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Colorimetric - Fluorescence - Photothermal tri-mode sensor array combining the machine learning method for the selective identification of sulfonylurea pesticides

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BIOsensorS & BIOELECTRONICS 2025年 277卷 117286页

作者： Tian, Tian Song, Donghui Zhen, Linxue Bi, Zhichun Zhang, Ling Huang, Hui Li, Yongxin Jilin Univ Coll New Energy & Environm Key Lab Water Resources & Aquat Environm Jilin Pro Minist EducKey Lab Groundwater Resources & Enviro Changchun 130021 Peoples R China Jilin Univ Coll Food Sci & Engn Changchun 130025 Peoples R China

Though cholinesterase-based method could detect two types of pesticides (organophosphorus and carbamate), they had weak sensing on sulfonylurea pesticides. In our previous work, the peroxidase-like reaction system of nanozyme - H2O2 - TMB showed selective detection of sulfonylurea pesticides, but the single-signal output sensing platform was easily affected by complex matrix background, cross-contamination and human error. Therefore, this work used colorimetric, photothermal, and fluorescent signals of the nanozyme reaction as sensing units for the detection of pesticides. This is the first time that photothermal signals have been used to construct a sensor array. When the concentration of interfering substances was 25 times that of pesticides, the method was still unaffected and had excellent selectivity and anti-interference performance. Meanwhile, a concentration-independent differentiation mode was established based on the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm. The pesticides were detected and distinguished with 100% accuracy. This work contributed to the detection of sulfonylurea pesticides in complex environmental/food matrices, bridging the gap of existing pesticide detection methods and providing an effective method for food safety detection.

关键词： Sulfonylurea pesticides Nanozyme sensor array Machine learning Multi-signal

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Fluorescent discrimination for snake venom via a dual-mode supramolecular sensor array

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PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2025年

作者： Tian, Han-Wen Tian, Jia-Hong Hu, Xin-Yue Guo, Dong-Sheng Tianjin Normal Univ Acad Interdisciplinary Studies Intelligent Mol Coll Chem Tianjin Key Lab Struct & Performance Funct Mol Tianjin 300387 Peoples R China Nankai Univ Tianjin Key Lab Biosensing & Mol Recognit Collaborat Innovat Ctr Chem Sci & Engn Coll ChemKey Lab Funct Polymer MatMinist EducSt Tianjin 300071 Peoples R China

Precise snake venom identification is the prerequisite for clinical treatment, production of antiserum, basic research, and other applications. Unfortunately, it is still a challenging task which mainly originates from their extraordinary complicated protein composition. Differential sensing strategy was applied benefiting from its advantage in discrimination of complex mixtures. Herein, A dual-mode supramolecular fluorescent sensor array based on the heteromultivalent sensing strategy was developed. The heteromultivalent macrocyclic coassemblies with strong and pan-selective binding to proteins were employed to construct sensor units. Fluorescence intensity and anisotropy signals were integrated, which were expected to show multidimensional information of proteins, such as surface groups, protein structures, and molecular weights. Finally, a supramolecular sensor array with the ability of facile, rapid and general species-specific identification and taxonomic classification for snake venom was constructed. The sensor array also demonstrated its advantage in semiquantitative analysis and multi-level identification, suggesting its great potential for practical use.

关键词： ICPOC-26 molecular recognition sensor array snake venom supramolecular chemistry

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Intramicellar sensor assays: Improving sensing sensitivity of sensor array for thiol biomarkers

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BIOsensorS & BIOELECTRONICS 2025年 273卷 117173页

作者： Niu, Hongyang Li, Haichun Wang, Yi Hu, Bingtao Liu, Xue Liaoning Univ Liaoning Prov Key Lab Green Synth & Preparat Chem Shenyang 110036 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Phys & Math Sci Singapore 637371 Singapore Tianjin Univ Anal Ctr Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Gen Hosp Northern Theater Command Dept Lab Med Ctr Shenyang 110016 Peoples R China

array-based analysis allows for precise disease diagnosis by simultaneously detecting multiple biomarkers. However, most array sensing platforms rely on non-covalent interactions between sensors and analytes, which limits their sensitivity. This study enhances the sensitivity of array analysis for thiol biomarkers by incorporating polyion complex micelles into the sensor array design. Polyion complex micelles are formed through the selfassembly of carbon dots (CDs) and anionic diblock copolymers. The sensing detection process can occur inside the core of the micelle, the confined space and ionic environment within the core reduce the interaction distance between CDs, metal ions, and analytes, thereby significantly improving detection sensitivity while minimizing metal ions consumption. The developed array system can accurately identify multiple thiols across a broad concentration range (0.5-1000 mu M) with 100% accuracy. Additionally, support vector machine (SVM) analysis reveals a detection limit of approximately 0.1 mu M for individual thiol systems. Compared to non-micellar approaches, this micelle-based array reduces the detection limit for thiol biomarkers by 20-fold and decreases Ag+ usage by 40-fold. The system is suitable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of thiol biomarkers, offering a powerful tool for the accurate diagnosis of thiol-related diseases.

关键词： sensor array Polyionic complex micelles Thiols Biomarkers

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Omnidirectionally Stretchable Spin-Valve sensor array with Stable Giant Magnetoresistance Performance

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ACS NANO 2025年第5期19卷 5699-5708页

作者： Pan, Lili Xie, Yali Yang, Huali Bao, Xilai Chen, Jinxia Zou, Mengting Li, Run-Wei Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Magnet Mat & Devices CAS Ningbo 315201 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Magnet Mat & Applicat Techno Ningbo 315201 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Future Technol Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Flexible magnetic sensors, which have advantages such as deformability, vector field sensing, and noncontact detection, are an important branch of flexible electronics and have significant applications in fields such as magnetosensitive electronic skin. Human skin surfaces have complicated deformations, which pose a demand for magnetic sensors that can withstand omnidirectional strain while maintaining stable performance. However, existing flexible magnetic sensor arrays can only withstand stretching along specific directions and are prone to failure under complicated deformations. Here, we demonstrate an omnidirectionally stretchable spin-valve sensor array with high stretchability and excellent performance. By integrating the modulus-distributed structure with liquid metal, the sensor can maintain its performance under complex deformations, enabling the overall system with omnidirectional stretchability. The fabricated spin-valve sensor exhibits a nearly unchanged giant magnetoresistance ratio of 8% and a maximum sensitivity of 0.93%/Oe upon omnidirectional strain up to 86% and can maintain stable performance without fatigue for over 1000 stretching cycles. Furthermore, this spin-valve sensor array is characterized by stable sensing performance for magnetic fields under complicated deformations and can be applied as a magnetosensitive electronic skin. Our results provide insights into the development of next-generation stretchable and wearable magnetoelectronics.

关键词： magnetosensitive electronic skin omnidirectionalstretchability spin-valve sensor array modulus-distributedstructure

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A dual-mode transparent flexible pressure sensor array for tactile sensing visualization

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2025年 510卷

作者： Fang, Chenyu Zhao, Leilei Su, Wenwen Qin, Binyu Poechmueller, Peter Shandong Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Jinan 250101 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Sch Pharm Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China

Flexible pressure sensors exhibit significant potential for applications in robotics, smart medical devices, and human-computer interaction;however, achieving transparency, high sensitivity, and multimodal perception simultaneously presents numerous challenges. In this study, we present a dual-mode transparent flexible pressure sensor array (DPSA) based on triboelectric and capacitive sensing principles. The sensor utilizes radio-frequency magnetron sputtering to deposit ITO films onto a flexible PET substrate, combined with a bilayer hemispherical PDMS elastomer to create a sandwich structure with high spatial resolution. This design enhances the sensor's sensitivity and multimodal sensing capabilities by leveraging the change in contact area between the hemispherical PDMS array and the transparent electrodes. Utilizing a custom data acquisition system, the DPSA can monitor multi-touch and sliding trajectories in real time across a wide pressure range. In capacitive mode, the DPSA exhibits a sensitivity of 1.36 kPa-1 and a response time of 3.9 ms at low pressure ranges;in triboelectric mode, it achieves a sensitivity of 0.25 kPa-1 and a minimum detection limit of 0.3 Pa across higher pressure ranges. Experimental results demonstrate that the DPSA exhibits excellent performance in tactile sensing and external force detection, highlighting its significant potential for future applications in intelligent tactile systems and wireless human-machine interfaces.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Dual mode Pressure sensitivity sensor array Tactile sensing

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Dual Recognition Strategy-Based Transistor sensor array for Ultrasensitive and Multi-Target Detection of Antibiotics

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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2025年第3期35卷

作者： Tao, Tian Wei, Xiaojie Ye, Ziwei Zong, Boyang Li, Qiuju Mao, Shun Tongji Univ Shanghai East Hosp Biomed Multidisciplinary Innovat Res Inst Coll Environm Sci & EngnState Key Lab Pollut Cont 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Shanghai Inst Pollut Control & Ecol Secur Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Multi-target detection is a notable development direction in the field of analytical methods, boasting significant potential for breakthroughs in complex sample detection. Herein, an extended gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) sensor array for ultrasensitive and multi-target detection of antibiotics is developed. To enhance the recognition ability for diverse antibiotics, a dual-recognition strategy based on tailor-made molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and aptamer is adopted to fabricate the extended gate electrode (sensing electrode). The dual-recognition strategy-based EGFET exhibits superior sensitivity, selectivity, and stability compared to single recognition probes due to the synergistic effect of the affinities of MIP and specific aptamer. The developed sensor array can detect three types of antibiotics, including ampicillin, amoxicillin, and kanamycin, at the same time with record-low detection limit (fM level) and a detection range spanning six orders of magnitude. The practical detection of antibiotics in various samples (tap water, river water, milk, honey, and artificial urine) further validates the feasibility of the sensor array in practical applications. The key advantages of flexibility, high sensitivity and selectivity, and multifunctionality demonstrate the high potential of EGFET sensor array for simultaneous detection of multiple target molecules.

关键词： antibiotics extended gate field-effect transistor MIP-aptamer hybrid multi-target detection sensor array

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A novel quantum dot-based ratiometric fluorescence sensor array: For reducing substances detection and Baijiu quality discrimination

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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 2025年 1347卷 343785页

作者： Xia, Xuhui Zhao, Peng Zheng, Jia Li, Xuheng Zeng, Xin Men, Dianhui Luo, Yiyao Hou, Changjun Huo, Danqun Chongqing Univ Key Lab Biol Sci & Technol Minist Educ Bioengn Coll Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Coll Bioengn Key Lab Sichuan Prov Liquor Making Biol Technol & Applicat 188 Univ Town Yi Bin 644000 Peoples R China Wuliangye Grp Co Ltd Strong Flavor Baijiu Solid State Fermentat Key Lab Yibin 644007 Peoples R China

Background: Discriminating the quality of baijiu is critical for fostering the growth of the China baijiu market and safeguarding customers' rights. However, establishing a small-scale and rapid baijiu discriminating sensor assay still remains a challenge. Results: Here, we first introduced ratiometric fluorescence sensor array for the detection of reducing substances in baijiu to achieve baijiu discrimination. A ratiometric fluorescence sensor array is built using 2,3-diaminophenazine (oxidized-state OPD, oxOPD) to quench three distinct fluorescence signals of quantum dots while reducing interference from background signals. The reducing chemicals in baijiu can react with Ag+, weakening the quenching effect and changing the ratio. The discriminating of 12 types of organic small molecules which were presented in baijiu was achieved with 97.2 % accuracy by using machine learning classification methods. Meanwhile, 0.1 mu M limit of detection (LOD) for ascorbic acid shows that our methods have the potential to quantitative detect reducing substances. In real sample detection, our methods can discriminate 10 distinct qualities of baijiu with 100 % accuracy. We also encoded the fingerprints of different varieties of baijiu for quality control and information reading. Significance and novelty: Overall, our easy but robust sensing array not only overcomes the problem of background signal interference but also gives an ideal way for discriminating different qualities of baijiu, food and other areas.

关键词： Quantum dots Rtiometric fluorescence sensor array Baijiu discriminating

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One-component dual-mode sensor array for identification and quantification of biothiols

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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025年 329卷 125555页

作者： Ning, Yuanna Wang, Yongbo Wang, Shaojie Wang, Wencai Shaanxi Univ Sci & Technol Sch Biol & Pharmaceut Sci Xian 710021 Peoples R China Shanxi Univ Xinghuacun Coll Sch Life Sci Taiyuan 030006 Peoples R China

Biothiol analysis is significant to health assessment and early detection of potential diseases. Considering practical requirements, simple and rapid identification and determination of biothiols are still a great challenge due to the similar structures. Fortunately, the recently emerging colorimetric sensor array technique makes such a task possible. Herein, one-component dual-mode sensor array consisting of carbon dots (CDs) and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) system was designed for identification and quantification of biothiols. The identification principle is based on the inner filter effect (IFE) and different binding constants. Due to the IFE between CDs and AgNPs, the fluorescence of CDs was quenched, but recovered again after addition of biothiols because of the binding of biothiols with AgNPs. Significantly, the fluorescence recovered in varying degree due to the different binding constants of biothiols to AgNPs. Meanwhile, the absorbance of the system decreased and the color of the solution deepened. Therefore, the CDs-AgNPs system with fluorescence and absorbance response was used as the single sensing unit and generated the cross-responsive signal for different biothiols. The sensor array achieved 100 % accuracy in identifying biothiols and biothiol mixtures. Moreover, the rapid quantification of biothiols in serum samples was also achieved by RGB-based smartphone colorimetry. The way to construct one component sensor array with dual mode signal outputs tremendously saves cost and time, providing a powerful tool for the identification of different biothiols. In addition, the rapid quantification of biothiols in serum samples based on RGB-based smartphone colorimetry demonstrated its powerful application prospects in disease diagnosis.

关键词： Biothiols sensor array Carbon dots Ag nanoparticles Dual mode

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A novel ratiometric fluorescent sensor array based on the copper clusters hydrogels coupling of DNA

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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025年 327卷 125364页

作者： Cao, Haiyan Dong, Wenfei Shi, Si Shi, Wenbing Yangtze Normal Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Chongqing Key Lab New Chem Mat Shale Gas Chongqing 408100 Peoples R China Chongqing Med & Pharmaceut Coll Affiliated Hosp 1 Chongqing 400060 Peoples R China

Hydrogels with DNA possess flexible and designable 3D cross-linked polymer networks, which generate numerous specific stimulus-response characteristics through reasonable design for the potential sensor array applications. Unfortunately, the complementary fragments of specific nucleotide sequences that form cross-links in the hydrogels with DNA often come across these problems of instability and high-cost, leading to a serious impediment to further application. Herein, we construct a novel ratiometric fluorescence sensor array to discriminate and quantify metal ions based on the hydrogels with DNA. The dual-emission hydrogels with DNA were synthesized by the self-assembly reaction of agarose, low-cost nonspecific sequence double-stranded DNA, and optically active copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. Interestingly, different metal ions could precisely regulate the skeleton network of the hydrogels with DNA, leading to the change of their skeleton network and thus showing the distinguishing FL responses of the hydrogels with DNA. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the ratiometric fluorescence sensor array was used to discriminate four metal ions (Pb2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr(VI)) at multiple concentrations and metal ion mixtures. It exhibited a good linearity in quantitative analysis and reproducibility. Such a simple and high-sensitivity sensor array has been successfully applied to the high-through discrimination of toxic metal ions in environmental and serum samples.

关键词： Metal nanoclusters Metal ions Ratiometric fluorescence sensor array

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pH-regulated CQDs@Eu/GMP ICP sensor array and its fingerprinting on 96-well plates: Toward point-of-use/specific identification and quantitation of six tetracyclines in animal farm wastewater, milks and milk-derivative products

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FOOD CHEMISTRY 2025年 468卷 142349页

作者： Gao, Ming Bian, Chang Wang, Junxia Liu, Yu Li, Zhenghao Zhao, Yutao Wang, Xuedong Suzhou Univ Sci & Technol Sch Environm Sci & Engn Suzhou 215009 Peoples R China Suzhou Shijing Technol Co Ltd No 58 Jinrui Rd Suzhou 215137 Peoples R China Suzhou Univ Sci & Technol Sch Environm Sci & Engn Suzhou Natl Joint Lab Green & Low Carbon Wastewate Suzhou 215009 Peoples R China

Herein, a "lab-on-an-AIE@Ln/ICP" sensor array was constructed by employing aggregation-induced emission carbon quantum dots (AIE-CQDs) as the guest and Eu/GMP ICP as the host. Based on the antenna effect (AE) and reductive photo-induced electron transfer (r-PET) between CQDs@Eu/GMP ICPs and tetracyclines (TCs), the asconstructed sensor produced satisfactorily dual-emitting fluorescence. By combining pH regulation with principal component analysis (PCA), the underlying fingerprinting patterns realized the specific identification and quantitation of six TCs in animal farm wastewater, milks and milk-derivative products. Through the aggregationinduced quenching of CQDs@Eu/GMP ICPs on test strips, the discernible fluorescence alterations were successfully utilized for developing smartphone-based visual assay. To sum up, the prominent novelty of this study lies in that based on the comprehensive principles of AE and r-PET along with combination of pH-adjustment and PCA, the pioneered sensor assay achieves specifically identifying and sensing individual TCs for their rapid and on-site detection in animal-derived matrices.

关键词： Lanthanide infinite coordination polymer sensor array Principal component analysis Tetracycline antibiotics Smartphone-based visual assay

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