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An Evaluation of screen content Casting over Mobile and Wireless Networks

WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第3期97卷 4877-4895页

作者： Truong Cong Thang Pham Ngoc Nam Nguyen, Duc V. Tran, Huyen T. Univ Aizu Comp Commun Lab Ikki Machi Aizu Wakamatsu Fukushima 9658580 Japan Hanoi Univ Sci & Technol Hanoi Vietnam

Thanks to the availability of many smart devices, displays, and broadband connections, screen casting/sharing has become an important functionality for user devices. Meanwhile, a new video standard called screen content coding (SCC) is going to be issued to support this trend. This paper presents a standard-compliant implementation and evaluation of SCC streaming to mobile devices. The study is targeted at a feasible design and settings for customer devices, supporting both content-generating side and content-consuming side. The evaluation results help to answer how a sending device should generate screen content videos, and how a receiving device could be implemented and adjusted in time-varying environments of mobile networks and wireless home networks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evaluation study for SCC casting.

关键词： screen casting screen content coding E-learning Streaming

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FAST HEVC TO SCC TRANScoding BASED ON DECISION TREES

FAST HEVC TO SCC TRANSCODING BASED ON DECISION TREES

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo

作者： Wei Kuang Yui-Lam Chan Sik-Ho Tsang Wan-Chi Siu Department of Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

screen content coding (SCC) is an extension of the High-Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) for encoding screen content videos. However, there are many legacy screen content videos already encoded by HEVC. To efficiently migrate screen content videos from the existing HEVC to the emerging SCC, a machine learning based fast transcoding algorithm is proposed by using decision trees in this paper. To speed up the transcoding process, the intermediate data from both the HEVC decoder side and the SCC encoder side are jointly analyzed. Then the optimal coding unit (CU) sizes are mapped from HEVC to SCC while the mode candidates are adaptively checked according to the decision tree outcomes in the re-encoding process. Experimental results show that an average of 48.20% re-encoding time reduction is achieved with only 1.47% Bjontegaard delta bitrate loss using All Intra (AI) configuration.

关键词： Transcoding High Efficiency Video coding screen content coding Machine learning

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A Practical System towards the Secure, Robust and Pervasive Mobile Workstyle 85

A Practical System towards the Secure, Robust and Pervasive ...

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IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)

作者： Ma, Zhan Yue, Tao Cao, Xun Xu, Yiling Li, Xin Wang, Yongjin Nanjing Univ Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Yun Ge Zhi Li Inc Richardson TX USA Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509059324

We develop an innovative PC2PC (personal computer to pervasive computing) system to enable the secure, robust and pervasive mobile workstyle. PC2PC server compresses the desktop screens of any virtualized system, and delivers the stream through any popular networks to PC2PC client remotely for stream decoding, rendering and end-user interaction (such as keyboard/ mouse commands). We have implemented the overall system from the scratch, where the emerging screen content coding (SCC) extension of the High-Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) is implemented to compress and stream the desktop screens in real-time, and three core asset channels (i.e., system, display, inputs, etc) are defined to enable systematic end-to-end communication. Compared with the commercial Red Hat SPICE virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) scheme, our PC2PC could save the network bandwidth by a factor of 2, 7 and 4 respectively for typical video streaming, web browsing and stationary office applications at same visual quality. Meanwhile, we have also measured the delays in the system and presented the preliminary study on the user experience impact. A simple network estimation is applied to optimize the quality-bandwidth adaptation for both single user and multiuser scenarios to combat the network dynamics.

关键词： Pervasive computing virtual desktop infrastructure high-efficiency video coding screen content coding

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2-D Index Map coding for HEVC screen content Compression

2-D Index Map Coding for HEVC Screen Content Compression

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： Xu, Yiling Huang, Wei Wang, Wei Duanmu, Fanyi Ma, Zhan Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China FutureWei Technol Santa Clara CA USA NYU New York NY USA Nanjing Univ Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479984305

This paper introduces a 2-D index map coding of the palette mode in screen content coding extension of the High-Efficiency Video coding (HEVC SCC) standard to further improve the compression performance. In contrast to the current 1-D search using RUN to represent the length of matched string, we bring the block width and height to describe the arbitrary rectangle shape. We also use the block vector displacement to signal the matched block distance efficiently. By enlarging the search range from current coding tree unit (CTU) to a small neighbor CTU window (i.e., 3x5 CTUs), it provides the coding efficiency comparable to the case that full-frame intra block copy is used. It is more practical to use the local search window in real life considering the trade-off between the coding efficiency and implementation cost.

关键词： HEVC Palette mode screen content coding

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Rearrangement Pixel Granularity Template Matching for Lossy screen content Picture Intra coding

Rearrangement Pixel Granularity Template Matching for Lossy ...

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IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP) Conference

作者： Wang, Zheng Tao, Pin Feng, Lixin Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Natl Lab informat Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467373142

screen content (SC) video coding is becoming more important in screen sharing and screen broadcasting applications. There are many distinctly different characteristics between the SC video and the camera-captured video. In this paper, we propose a rearrangement pixel granularity template matching method for lossy SC intra picture coding with higher compression ratio. Firstly, the original picture will be rearranged for lossy compression and parallel processing purpose. Then every pixel is predicted with template matching method. The template matching method can achieve high prediction accuracy on SC pictures. Our proposed method improves about 4.5dB and saves 11.7% bitrate in comparison with the HEVC range extension software HM12.0+RExt4.1.

关键词： screen content coding Template Matching Lossy Compression High Efficiency Video coding

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Lossless Intra Compression of screen content based on Soft Context Formation

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IEEE JOURNAL ON EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2016年第4期6卷 508-516页

作者： Strutz, Tilo Leipzig Univ Telecommun HfTL Deutsch Telekom Inst Commun Engn D-04277 Leipzig Germany

The challenge in data compression is to transmit or store a minimum number of bits per sample that should be as close as possible to the number of bits defined by the actual average information content. The latter can be approximated by the contextual entropy. The dilemma is generally that the optimal estimation of contextual symbol probabilities is a kind of artificial-intelligence problem and requires enormous computational efforts. Therefore, practical compression methods typically utilise some pre-knowledge about the data. In image compression, this concerns either autocorrelation properties of natural images, such as photographs, or assumptions about repeating patterns in synthetic data that often can be observed in screen content. This paper presents a novel technique for the estimation of the contextual symbol probabilities with moderate computational complexity. The probability distribution is derived for each single pixel based on a soft context formation and is fed into a full-adaptive arithmetic coder. Applied to synthetic images and images with mixed content up to 8000 colors, the proposed scheme shows bit-savings of about 20% compared to the compression with the HEVC reference software (HM-16.7+SCM-6.0), and it also can compete with methods based on context mixing.

关键词： Color image compression lossless coding probability distribution modelling screen content coding

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Hash-Based Line-by-Line Template Matching for Lossless screen Image coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING 2016年第12期25卷 5601-5609页

作者： Peng, Xiulian Xu, Jizheng Microsoft Res Asia Beijing Peoples R China

Template matching (TM) was proposed in the literature a decade ago to efficiently remove non-local redundancies within an image without transmitting any overhead of displacement vectors. However, the large computational complexity introduced at both the encoder and the decoder, especially for a large search range, limits its widespread use. This paper proposes a hash-based line-by-line template matching (hLTM) for lossless screen image coding, where the non-local redundancy commonly exists in text and graphics parts. By hash-based search, it can largely reduce the search complexity of template matching without an accuracy degradation. Besides, the line-by-line template matching increases prediction accuracy by using a fine granularity. Experimental results show that the hLTM can significantly reduce both the encoding and decoding complexities by 68 and 23 times, respectively, compared with the traditional TM with a search radius of 128. Moreover, when compared with High Efficiency Video coding screen content coding test model SCM-1.0, it can largely improve coding efficiency by up to 12.68% bits saving on screen contents with rich texts/graphics.

关键词： Template matching HEVC screen content coding

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IMPROVED PALETTE INDEX MAP coding ON HEVC SCC 23

IMPROVED PALETTE INDEX MAP CODING ON HEVC SCC

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Sun, Yu-Chen Chuang, Tzu-Der Kim, Jungsun Chen, Yi-Wen Liu, Shan Huang, Yu-Wen Lei, Shawmin MediaTek Inc Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467399616

Palette mode is the new coding tool that has been adopted in the screen content coding Extensions of High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC SCC). Palette mode can represent colour clusters for screen content efficiently and can be summarized into two parts: palette coding tools and colour index map coding tools. This paper proposes two techniques to improve colour index map coding: transition copy and prediction across coding unit boundary. The former is for exploring the correlation between an index and all of the previously coded indices;the latter for utilizing the correlation between the content along the coding unit boundary Experimental results reportedly show that, compared with HEVC SCC, the proposed techniques can achieve 3.2%, 2.2%, and 1.7% BD-rate savings compared with HEVC SCC for "YUV, text & graphics with motion, 1080p & 720p sequences" under all intra, random access, and low-delay B common test conditions, respectively.

关键词： screen content coding High Efficiency Video coding HEVC HEVC SCC Palette Mode

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FAST INTRA MODE DECISION AND BLOCK MATCHING FOR HEVC screen content COMPRESSION 41

FAST INTRA MODE DECISION AND BLOCK MATCHING FOR HEVC SCREEN ...

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41st IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Zhang, Hao Zhou, Qiao Shi, Ningning Yang, Feng Feng, Xin Ma, Zhan Cent South Univ Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Technol Chongqing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479999880

screen content coding (SCC) is the latest extension of the High-Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) aiming to improve the compression efficiency of screen content video. With newly developed tools such as intra block copy (IntraBC) and palette (PLT) mode, SCC has been able to compress the desktop screens more efficiently but with significant complexity increase. In this paper, we improve the intra prediction from two aspects. Firstly, by leveraging the temporal correlation among coding units (CU), we develop a fast CU depth prediction scheme. Furthermore, adaptive search step is employed for further speed up of the time-consuming block matching in IntraBC. The overall encoding time is reduced by about 39% and 35% for the All Intra (AI) lossy and lossless encoding scenarios with negligible quality loss under the SCC common test condition.

关键词： Intra mode intra block copy screen content coding HEVC

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Pseudo-2D-matching based enhancement to high efficiency video coding for screen contents

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2015年第18期74卷 7753-7771页

作者： Wang, Shuhui Lin, Tao Zhou, Kailun Zhang, Peijun Chen, Xianyi Tongji Univ VLSI Lab Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Computer screens are rich in discontinuous-tone content besides traditional continuous-tone content. Thus, new video coding tools coherently united into traditional hybrid coding tools are needed to effectively compress screen contents. This paper proposes a Pseudo-2D-matching (P2M) coder based enhancement to High Efficiency Video coding for screen contents. An input Largest coding Unit (LCU) is simultaneously fed into a P2M coder and a traditional hybrid coder. The coder minimizing rate-distortion is selected as the final coder for the LCU. The P2M coder breaks an LCU into many horizontal or vertical line segments and searches matching line segments in the searching-window consisting of previously coded pixels. Since the searching-window is large (a few kilobytes to megabytes) to increase the chance to find a good matching, a hash-table is used to speedup the search. In the P2M coder, three matching modes are used: 1) vertically scanned string matching;2) horizontally scanned 2D-shape-preserved matching;and 3) vertically scanned 2D-shape-preserved matching. All three matching modes are used to code an LCU and the mode minimizing rate-distortion is selected in the P2M coder. The P2M based enhancement achieves significant Bitrate-distortion rate (BD-rate) and subjective visual quality improvement over traditional hybrid coding for screen contents.

关键词： screen content coding Hybrid coding String matching Line segment matching

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