM, at a given error rate, depending on the ratio of the base layer to total video bit-rate, can reduce power consumption of the BS by 70% and 40% respectively and 12% reduction in total power consumption by H2CM. Moreover, since the proposed approaches are entirely implemented in the application layer, they can be used in most wireless standards without any modifications to the network stack.

关键词： Cooperative multicast scalable video coding Energy efficiency LTE 5G Wireless networks

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