This paper presents a new intra-day intra-hourly local flexibility market (LFM) framework to exploit distributed energy resources' (DERs) flexibility capabilities. A technical virtual power plant (TVPP) operates t...
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This paper presents a new intra-day intra-hourly local flexibility market (LFM) framework to exploit distributed energy resources' (DERs) flexibility capabilities. A technical virtual power plant (TVPP) operates the LFM in which the DER aggregators participate. The TVPP offers the provided flexibility capabilities to wholesale flexibility market (WFM) as well as compensating the intra-hourly variability in power distribution network. In the proposed framework, the TVPP clears the LFM by considering hierarchical transactions with the aggregator agents to find the market equilibrium in which the DERs' flexibility capabilities are optimally exploited while all participating agents make profit by trading flexibility capabilities in the LFM. A bilevel optimization model with multiple lower levels is considered to address different agents' preferences and transactions in the LFM. In the upper-levelproblem, the TVPP aims at maximizing its profit while each lower-levelproblem represents an aggregator agent's optimization problem. The proposed model is reformulated into a single-level mixed integer linear programming problem and is implemented on the distribution network connected to Bus 5 of the Roy Billinton test system (RBTS) as well as a 119-bus test system. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the model to utilize DERs' flexibility and provide revenue opportunities for different agents.
This study addresses the vulnerability analysis of power systems over a time horizon. The authors introduce a model which could be used by system operators to assess where and when, over a specific time horizon, their...
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This study addresses the vulnerability analysis of power systems over a time horizon. The authors introduce a model which could be used by system operators to assess where and when, over a specific time horizon, their power systems are most vulnerable to intentional attacks. This new time-phased vulnerability analysis is modelled as a bilevelprogrammingproblem in which in the upper level, an attacker determines the best attack plan, including the best locations and the best times over the time horizon, for launching attacks. In the lower level, the system operator minimises the system operation and load shedding costs. Using duality theory, the bilevel optimisation problem is converted into a mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints which is subsequently converted to a single-level mixed integer linear programming problem by means of linearisation techniques. This model is tested on modified Garver 6-bus test system, modified IEEE 24-bus reliability test system, and IEEE 300-bus test system. The results appreciate the capability of the proposed model and show that it is indispensable to consider the time in analysing the vulnerability of power systems.
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