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21st International Tyrrhenian Workshop on Digital Communications - Trusthworthy Internet

作者： Graft, Michael Timmerer, Christian Hellwagner, Hermann Negru, Daniel Borcoci, Eugen Renzi, Daniele Mevel, Anne-Lore Chernilov, Alex Klagenfurt Univ Univ 65-67 A-9020 Klagenfurt Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9788847018174

The demand for access to advanced, distributed media resources is nowadays omnipresent due to the availability of Internet connectivity almost anywhere and anytime, and of a variety of different devices. This calls for rethinking of the current Internet architecture by making the network aware of which content is actually transported. This paper introduces scalable video coding (SVC) as a tool for Content-Aware Networks (CANs) which is currently researched as part of the EU FP7 ALICANTE project. The architecture of ALICANTE with respect to SVC and CAN is presented, use cases are described, and finally research challenges and open issues are discussed.

关键词： Content-aware networking Network-aware applications scalable video coding Quality of service Multimedia distribution Future Internet

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Cross-Layer Resource Allocation for scalable video Over OFDMA Wireless Networks: Tradeoff Between Quality Fairness and Efficiency

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2017年第7期19卷 1654-1669页

作者： Lin, Kuan Dumitrescu, Sorina McMaster Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hamilton ON L8S 4K1 Canada

This work addresses the tradeoff between quality fairness and system efficiency for scalable video delivery to multiple users over OFDMA wireless networks. We consider a cross-layer optimization framework seeking to maximize the sum-PSNR corresponding to average user rates, subject to relaxed PSNR-fair constraints. More specifically, a pure quality-fairness (PF) problem is solved first to determine the maximum PSNR value obtained by imposing the same PSNR level to all users. Next the constraints in the PF problem are relaxed by allowing the relative difference between the PSNR of each video and the PF PSNR value to be within some range [0, sigma]. Thus, the parameter sigma controls the tradeoff between quality fairness and system efficiency. The PF problem is equivalent to the quality fairness problem proposed by Cicalo and Tralli, which was solved using a vertical decomposition approach. Further, we convert the optimization problem with the relaxed fairness constraints into a convex problem and solve it using established techniques. Our simulation results show that by varying the value of sigma, a wide range, densely populated, of tradeoff points between quality fairness and efficiency can be achieved. Additionally, a subjective quality assessment reveals that while the maximum efficiency scheme (ME), i.e., when sigma = infinity, may compromise the quality of the high demanding videos, the PF scheme may sacrifice the quality of the low demanding videos. On the other hand, by providing a trade-off between PF and ME, the proposed scheme has the potential of finding a middle ground where all users are satisfied.

关键词： Cross-layer orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) resource allocation scalable video coding quality fairness/efficiency trade-off

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SVCEval-RA: an evaluation framework for adaptive scalable video streaming

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2017年第1期76卷 437-461页

作者： Castellanos, Wilder E. Guerri, Juan C. Arce, Pau Univ Politecn Valencia Inst Telecommun & Multimedia Applicat iTEAM Valencia Spain

Multimedia content adaption strategies are becoming increasingly important for effective video streaming over the actual heterogeneous networks. Thus, evaluation frameworks for adaptive video play an important role in the designing and deploying process of adaptive multimedia streaming systems. This paper describes a novel simulation framework for rate-adaptive video transmission using the scalable video coding standard (H.264/SVC). Our approach uses feedback information about the available bandwidth to allow the video source to select the most suitable combination of SVC layers for the transmission of a video sequence. The proposed solution has been integrated into the network simulator NS-2 in order to support realistic network simulations. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed solution we perform a simulation study where a video sequence was transmitted over a three network scenarios. The experimental results show that the Adaptive SVC scheme implemented in our framework provides an efficient alternative that helps to avoid an increase in the network congestion in resource-constrained networks. Improvements in video quality, in terms of PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) and SSIM (Structural Similarity Index) are also obtained.

关键词： video evaluation framework Adaptive scalable video SVC video streaming scalable video coding

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Perceptual Pruning: A Context-Aware Transcoder for Immersive video Conferencing Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2017年第6期19卷 1327-1338页

作者： Pourashraf, Pedram Safaei, Farzad Univ Wollongong Informat & Commun Technol Res Inst Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

This paper proposes the concept of perceptual pruning to improve the scalability of immersive video conferencing (IVC) systems. The aim of perceptual pruning is to enable servers to dynamically reduce the bit rate of videos on-the-fly in response to changes in virtual distance and orientation of videos with respect to the receiving client. It is shown that the video of each participant will have to undergo varying degrees of texture to pixel mapping before it is rendered by the client. By reducing the resolution of the video at the scale of each transform block in response to nuances of this mapping, the video bit rate could be reduced without any noticeable degradation of quality. This paper presents the results of experimental tests and also real-world scalability tests to quantify the impact of perceptual pruning. It is concluded that perceptual pruning will be of significant benefit, especially in those situations when the number of videos in the client's viewpoint is large.

关键词： Immersive video conferencing (IVC) video compression scalable video coding video transmission video conferencing discrete cosine transform (DCT) masking

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Achieving maximum utilization of peer's upload capacity in p2p networks using SVC

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PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS 2017年第1期10卷 45-65页

作者： Raheel, Muhammad Salman Raad, Raad Ritz, Christian Univ Wollongong Sch Elect Comp & Telecommun Engn Wollongong NSW Australia

We propose an algorithm that exploits the properties of scalable video coding (SVC) in order to minimize the upload bandwidth at each peer. More specifically, we propose streaming different layers of the same video from different peers. The paper defines an optimization problem to handle the upload bandwidth at each peer. However, the solution to the proposed problem is NP complete. Therefore, we propose an approximation algorithm to solve this problem. In addition, seed servers are introduced in order to deal with extra load in the network. The proposed method provides better performance as compared to the current approaches that use single layer video in combination with SVC. We have compared our simulation results with the model proposed in Shabnam and Mohamed (2010). The simulation results show that the proposed model improves diversity, increases average video quality, reduces the effect of churn and manages flash crowds.

关键词： scalable video coding p2p streaming Upload capacity Average video quality

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Optimized Upload Strategies for Live scalable video Transmission from Mobile Devices

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING 2017年第4期16卷 1059-1072页

作者： Siekkinen, Matti Masala, Enrico Nurminen, Jukka K. Aalto Univ Sch Sci Dept Comp Sci Espoo 02150 Finland Politecn Torino Control & Comp Engn Dept I-10129 Turin Italy

Sharing live multimedia content is becoming increasingly popular among mobile users. In this article, we study the problem of optimizing video quality in such a scenario using scalable video coding (SVC) and chunked video content. We consider using only standard stateless HTTP servers that do not need to perform additional processing of the video content. Our key contribution is to provide close to optimal algorithms for scheduling video chunk upload for multiple clients having different viewing delays. Given such a set of clients, the problem is to decide which chunks to upload and in which order to upload them so that the quality-delay tradeoff can be optimally balanced. We show by means of simulations that the proposed algorithms can achieve notably better performance than naive solutions in practical cases. Especially the heuristic-based greedy algorithm is a good candidate for deployment on mobile devices because it is not computationally intensive but it still delivers in most cases on-par video quality compared to the more complex local optimization algorithm. We also show that using shorter video segments and being able to predict bandwidth and video chunk properties improve the delivered video quality in certain cases.

关键词： scalable video coding DASH mobile video streaming video upload live video video transmission

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Joint optimization of downlink and D2D transmissions for SVC streaming in cooperative cellular networks

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NEUROCOMPUTING 2017年 270卷 178-187页

作者： Feng, Guangsheng Zhang, Yongmin Lin, Junyu Wang, Huiqiang Cai, Lin Harbin Engn Univ Coll Comp Sci & Technol Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Peoples R China Univ Victoria Dept Elect & Comp Engn Victoria BC V8W 3P6 Canada Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Complex Syst Modeling & Simulat Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ State Key Lab Ind Control Technol Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Informat Engn Beijing 100093 Peoples R China

We study the problem of broadcasting scalable video coded (SVC) streams in cellular networks, where all user equipments (UEs) require the same video content and cooperate with each other. To take the advantage of channel diversity gains, the base station (BS) uses network coding to generate linear combinations of video packets for broadcasting in the downlink. Once receiving sufficient number of the combinations, a UE can relay packets to others via device-to-device (D2D) connections. The optimal downlink and D2D transmission arrangement problem is formulated as a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem, which becomes difficult to solve when the number of UEs increases. Then we convert the MINLP problem to a quasi-convex optimization problem using a continuous step function, and a primal-dual decomposition approach is used to solve it in a distributed way. In addition, we consider the influence of the transmission energy consumption to the optimal solution. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves near-optimal performance. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cellular networks D2D scalable video coding Broadcast

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Improved macroblock level rate control for the spatially scalable extension of H.264/AVC

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JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION 2017年 48卷 205-223页

作者： Lu, Xin Martin, Graham R. Harbin Inst Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Peoples R China Univ Warwick Dept Comp Sci Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

An improved rate control algorithm, designed for scalable video coders incorporating interlayer prediction, is proposed. Firstly, a Rate Distortion (RD) model for interlayer prediction involving the spatial enhancement layers is devised. An optimised Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) prediction model for the spatial enhancement layers that considers both the MAD from the spatial base layer in the same frame and the MAD from the corresponding macroblock in previous frames is also proposed. Simulation results show that the resulting algorithm produces accurate rate control with an average bit rate error of less than 0.26%. Compared with the JVT-W043 default rate control algorithm of the JSVM, the proposed algorithm improves the average PSNR by up to 0.53 dB or reduces the bit rate by an average of 10.95%. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be combined with the existing rate control scheme for H.264/AVC, resulting in further improvements. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Interlayer prediction MAD prediction Rate control scalable video coding

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scalable video coding (SVC) for multipath video streaming over video Distribution Networks (VDN)

Scalable Video Coding (SVC) for multipath video streaming ov...

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International Conference on Information Networking

作者： Ghareeb, Majd Ksentini, Adlen Viho, Cesar IRISA University of Rennes I Campus Beaulieu 35042 Rennes France

ISBN: (纸本)9781612846613

In this paper we propose a multipath video streaming mechanism based on the scalable video coding (SVC) extension of H.264/AVC. Our method adapts to the heterogeneous capabilities of different end-users. Additionally, it adapts to network bandwidth fluctuation by observing the changes in the available bandwidth over the multiple overlay paths, and updating the streaming strategy accordingly. Results show the adaptability and the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in order to deliver the best possible video quality while keeping the balance between end-user requirements and network resources consumption. ©2011 IEEE.

关键词： scalable video coding

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Fast Mode Decision for Combined scalable video coding Based on the Block Complexity Function

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2011年第1期57卷 247-252页

作者： Kim, Tae-Jung Hong, Jang-Eui Suh, Jae-Won Chungbuk Natl Univ Coll Elect & Comp Engn Cheongju South Korea Chungbuk Natl Univ Dept Elect Engn Cheongju South Korea Chungbuk Natl Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn Cheongju South Korea

scalable video coding is an H.264/AVC scalable extension that is used to provide various network-friendly scalability using a single bit stream. In SVC, the newly adapted predictive coding techniques can achieve high encoding efficiency, but they increase the computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity, we present a fast mode decision algorithm based on the block complexity function considering the degree of correlation between base layer and enhancement layer. The simulation results show that the encoding time of the proposed fast mode decision algorithm for the combined scalability is about 54.72% compared with normal method although the loss of visual quality is negligible(1).

关键词： scalable video coding combined scalability inter layer prediction fast mode decision

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