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ADscreen: A speech processing-based screening system for automatic identification of patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE 2023年第1期143卷 102624-102624页

作者： Zolnoori, Maryam Zolnour, Ali Topaz, Maxim Columbia Univ Med Ctr New York NY 10027 USA Columbia Univ Sch Nursing New York NY USA Univ Tehran Sch Elect & Comp Engn Tehran Iran

Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) present a looming public health crisis, affecting roughly 5 million people and 11 % of older adults in the United States. Despite nationwide efforts for timely diagnosis of patients with ADRD, >50 % of them are not diagnosed and unaware of their disease. To address this challenge, we developed ADscreen, an innovative speech-processing based ADRD screening algorithm for the protective identification of patients with ADRD. ADscreen consists of five major components: (i) noise reduction for reducing background noises from the audio-recorded patient speech, (ii) modeling the patient's ability in phonetic motor planning using acoustic parameters of the patient's voice, (iii) modeling the patient's ability in semantic and syntactic levels of language organization using linguistic parameters of the patient speech, (iv) extracting vocal and semantic psycholinguistic cues from the patient speech, and (v) building and evaluating the screening algorithm. To identify important speech parameters (features) associated with ADRD, we used the Joint Mutual Information Maximization (JMIM), an effective feature selection method for high dimensional, small sample size datasets. Modeling the relationship between speech parameters and the outcome variable (presence/absence of ADRD) was conducted using three different machine learning (ML) architectures with the capability of joining informative acoustic and linguistic with contextual word embedding vectors obtained from the DistilBERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers). We evaluated the performance of the ADscreen on an audio-recorded patients' speech (verbal description) for the Cookie-Theft picture description task, which is publicly available in the dementia databank. The joint fusion of acoustic and linguistic parameters with contextual word embedding vectors of DistilBERT achieved F1-score = 84.64 (standard deviation [std] = & PLUSMN;3.58) and AUC-ROC = 92.53 (s

关键词： Alzheimer's disease and related dementias Speech analysis Natural language processing Machine learning screening algorithm

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Rapid deployment of an algorithm to triage dental emergencies during COVID-19 pandemic

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION 2021年第9期28卷 1996-2001页

作者： Perelman, Sharon C. Erde, Steven Torre, Lynda Ansari, Tunaidi Columbia Univ Div Operat Dent Coll Dent Med New York NY 10027 USA Columbia Univ Div Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol Coll Dent Med New York NY 10027 USA

COVID-19 quickly immobilized healthcare systems in the United States during the early stages of the outbreak. While much of the ensuing response focused on supporting the medical infrastructure, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine pursued a solution to triage and safely treat patients with dental emergencies amid the pandemic. Considering rapidly changing guidelines from governing bodies, dental infection control protocols, and our clinical faculty's expertise, we modeled, built, and implemented a screening algorithm, which provides decision support as well as insight into COVID-19 status and clinical comorbidities, within a newly integrated electronic health record (EHR). Once operationalized, we analyzed the data and outcomes of its utilization and found that it had effectively guided providers in triaging patient needs in a standardized methodology. This article describes the algorithm's rapid development to assist faculty providers in identifying patients with the most urgent needs, thus prioritizing treatment of dental emergencies during the pandemic.

关键词： screening algorithm telehealth COVID-19 dental emergencies electronic health records

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COVID-19 and Acute Heart Failure: screening the Critically Ill - A Position Statement of the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ)

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HEART LUNG AND CIRCULATION 2020年第7期29卷 E94-E98页

作者： Lal, Sean Hayward, Christopher S. De Pasquale, Carmine Kaye, David Javorsky, George Bergin, Peter Atherton, John J. Ilton, Marcus K. Weintraub, Robert G. Nair, Priya Rudas, Mate Dembo, Lawrence Doughty, Robert N. Kumarasinghe, Gayathri Juergens, Craig Bannon, Paul G. Bart, Nicole K. Chow, Clara K. Lattimore, Jo-Dee Kritharides, Leonard Totaro, Richard Macdonald, Peter S. Royal Prince Alfred Hosp Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Sydney NSW Australia St Vincents Hosp Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Flinders Med Ctr Adelaide SA Australia Flinders Univ S Australia Adelaide SA Australia Alfred Hosp Melbourne Vic Australia Baker Heart & Diabet Inst Melbourne Vic Australia Prince Charles Hosp Brisbane Qld Australia Univ Queensland Brisbane Qld Australia Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp Brisbane Qld Australia Royal Darwin Hosp Darwin NT Australia Royal Childrens Hosp Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Melbourne Melbourne Vic Australia Fiona Stanley Hosp Perth WA Australia Auckland Dist Hlth Board Auckland New Zealand Univ Auckland Auckland New Zealand Liverpool Hosp Sydney NSW Australia Westmead Hosp Sydney NSW Australia Concord Repatriat Gen Hosp Sydney NSW Australia

Up to one-third of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care develop an acute cardiomyopathy, which may represent myocarditis or stress cardiomyopathy. Further, while mortality in older patients with COVID-19 appears related to multi-organ failure complicating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the cause of death in younger patients may be related to acute heart failure. Cardiac involvement needs to be considered early on in critically ill COVID-19 patients, and even after the acute respiratory phase is passing. This Statement presents a screening algorithm to better identify COVID-19 patients at risk for severe heart failure and circulatory collapse, while balancing the need to protect health care workers and preserve personal protective equipment (PPE). The significance of serum troponin levels and the role of telemetry and targeted transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in patient investigation and management are addressed, as are fundamental considerations in the management of acute heart failure in COVID-19 patients.

关键词： COVID-19 Acute cardiomyopathy Myocarditis High sensitivity troponin Targeted transthoracic echocardiogram screening algorithm

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Pilot testing of an online training module about screening for acute HIV infection in adult patients seeking urgent healthcare

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INTERNATIONAL HEALTH 2019年第2期11卷 93-100页

作者： Rafferty, Hannah Chirro, Oscar Oduor, Clifford Wahome, Elizabeth Ngoi, Caroline van der Elst, Elise Berger, Rene Rowland-Jones, Sarah Graham, Susan M. Sanders, Eduard J. KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme Ctr Geog Med R P Box 230 Kilifi Kenya USAID Nairobi Kenya Univ Oxford Nuffield Dept Med Oxford OX3 7BN England Univ Washington 359909325 Ninth Ave Seattle WA 98104 USA

Background Acute HIV infection (AHI) is the phase of HIV infection immediately after acquisition, during which many patients develop symptoms and often seek healthcare. However, clinicians in sub-Saharan Africa are not currently taught about AHI. Methods This study pilot-tested a self-directed AHI training module among clinical officers (COs) in coastal Kenya and assessed knowledge gained and challenges to instituting screening. The training module included four domains: AHI definition and importance of AHI recognition;symptoms and screening algorithms;diagnostic strategies;and management. AHI knowledge was assessed before and immediately after training. Participants' ability to utilize an AHI screening algorithm was evaluated with a case-based exercise. Results Self-directed training was completed by 45 COs. Pre-test scores were low (median score 35% IQR 30-45%), but improved significantly after training (median post-test score 75%, IQR 70-85%, Wilcoxon signed-rank test p<0.0001). Participants had challenges in understanding the utility and application of a screening algorithm to identify patients for whom AHI testing would be indicated. Knowledge of AHI was poor at baseline, but improved with self-directed learning. Based on these findings, we revised and improved the AHI training module and pre- and post-assessments, which are now freely available online at ***. Conclusions Guidelines on AHI screening and diagnosis are urgently needed in high HIV transmission areas.

关键词： acute HIV infection febrile patient online learning screening algorithm self-directed learning

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A screening Protocol for Exploring Loop Length Requirements for the Formation of a Three Cytosine-Cytosine+Base-Paired i-Motif

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第41期135卷

作者： Dr. Michele Ghezzo Dr. Marko Trajkovski Prof. Janez Plavec Prof. Claudia Sissi Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Science University of Padua Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padua Italy Slovenian NMR Centre National Institute of Chemistry Hajdrihova 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia

DNA sequences containing at least four runs of repetitive cytosines can fold into tetra-helical structures called i-Motifs (iMs). The interest in these DNA secondary structures is increasing due to their therapeutical and technological applications. Still, limited knowledge of their folding requirements is currently available. We developed a novel step-by-step pipeline for the systematic screening of putative iM-forming model sequences. Focusing on structures comprising only three cytosine-cytosine + base pairs, we investigated what the minimal lengths of the loops required for formation of an intra-molecular iM are. Our data indicate that two and three nucleotides are required to connect the strands through the minor and majorgrooves of the iM, respectively. Additionally, they highlight an asymmetric behavior according to the distribution of the cytosines. Specifically, no sequence containing a single cytosine in the first and third run was able to fold into intra-molecular iMs with the same stability of those formed when the first and the third run comprise two cytosines. This knowledge represents a step forward toward the development of prediction tools for the proper identification of biologically functional iMs, as well as for the rational design of these secondary structures as technological devices.

关键词： Calorimetry DNA i-Motif screening algorithm Spectroscopy

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Switching from expectorated to induced sputum cultures for tuberculosis diagnosis reduces cost without increasing risk

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL 2019年第8期47卷 1022-1024页

作者： Mohiuddin, Qasim A. Parkes, Leighanne Gardam, Michael Univ Hlth Network Infect Prevent & Control Toronto ON Canada Jewish Gen Hosp Div Infect Dis Montreal PQ Canada Jewish Gen Hosp Dept Med Montreal PQ Canada CIUSSS Ctr Ouest Ile de Montreal Infect Prevent & Control Montreal PQ Canada Toronto Western Hosp TB Clin Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada

Active pulmonary tuberculosis testing with 3 expectorated sputa can increase isolation days and expenditures compared with 1 induced sputum. Six-month retrospective and prospective chart reviews were conducted, and a screening algorithm was phased into 2 hospital sites. With induced sputum testing, isolation decreased from 7 to 4 days (interquartile range, 4-3, P = .0135), and there was a cost savings of $7,275 per case, with no added harm. (C) 2019 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： TB Isolation days Expenditures screening algorithm General medicine Airborne precautions

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Bayesian analysis of baseline risk of CIN2 and ≥CIN3 by HPV genotype in a European referral cohort

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER 2019年第4期145卷 1033-1041页

作者： Bonde, Jesper Bottari, Fabio Parvu, Valentin Pedersen, Helle Yanson, Karen Iacobone, Anna D. Kodsi, Salma Landoni, Fabio Vaughan, Laurence Ejegod, Ditte M. Sandri, Maria T. Univ Copenhagen Hvidovre Hosp Dept Pathol Mol Pathol Lab Kettegard Alle 30 DK-2650 Hvidovre Denmark European Inst Oncol Lab Med Div Milan Italy Becton Dickinson & Co Sparks MD USA European Inst Oncol Prevent Gynecol Unit Milan Italy Univ Milano Bicocca Dept Med & Surg Milan Italy Humanitas Res Hosp Lab Anal Clin Milan Italy

Whereas HPV16 and HPV18 have been the focus in current risk-based cervical cancer screening algorithms using HPV genotype information, mounting evidence suggests that oncogenic HPV types such as HPV31, 33, 52 and 58 pose a >= CIN3 risk equivalent to or greater than that of HPV18, and the combined risk of HPV31 and HPV33 rivals even HPV16 in women above 30 years of age. Here, we evaluate the baseline risk of CIN2 and CIN3 by genotype in a colposcopy referral population from Denmark and Italy. In total, 655 women were enrolled upon a referral to colposcopy after a positive screening sample. All samples were HPV analyzed using Onclarity HPV assay with extended genotyping and combined with the histology outcomes, a Bayesian probability modeling was used to determine the risk per genotype assessed. The combined data for this referral population showed that the >= CIN2 risk of HPV16 was 69.1%, HPV31 at 63.3%, HPV33/58 at 52.7%, HPV18 at 46.6% and HPV52 at 40.8%. For >= CIN3, the risks were 44.3%, 38.5%, 36.8%, 30.9% and 16.8% for HPV16, HPV31, HPV18, HPV33/58 and HPV52, respectively, indicating that the baseline risk of disease arising from HPV16 is, not surprisingly, the highest among the oncogenic HPV genotypes. We find that the HPV genotype-specific >= CIN2 and >= CIN3 risk-patterns are so distinct that, for example, 35/39/68 and 56/59/66 should be considered only for low intensive follow-up, thereby proposing active use of this information in triage strategies for screening HPV-positive women.

关键词： HPV bayesian cervical cancer cervical screening genotypes referral population risk analysis screening algorithm

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Research on the Integral Metrological Performance of Evaluation Method of Smart Electricity Meters 3

Research on the Integral Metrological Performance of Evaluat...

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3rd International Conference on Smart Grid and Smart Cities (ICSGSC)

作者： Wang Huanning Huang Yan Yao Hejun Ding Xiang Tan Hengyu Jin Senlin Beijing Inst Metrol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728138480

Smart electricity meters are the data bases of monitoring, auditing, counting and analyzing of energy [1]. The verification qualification rate of every single meter can be 99.99% with the fast development of electricity technology, but the risk of error drift still exists in using process. In this article we analyzed the evaluation method of metrological error of smart meters and evaluated the integral metrological level of a smart electricity meters.

关键词： Smart meter screening algorithm Remote monitoring

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The first validated criteria for effective screening and a new simplified method for α-globin gene sequencing for diagnosis of uncommon α-globin mutations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY 2017年第6期105卷 819-827页

作者： Uaprasert, Noppacharn Settapiboon, Rung Amornsiriwat, Supaporn Sutcharitchan, Pranee Rojnuckarin, Ponlapat Chulalongkorn Univ Dept Med Fac Med Div Hematol Bangkok 10330 Thailand Thai Red Cross Soc King Chulalongkorn Mem Hosp Bangkok 10330 Thailand

No well-defined phenotypes that distinguish between unknown alpha- and beta-globin mutations have been reported to date. Direct DNA sequencing of alpha-globin genes can be technically challenging, as alpha 1- and alpha 2-globin genes are nearly indistinguishable. To detect hemoglobin variants (HbXs) on Hb analysis, the entire beta- and alpha-globin genes were directly sequenced using a newly developed sequencing protocol for alpha-globin genes. An algorithm to distinguish between alpha- and beta-HbXs was constructed and subsequently validated in the independent validation group. Distinctive characteristics that can distinguish 39 alpha-HbXs from 24 beta-HbXs were the presence of unidentifiable variants of HbA(2) and/or HbX of < 37% on isoelectric focusing and < 31% on high-performance liquid chromatography. Another set of 67 HbXs was employed to validate our algorithm. This accurately predicted 33 alpha-HbXs with 100% sensitivity and 97.1% specificity. Our sequencing protocol for alpha-globin genes was able to identify 11 rare mutations among all exons of both alpha-globin genes from 72 subjects. Six of these variants were first discovered in Thais. This is the first well-characterized algorithm for distinguishing unknown Hb variants in a large cohort. Our validated criteria and DNA sequencing procedure are highly efficient for molecular characterization of rare Hb mutations.

关键词： screening algorithm DNA sequencing alpha-Hemoglobin variants Validation

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A Metrological Risk Evaluation System of Smart Electricity Meters Based On Big Data 8

A Metrological Risk Evaluation System of Smart Electricity M...

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8th IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics - Applications and Student Innovation Competition (IEEE IWEM)

作者： Wang Huanning Huang Yan Yao Hejun Ding Xiang Beijing Inst Metrol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509063932

Smart electricity meter are the data bases of monitoring, auditing, counting and analyzing of energy [1]. At present, there are almost 400 million smart meters installed in China, although the meters put into use are qualified, the risk of error drift is still exist in the process of using, which will cause energy monitoring and statistical errors. Based on a large amount of first-check error data of the meters, we proposed a simple and effective method to analyze and evaluate the risk of error drift in the process of using.

关键词： Smart meter screening algorithm Fault screening Error drift

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