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21st International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (ICFPT)

作者： Wojcicki, Filip Que, Zhiqiang Tapper, Alexander D. Luk, Wayne Imperial Coll London Dept Comp London England Imperial Coll London Dept Phys London England

ISBN: (数字)9781665453363

ISBN: (纸本)9781665453363

High Energy Physics studies the fundamental forces and elementary particles of the Universe. With the unprecedented scale of experiments comes the challenge of accurate, ultra-low latency decision-making. Transformer Neural Networks (TNNs) have been proven to accomplish cutting-edge accuracy in classification for hadronic jet tagging. Nevertheless, softwarecentered solutions targeting CPUs and GPUs lack the inference speed required for real-time particle triggers, most notably those at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. This paper proposes a novel TNN-based architecture, efficiently mapped to FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays, that outperforms GPU inference capabilities involving state-of-the-art neural network models by approximately 1000 times while preserving comparable classification accuracy. The design offers high customizability and aims to bridge the gap between hardware and software development by using High-Level Synthesis. Moreover, we propose a novel model-independent post-training quantization search algorithm that works in general hardware environments according to user-defined constraints. Experimental evaluation yields a 64% reduction in overall bit-widths with a 2% accuracy loss.

关键词： High energy physics Quantization (signal) Neural networks software algorithms Tagging Transformers Hardware

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Semi-automated Algorithm for Complex Test Data Generation for Interface-based Regression Testing of software Components 16

Semi-automated Algorithm for Complex Test Data Generation fo...

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16th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems (FedCSIS)

作者： Potuzak, Tomas Lipka, Richard Univ West Bohemia Dept Comp Sci & Engn NTIS New Technol Informat Soc European Ctr ExcellenceFac Appl Sci Univ 8 Plzen 30614 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9788395918384

This paper describes in detail the Complex Object Generation (COG) algorithm, which is a semi-automated algorithm for the generation of instances of classes (i.e., objects) with a complex inner structure for Java and similar languages designed for black-box testing (i.e., without available source code). The algorithm was developed and tested as a stand-alone algorithm and can be used as such (e.g., during unit testing). However, we plan to use it to generate the parameter values of generated method invocations, which is a vital part of our interface-based regression testing of software components.

关键词： Computer science Java Codes software algorithms software Testing

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In-Materio Computing Devices Composed of Random Network Nanoparticles for Future Autonomous Robot Operation 29

In-Materio Computing Devices Composed of Random Network Nano...

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29th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices - TFT Technologies and FPD Materials (AM-FPD)

作者： Tanaka, Hirofumi Kyushu Inst Technol Res Ctr Neuromorph AI Hardware 2-4 Hubikino Kitakyushu Fukuoka 8080196 Japan Kyushu Inst Technol Grad Sch Life Sci & Syst Engn 2-4 Hubikino Kitakyushu Fukuoka 8080196 Japan

ISBN: (数字)9784991216930

ISBN: (纸本)9784991216923

In recent years, the superior computational power of deep learning based on software has been widely recognized, and the practical applications of artificial intelligence are rapidly expanding. On the other hand, the hardware for replacing to such artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is facing the physical limits of scaling in silicon CMOS technology, and performance improvement is expected to hit the ceiling. For this reason, there is a growing interest in hardware technologies that physically implement artificial neural networks (ANNs). neuromorphic irtfonmtion processing systems, and the applications, as well as new materials and devices. Here, we report results on materials that can complement CMOS for Al systems such as organic polymers and nanocarbon materials. We will also report further trial to apply the materials to autonomous Al robots.

关键词： Performance evaluation Neuromorphics software algorithms Reservoirs Hardware software Silicon

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HASCO: Towards Agile HArdware and software CO-design for Tensor Computation 21

HASCO: Towards Agile HArdware and Software CO-design for Ten...

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ACM/IEEE 48th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA)

作者： Xiao, Qingcheng Zheng, Size Wu, Bingzhe Xu, Pengcheng Qian, Xuehai Liang, Yun Peking Univ Sch EECS Beijing Peoples R China Univ Southern Calif Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433334

Tensor computations overwhelm traditional general-purpose computing devices due to the large amounts of data and operations of the computations. They call for a holistic solution composed of both hardware acceleration and software mapping. Hardware/software (HW/SW) co-design optimizes the hardware and software in concert and produces high-quality solutions. There are two main challenges in the co-design flow. First, multiple methods exist to partition tensor computation and have different impacts on performance and energy efficiency. Besides, the hardware part must be implemented by the intrinsic functions of spatial accelerators. It is hard for programmers to identify and analyze the partitioning methods manually. Second, the overall design space composed of HW/SW partitioning, hardware optimization, and software optimization is huge. The design space needs to be efficiently explored. To this end, we propose an agile co-design approach HASCO that provides an efficient HW/SW solution to dense tensor computation. We use tensor syntax trees as the unified Ut, based on which we develop a two-step approach to identify partitioning methods. For each method, HASCO explores the hardware and software design spaces. We propose different algorithms for the explorations, as they have distinct objectives and evaluation costs. Concretely, we develop a multi-objective Bayesian optimization algorithm to explore hardware optimization. For software optimization, we use heuristic and Q.-learning algorithms. Experiments demonstrate that HASCO achieves a 1.25X to 1.44X latency reduction through HW/SW co-design compared with developing the hardware and software separately.

关键词： Tensors Heuristic algorithms software algorithms Syntactics Hardware software Partitioning algorithms

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software Design of Clinical Symptoms Diagnosis Model of Digestive Tract Diseases Based on Decision Tree

Software Design of Clinical Symptoms Diagnosis Model of Dige...

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Computer Simulation and Modeling, Information Security (CSMIS), International Conference on

作者： Yongde Cai Yongchang Town Central Health Center Liangzhou District Wuwei Gansu China

ISBN: (数字)9798350343724

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343731

In recent years, gastroscopy for upper gastrointestinal diseases has been popularized in most countries and regions at home and abroad, but some countries and regions can not be fully popularized due to economic and institutional reasons, resulting in a long appointment cycle for gastroscopy, and some patients can not complete gastroscopy due to economic reasons, thus delaying their condition and increasing the disability rate and mortality of upper gastrointestinal diseases Some patients ignore the expression of clinical symptoms due to fear of gastroscopy, while some non digestive doctors are easy to ignore the main complaint of clinical symptoms, resulting in delayed misdiagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases At the same time, gastroscopy should be performed immediately regardless of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, which is bound to waste medical resources and increase the economic burden of families At present, the misunderstanding in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases in China is that gastroscopy is ignored no matter what upper gastrointestinal symptoms, which not only wastes medical resources and increases the economic burden of patients, but also delays the misdiagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases Therefore, it is urgent to refine, systematize and standardize the application process of gastroscopy, reduce the waste of medical resources and reduce the economic burden of patients. This study focuses on the early warning of patients' clinical symptoms to upper digestive tract diseases, according to all clinical symptoms and examination results of patients' upper digestive tract diseases. Introduce the application of decision tree algorithm. The metadata in the hospital information system is hierarchically defined in terms of schema concepts, and the correlation between the initial results of patients' physical examination and disease diagnosis is analyzed by using decision tree algorithm.

关键词： Economics Analytical models Computational modeling Biological system modeling software algorithms Predictive models Gastrointestinal tract

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Generation of Synthetic Data for the Comparison of Different 3D-3D Registration Approaches in Laparoscopic Surgery 44

Generation of Synthetic Data for the Comparison of Different...

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44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC)

作者： Krames, Lorena Suppa, Per Nahm, Werner Karlsruhe Inst Technol Inst Biomed Engn IBT D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany Olympus Surg Technol Europe Kuehnstr 61 D-22045 Hamburg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728127828

ISBN: (纸本)9781728127828

In laparoscopic surgery image-guided navigation systems could support the surgeon by providing subsurface information such as the positions of tumors and vessels. For this purpose, one option is to perform a reliable registration of preoperative 3D data and a surface patch from laparoscopic video data. A robust and automatic 3D-3D registration pipeline for the application during laparoscopic surgery has not yet been found due to application-specific challenges. To gain a better insight, we propose a framework enabling a qualitative and quantitative comparison of different registration approaches. The introduced framework is able to evaluate 3D feature descriptors and registration algorithms by generating and modifying synthetic data from clinical examples. Different confounding factors are considered and thus the reality can be reflected in any simplified or more complex way. Two exemplary experiments with a liver model, using the RANSAC algorithm, showed an increasing registration error for a decreasing size of the surface patch size and after introducing modifications. Moreover, the registration accuracy was dependent on the position and structure of the surface patch. The framework helps to quantitatively assess and optimize the registration pipeline, and hereby suggests future software improvements even with only few clinical examples.

关键词： Minimally invasive surgery Three-dimensional displays Navigation Pipelines software algorithms Liver software

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Quantum software Architecture Blueprints for the Cloud: Overview and Application to Peer-2-Peer Energy Trading

Quantum Software Architecture Blueprints for the Cloud: Over...

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Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (Sustech)

作者： Corey O’Meara Marina Fernández-Campoamor Giorgio Cortiana Juan Bernabé-Moreno E.ON Digital Technology GmbH Essen Germany Department of Computer Science and A.I. University of Granada Granada Spain

Applied quantum computing research has often focused on determining business-driven use-cases and applications of quantum algorithms which may provide advantage, either runtime or solution quality, over their classical counterparts. Often missed, yet equally important, is the discussion on how to actually run quantum software applications or models in a production environment where they run in an event-based or scheduled manner thereby providing the results to the enterprise which has spent time upskilling their development team and developing the quantum software *** this paper, we introduce a hybrid classical-quantum cloud architecture blueprint which starts from the code-level software development level, and extends to the production-ready quantum software application level. We then, for the first time, introduce a novel sample optimization application used in the energy industry for Peer-2-Peer energy trading and deploy it using the proposed cloud architecture blueprint. We demonstrate sample output of the live-running application where trading optimizations occurs on an hourly basis via remote connection to a quantum computing cloud backend.

关键词： Cloud computing Runtime Quantum algorithm software architecture software algorithms Computer architecture Production

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Implementation of Quantum Machine Learning algorithms: A Literature Review 11

Implementation of Quantum Machine Learning Algorithms: A Lit...

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11th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO) / 3rd Summer School on Cyber-Physical + Systems and Internet of Things (CPS and IoT)

作者： Scekic, Marija Scepanovic, Snezana Mitrovic, Sandra Mediterranean Univ Fac Informat Technol Podgorica Montenegro IDSIA USI SUPSI Dalle Molle Inst AI Lugano Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468282

Recently, machine learning is benefiting from advantages of quantum computing which has resulted in a new stream of algorithms known as quantum machine learning algorithms. This paper presents the literature describing implementations of quantum machine learning algorithms in the various quantum machine learning frameworks. In addition, for each of the observed algorithms and frameworks, the literature in which they are described is stated. To the best of our knowledge, this is so far the most comprehensive overview of the existing QML algorithms with their corresponding implementation frameworks.

关键词： Embedded computing Machine learning algorithms Quantum computing Bibliographies software algorithms Education Machine learning

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HoPP: Hardware-software Co-Designed Page Prefetching for Disaggregated Memory

HoPP: Hardware-Software Co-Designed Page Prefetching for Dis...

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IEEE Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture

作者： Haifeng Li Ke Liu Ting Liang Zuojun Li Tianyue Lu Hui Yuan Yinben Xia Yungang Bao Mingyu Chen Yizhou Shan Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Huawei Technologies Huawei Cloud

Memory disaggregation is a promising direction to mitigate memory contention in datacenters. To make memory disaggregation practical, prior efforts expose remote memory to applications transparently via virtual memory subsystem’s swapping interface. However, due to the semantic gap between OS and applications – OS cannot know the memory accessing sequences of an application but via page faults. This approach has two limitations. First, it learns little from page faults’ access history, which leads to sub-optimal prefetching predictions. Second, a page fault can still occur even if there is a prefetch-hit which leads to a large kernel *** address such limitations, our key insight is to decouple the address capturing from page faults by collecting full memory access traces in the memory controller. Using this idea, we build HoPP – a hardware-software co-designed prefetching framework. HoPP adds hardware modules to the memory controller to feed sufficient hot pages to OS in real-time, which has three benefits in HoPP ’s software design: 1) it improves existing prefetching algorithms with simple revamps, also offers more insights to build better policies; 2) the prefetch algorithm can run as a separate data path alongside the normal remote data path via page faults, potentially hiding the swap latency from applications, and enabling fine-grained control over prefetching behaviors; 3) the prefetch-hit overhead can be eliminated by early page table entry (PTE) injection, i.e., inject PTE for the prefetched page as soon as it returns. We implemented a proof-of-concept prototype using commodity servers along with a hardware-based memory tracking tool called HMTT to emulate a modified memory controller. Results show that compared to Fastswap and Leap, HoPP -optimized prefetching algorithm achieves over 90% accuracy and coverage, which leads to up to 59% completion time improvement for various datacenter applications.

关键词： software design Prefetching software algorithms Semantics Prototypes Real-time systems Hardware

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Automatic Recognition and Replacement of Cyclic Redundancy Checks for Program Optimization

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 192146-192158页

作者： Arutunian, Mariam Sargsyan, Sevak Mehrabyan, Matevos Bareghamyan, Lilit Aslanyan, Hayk Russian Armenian Univ Ctr Adv Software Technol Yerevan 0051 Armenia

Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is a fundamental error-detection mechanism widely used in digital networks and storage systems to ensure data integrity. CRC can be implemented in various ways. Some methods, like bitwise implementations, are slow and less efficient. Other approaches, such as those using lookup tables, carry-less multiplication, or CRC instructions, offer better performance. This paper presents a novel method for automatic recognition and replacement of bitwise CRC implementations with more optimized alternatives. The method begins with the detection of potential code fragments containing bitwise CRC implementations using fast and simple checks. It then computes various parameters and employs a customized symbolic execution to verify the identified candidates. Subsequently, the method substitutes the CRC code fragment with more efficient alternatives. The method is implemented in the GCC compiler as a separate pass and is open-source available. Experimental evaluation was performed for x86-64, ARM64, and RISC-V architectures, and the results demonstrated up to 91%, 98%, and 93% performance improvements respectively, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed optimization.

关键词： Polynomials Optimization Engines software algorithms Protocols Memory management Lenses Computational complexity Buffer storage Vectors Cyclic redundancy check program analysis program optimization

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