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Segment confidence-based binary segmentation (SCBS) for cursive handwritten words

EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2011年第9期38卷 11167-11175页

作者： Verma, Brijesh Lee, Hong CQUniv Sch Comp Sci Rockhampton Qld 4702 Australia

A novel segment confidence-based binary segmentation (SCBS) for cursive handwritten words is presented in this paper. SCBS is a character segmentation strategy for off-line cursive handwriting recognition. Unlike the approaches in the literature, SCBS is an unordered segmentation approach. SCBS is repetition of binary segmentation and fusion of segment confidence. Each repetition generates only one final segmentation point. The binary segmentation module is a contour tracing algorithm to find a segmentation path to divide a segment into two segments. A set of segments before binary segmentation is called pre-segments, and a set of segments after binary segmentation is called post-segments. SCBS uses over-segmentation technique to generate suspicious segmentation points on pre-segments. On each suspicious segmentation point, binary segmentation is performed and the highest fusion value is recorded. lithe highest fusion value is greater than the one of pre-segments, the suspicious segmentation point becomes the final segmentation point for the iteration. If not, no more segmentation is required. Segment confidence is obtained by fusing mean character, lexical and shape confidences. The proposed approach has been evaluated on local and benchmark (CEDAR) databases. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural networks segmentation algorithms Handwriting recognition

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Anatomical segmentation for Guided Fluorescence Molecular Tomography in Small Animals

Anatomical Segmentation for Guided Fluorescence Molecular To...

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IEEE 37th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC)

作者： Pimpalkhare, Monish Venugopal, Vivek Chen, Jin Intes, Xavier Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Biomed Engn Troy NY 12180 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781612848266

In this work, we investigate the performances of segmentation algorithms applied to micro-CT images of small animal to derive anatomical templates for guided Fluorescence Molecular Tomography. We report on the performances of Active Contours methods to retrieve the boundary surface of the specimen and the internal distribution of a fluorescent probe. The spatial information gained from this segmentation procedure is used to cast an accurate light propagation forward model and used as spatial prior to constrain the optical inverse problem.

关键词： Active contours Biomedical optical imaging Fluorescence Image edge detection Image segmentation Optical imaging active contour methods anatomical segmentation anatomical templates biomedical optical imaging computerised tomography fluorescence fluorescent probe guided fluorescence molecular tomography image segmentation medical image processing micro-CT images optical inverse problem segmentation algorithms small animals specimen boundary surface

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Comparison of retinal thickness by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography and OCT retinal image analysis software segmentation analysis derived from Stratus optical coherence tomography images

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011年第5期16卷 056004-056004-9页

作者： Tatrai, Erika Ranganathan, Sudarshan Ferencz, Maria DeBuc, Delia Cabrera Somfai, Gabor Mark Semmelweis Univ Dept Ophthalmol Fac Med H-1085 Budapest Hungary Univ Miami Miller Sch Med Bascom Palmer Eye Inst Miami FL 33136 USA

Purpose: To compare thickness measurements between Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) and time-domain OCT images analyzed with a custom-built OCT retinal image analysis software (OCTRIMA). Methods: Macular mapping (MM) by StratusOCT and MM5 and MM6 scanning protocols by an RTVue-100 FD-OCT device are performed on 11 subjects with no retinal pathology. Retinal thickness (RT) and the thickness of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) obtained with the MM6 protocol are compared for each early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS)-like region with corresponding results obtained with OCTRIMA. RT results are compared by analysis of variance with Dunnett post hoc test, while GCC results are compared by paired t-test. Results: A high correlation is obtained for the RT between OCTRIMA and MM5 and MM6 protocols. In all regions, the StratusOCT provide the lowest RT values (mean difference 43 +/- 8 mu m compared to OCTRIMA, and 42 +/- 14 mu m compared to RTVue MM6). All RTVue GCC measurements were significantly thicker (mean difference between 6 and 12 mu m) than the GCC measurements of OCTRIMA. Conclusion: High correspondence of RT measurements is obtained not only for RT but also for the segmentation of intraretinal layers between FD-OCT and StratusOCT-derived OCTRIMA analysis. However, a correction factor is required to compensate for OCT-specific differences to make measurements more comparable to any available OCT device. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3573817]

关键词： optical coherence tomography image processing segmentation algorithms Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography time-domain optical coherence tomography retina

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A review of 3D vessel lumen segmentation techniques: Models, features and extraction schemes

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MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS 2009年第6期13卷 819-845页

作者： Lesage, David Angelini, Elsa D. Bloch, Isabelle Funka-Lea, Gareth CNRS LTCI Inst Telecom Paris France Siemens Corp Res Imaging & Visualizat Dept Princeton NJ USA

Vascular diseases are among the most important public health problems in developed countries. Given the size and complexity of modern angiographic acquisitions, segmentation is a key step toward the accurate visualization, diagnosis and quantification of vascular pathologies. Despite the tremendous amount of past and on-going dedicated research, vascular segmentation remains a challenging task. In this paper, we review state-of-the-art literature on vascular segmentation, with a particular focus on 3D contrast-enhanced imaging modalities (MRA and CTA). We structure our analysis along three axes: models, features and extraction schemes. We first detail model-based assumptions on the vessel appearance and geometry which can embedded in a segmentation approach. We then review the image features that can be extracted to evaluate these models. Finally, we discuss how existing extraction schemes combine model and feature information to perform the segmentation task. Each component (model, feature and extraction scheme) plays a crucial role toward the efficient, robust and accurate segmentation of vessels of interest. Along each axis of study, we discuss the theoretical and practical properties of recent approaches and highlight the most advanced and promising ones. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Review Vascular segmentation Vascular models Vessel-dedicated features segmentation algorithms 3D angiography Computed tomography angiography (CTA) Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

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Efficient algorithms for segmentation of item-set time series

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DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY 2008年第3期17卷 377-401页

作者： Chundi, Parvathi Rosenkrantz, Daniel J. Univ Nebraska Dept Comp Sci Omaha NE 68106 USA SUNY Albany Dept Comp Sci Albany NY 12222 USA

We propose a special type of time series, which we call an item-set time series, to facilitate the temporal analysis of software version histories, email logs, stock market data, etc. In an item-set time series, each observed data value is a set of discrete items. We formalize the concept of an item-set time series and present efficient algorithms for segmenting a given item-set time series. segmentation of a time series partitions the time series into a sequence of segments where each segment is constructed by combining consecutive time points of the time series. Each segment is associated with an item set that is computed from the item sets of the time points in that segment, using a function which we call a measure function. We then define a concept called the segment difference, which measures the difference between the item set of a segment and the item sets of the time points in that segment. The segment difference values are required to construct an optimal segmentation of the time series. We describe novel and efficient algorithms to compute segment difference values for each of the measure functions described in the paper. We outline a dynamic programming based scheme to construct an optimal segmentation of the given item-set time series. We use the item-set time series segmentation techniques to analyze the temporal content of three different data sets-Enron email, stock market data, and a synthetic data set. The experimental results show that an optimal segmentation of item-set time series data captures much more temporal content than a segmentation constructed based on the number of time points in each segment, without examining the item set data at the time points, and can be used to analyze different types of temporal data.

关键词： Item-set time series Measure function Segment difference segmentation algorithms Optimal segmentation

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segmentation of brain structures in presence of a space-occupying lesion

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NEUROIMAGE 2005年第4期24卷 990-996页

作者： Pollo, C Cuadra, MB Cuisenaire, O Villemure, JG Thiran, JP CHU Vaudois Dept Neurosurg CH-1011 Lausanne Switzerland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Signal Proc Inst CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Brain deformations induced by space-occupying lesions may result in unpredictable position and shape of functionally important brain structures. The aim of this study is to propose a method for segmentation of brain structures by deformation of a segmented brain atlas in presence of a space-occupying lesion. Our approach is based on an a priori model of lesion growth (MLG) that assumes radial expansion from a seeding point and involves three steps: first, an affine registration bringing the atlas and the patient into global correspondence;then, the seeding of a synthetic tumor into the brain atlas providing a template for the lesion;finally, the deformation of the seeded atlas, combining a method derived from optical flow principles and a model of lesion growth. The method was applied on two meningiomas inducing a pure displacement of the underlying brain structures, and segmentation accuracy of ventricles and basal ganglia was assessed. Results show that the segmented structures were consistent with the patient's anatomy and that the deformation accuracy of surrounding brain structures was highly dependent on the accurate placement of the tumor seeding point. Further improvements of the method will optimize the segmentation accuracy. Visualization of brain structures provides useful information for therapeutic consideration of space-occupying lesions, including surgical, radio-surgical, and radiotherapeutic planning, in order to increase treatment efficiency and prevent neurological damage. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： space-occupying lesions neurological damage atlas-based MR segmentation algorithms

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Unsupervised perceptual model for color image's segmentation

Unsupervised perceptual model for color image's segmentation

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Annual Meeting of the North-American-Fuzzy-Information-Processing-Society

作者： Sobrevilla, P Gómez, D Montero, J Montseny, E Tech Univ Catalonia Appl Math Dept 2 Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)078039187X

Color segmentation is a fundamental, step in image understanding. Moreover, for getting accurate color image's segmentation algorithms, human being's perception of color should be considered. In this line we propose an unsupervised segmentation algorithm that is based on a fuzzy graph coloring process for representing the fuzzy color similarity degrees among neighboring pixels from a perceptual point of view. As main goal is to detect and extract the regions explaining the image, we stress the role of coloring procedures for unsupervised segmentation and fuzzy classification by means of useful, comprehensive and simple enough fuzzy graphical representations.

关键词： segmentation algorithms image classification coloring problem fuzzy sets perceptual vision

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Method for bias field correction of brain T1-weighted magnetic resonance images minimizing segmentation error

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HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING 2004年第2期22卷 133-144页

作者： Gispert, JD Reig, S Pascau, J Vaquero, JJ García-Barreno, P Desco, M Hosp Gen Gregorio Maranon Lab Imagen Med Med & Cirugia Expt E-28007 Madrid Spain

This work presents a new algorithm (nonuniform intensity correction;NIC) for correction of intensity inhomogeneities in T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. The bias field and a bias-free image are obtained through an iterative process that uses brain tissue segmentation. The algorithm was validated by means of realistic phantom images and a set of 24 real images. The first evaluation phase was based on a public domain phantom dataset, used previously to assess bias field correction algorithms. NIC performed similar to previously described methods in removing the bias field from phantom images, without introduction of degradation in the absence of intensity inhomogeneity. The real image dataset was used to compare the performance of this new algorithm to that of other widely used methods (N3, SPM'99, and SPM2). This dataset included both low and high bias field images from two different MR scanners of low (0.5 T) and medium (1.5 T) static fields. Using standard quality criteria for determining the goodness of the different methods, NIC achieved the best results, correcting the images of the real MR dataset, enabling its systematic use in images from both low and medium static field MR scanners. A limitation of our method is that it might fail if the bias field is so high that the initial histogram does not show bimodal distribution for white and gray matter. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

关键词： nonuniform intensity correction NIC magnetic resonance imaging bias field intensity inhomogeneities segmentation algorithms

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Pipelined temporal difference imager

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2002年第7期38卷 315-317页

作者： Gruev, V Etienne-Cummings, R Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Baltimore MD 21218 USA

A 189 x 182 active pixel sensor for temporal difference computation is presented. The temporal difference imager, fabricated in AMI 0.5 mum process, contains in-pixel storage elements for previous and current frames. A pipelined architecture for difference readout is implemented, allowing >200 fps, 42 dB signal-to-noise ratio images and 8-bit precision of the difference image. The chip consumes 30 mW at 50 fps from 5 V power supply.

关键词： pipelined temporal difference imager high-speed computation image segmentation Image sensors pipeline processing AM1 0.5 μm process high-speed integrated circuits digital readout CMOS image sensors 34398 pixel difference image segmentation algorithms difference readout signal-to-noise ratio images 5 V 30 mW CMOS integrated circuits 189 pixel in-pixel storage elements CMOS active pixel sensor temporal difference computation 182 pixel Optical, image and video signal processing 0.5 micron pipelined architecture Signal processing and conditioning equipment and techniques

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Image analysis of neuropsychological test responses

Image analysis of neuropsychological test responses

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Conference on Image Processing - Medical Imaging 1996

作者： Smith, SL Hiller, DL UNIV YORK DEPT ELECTRYORK YO1 5DDN YORKSHIREENGLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819420859

This paper reports recent advances in the development of an automated approach to neuropsychological testing. High performance image analysis algorithms have been developed as part of a convenient and non-invasive computer-based system to provide an objective assessment of patient responses to figure-copying tests. Tests of this type are important in determining the neurological function of patients following stroke through evaluation of their visuo-spatial performance. Many conventional neuropsychological tests suffer from the serious drawback that subjective judgement on the part of the tester is required in the measurement of the patient's response which leads to a qualitative neuropsychological assessment that can be both inconsistent and inaccurate. Results for this automated approach are presented for three clinical populations: patients suffering right hemisphere stroke are compared with adults with no known neurological disorder and a population comprising normal school children of 11 years is presented to demonstrate the sensitivity of the technique. As well as providing a more reliable and consistent diagnosis this technique is sufficiently sensitive to monitor a patient's progress over a period of time and will provide the neuropsychologist with a practical means of evaluating the effectiveness of therapy or medication administered as part of a rehabilitation program.

关键词： image processing computer-aided diagnosis neuropsychological testing segmentation algorithms multivariate data analysis

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