检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

source code metrics: A systematic mapping study

JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2017年 128卷 164-197页

作者： Nunez-Varela, Alberto S. Perez-Gonzalez, Hector G. Martinez-Perez, Francisco E. Soubervielle-Montalvo, Carlos Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi Fac Ingn Manuel Nava 8 San Luis Potosi 78216 Mexico

Context: source code metrics are essential components in the software measurement process. They are extracted from the source code of the software, and their values allow us to reach conclusions about the quality attributes measured by the metrics. Objectives: This paper aims to collect source code metrics related studies, review them, and perform an analysis, while providing an overview on the current state of source code metrics and their current trends. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted. A total of 226 studies, published between the years 2010 and 2015, were selected and analyzed. Results: Almost 300 source code metrics were found. Object oriented programming is the most commonly studied paradigm with the Chidamber and Kemerer metrics, lines of code, McCabe's cyclomatic complexity, and number of methods and attributes being the most used metrics. Research on aspect and feature oriented programming is growing, especially for the current interest in programming concerns and software product lines. Conclusions: Object oriented metrics have gained much attention, but there is a current need for more studies on aspect and feature oriented metrics. Software fault prediction, complexity and quality assessment are recurrent topics, while concerns, big scale software and software product lines represent current trends. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： source code metrics Software metrics Object-oriented metrics Aspect-oriented metrics Feature-oriented metrics Systematic mapping study

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

source code metrics for Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Ladder Diagram (LD) Visual Programming Language 7

Source Code Metrics for Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) ...

引用

7th IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software metrics (WETSoM)

作者： Kumar, Lov Jetley, Raoul Sureka, Ashish ABB Corp Res Ctr Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781450341776

The IEC 611131-3, an open international standard for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) defines several domain specific languages for industrial and process automation. Domain specific languages have several features, programming constructs and notations which are different than general purpose languages and hence the traditional source code metrics for general purpose programming languages cannot be directly applied to domain specific languages for writing control programs in the area of industrial automation. We propose source code level metrics to measure size, vocabulary, cognitive complexity and testing complexity of a visual Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) programming language. We present metrics for Ladder Diagram (LD) programming language which is one of the five languages defined in the IEC 61131-3 standard. The proposed metric is based on factors like number of distinct operators and operands, total number of operators and operands, number of rungs, weights of different basic control structures, structure of the program and control flow. We apply Weyukur's property to validate the metrics and evaluate the number of properties satisfied by the proposed metric.

关键词： source code metrics Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Programming Languages Software Complexity metrics Software Size metrics Structured Text Ladder Diagram (LD) Halstead metrics Cyclomatic Complexity

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

source code metrics: A Study on Scientific Publications in Brazilian Symposia and the Perception of Computing Students 24

Source Code Metrics: A Study on Scientific Publications in B...

引用

20th Brazilian Symposium on Informations Systems (SBSI) - Perspectives and Trends in Information Systems in Digital Agriculture

作者： Monteiro, Cheila M. Silva, Conceicao N. de Amorim, Rainer X. Passos, Odette M. Univ Fed Amazonas Itacoatiara Amazonas Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709968

Context: Software quality is not just about what users see. code is a key part of software evaluation and improvement, so it is essential to use source code metrics. Problem: There are studies related to the use of source code metrics, but difficulties persist in their practical adoption in real projects. Solution: This study presents the most cited source code metrics in the literature, as well as the perception of computer students on this concept. Is Theory: Organizational Learning Theory. Method: A systematic mapping was conducted to identify the most cited source code metrics. In addition, a survey was conducted with college students in the field of Computer. Summary of Results: As a result of the Mapping, 12 classifications and 67 types of source code metrics were obtained that can help the team in the development of the software product. In addition, 16 participating students who have already completed 75% or more of the course are familiar with the concept of source code metrics, as evidenced by the results of the Opinion Survey. Contributions and Impact in the IS Area: This research highlights a gap in relation to publications that address in a more practical way the use of source code metrics and in the knowledge of college students in source code metrics in the area of computing and reinforces the need to integrate practical experiences and review academic curricula to better prepare future information systems professionals, aiming at the quality of software systems.

关键词： source code metrics Software Quality Systematic Mapping Survey

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Exploring the suitability of source code metrics for indicating architectural inconsistencies

引用

SOFTWARE QUALITY JOURNAL 2019年第1期27卷 241-274页

作者： Lenhard, Jorg Blom, Martin Herold, Sebastian Karlstad Univ Dept Math & Comp Sci Karlstad Sweden

Software architecture degradation is a phenomenon that frequently occurs during software evolution. source code anomalies are one of the several aspects that potentially contribute to software architecture degradation. Many techniques for automating the detection of such anomalies are based on source code metrics. It is, however, unclear how accurate these techniques are in identifying the architecturally relevant anomalies in a system. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the extent to which source code metrics on their own can be used to characterize classes contributing to software architecture degradation. We performed a multi-case study on three open-source systems for each of which we gathered the intended architecture and data for 49 different source code metrics taken from seven different code quality tools. This data was analyzed to explore the links between architectural inconsistencies, as detected by applying reflexion modeling, and metric values indicating potential design problems at the implementation level. The results show that there does not seem to be a direct correlation between metrics and architectural inconsistencies. For many metrics, however, classes more problematic as indicated by their metric value seem significantly more likely to contribute to inconsistencies than less problematic classes. In particular, the fan-in, a classes' public API, and method counts seem to be suitable indicators. The fan-in metric seems to be a particularly interesting indicator, as class size does not seem to have a confounding effect on this metric. This finding may be useful for focusing code restructuring efforts on architecturally relevant metrics in case the intended architecture is not explicitly specified and to further improve architecture recovery and consistency checking tool support.

关键词： Architectural inconsistencies Software architecture degradation Reflexion modeling source code metrics code anomalies Multi-case study

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Empirical Analysis on Effectiveness of source code metrics for Predicting Change-Proneness 17

Empirical Analysis on Effectiveness of Source Code Metrics f...

引用

10th Innovations in Software Engineering Conference (ISEC)

作者： Kumar, Lov Rath, Santanu Kumar Sureka, Ashish NIT Rourkela India ABB Corp Res Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781450348560

Change-prone classes or modules are defined as software components in the source code which are likely to change in the future. Change-proneness prediction are useful to the maintenance team as they can optimize and focus their testing resources on the modules which have a higher likelihood of change. The quality of change-proneness prediction model can be best assessed by the use of software metrics that are considered to design the prediction model. In this work, 62 software metrics with four metrics dimensions, including 7 size metrics, 18 cohesion metrics, 20 coupling metrics, and 17 inheritance metrics are considered to develop a model for predicting change-proneness modules. Since the performance of the change-proneness model depends on the source code metrics, they are used as input of the change-proneness model. We also considered five different types of feature selection techniques to remove irrelevant feature and select best set of features. The effectiveness of these set of source code metrics are evaluated using eight different machine learning algorithms and two ensemble techniques. Experimental results demonstrates that the model developed by considering selected set of source code metrics by feature selection technique as input achieves better results as compared to considering all source code metrics. The experimental results also ravel that the change-proneness model developed by using coupling metrics achieved better performance as compared other dimension metrics such as size metrics, cohesion metrics, and inheritance metrics.

关键词： Change-Proneness source code metrics Feature Selection Techniques Classification Technique Ensemble Techniques

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Analyzing Fault Prediction Usefulness from Cost Perspective using source code metrics 10

Analyzing Fault Prediction Usefulness from Cost Perspective ...

引用

10th International Conference on Contemporary Computing (IC3)

作者： Kumar, Lov Sureka, Ashish NIT Rourkela Rourkela India ABB Corp Res Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538630778

Software fault prediction techniques are useful for the purpose of optimizing test resource allocation. Software fault prediction based on source code metrics and machine learning models consists of using static program features as input predictors to estimate the fault proneness of a class or module. We conduct a comparison of five machine learning algorithms on their fault prediction performance based on experiments on 56 open source projects. Several researchers have argued on the application of software engineering economics and testing cost for the purpose of evaluating a software quality assurance activity. We evaluate the performance and usefulness of fault prediction models within the context of a cost evaluation framework and present the results of our experiments. We propose a novel approach using decision trees to predict the usefulness of fault prediction based on distributional characteristics of source code metrics by fusing information from the output of the fault prediction usefulness using cost evaluation framework and distributional source code metrics.

关键词： Software Engineering source code metrics Fault Prediction Machine Learning Software Engineering Economics

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Extracting Relative Thresholds for source code metrics

Extracting Relative Thresholds for Source Code Metrics

引用

Software Evolution Week / IEEE Conference on Software Maintenance, Reengineering, and Reverse Engineering (CSMR-WCRE)

作者： Oliveira, Paloma Valente, Marco Tulio Lima, Fernando Paim Univ Fed Minas Gerais Dept Comp Sci Belo Horizonte MG Brazil IFMG Dept Comp Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479937523

Establishing credible thresholds is a central challenge for promoting source code metrics as an effective instrument to control the internal quality of software systems. To address this challenge, we propose the concept of relative thresholds for evaluating metrics data following heavy-tailed distributions. The proposed thresholds are relative because they assume that metric thresholds should be followed by most source code entities, but that it is also natural to have a number of entities in the "long-tail" that do not follow the defined limits. In the paper, we describe an empirical method for extracting relative thresholds from real systems. We also report a study on applying this method in a corpus with 106 systems. Based on the results of this study, we argue that the proposed thresholds express a balance between real and idealized design practices.

关键词： source code metrics Relative thresholds Software quality Software measurement

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Using source code metrics to Predict Change-Prone Web Services: A Case-Study on eBay Services

Using Source Code Metrics to Predict Change-Prone Web Servic...

引用

IEEE Workshop on Machine Learning Techniques for Software Quality Evaluation (MaLTeSQuE)

作者： Kumar, Lov Rath, Santanu Kumar Sureka, Ashish NIT Rourkela Rourkela Odisha India ABB Corp Res Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9781509065974

Predicting change-prone object-oriented software using source code metrics is an area that has attracted several researchers attention. However, predicting change-prone web services in terms of changes in the WSDL (Web Service Description Language) Interface using source code metrics implementing the services is a relatively unexplored area. We conduct a case-study on change proneness prediction on an experimental dataset consisting of several versions of eBay web services wherein we compute the churn between different versions of the WSDL interfaces using the WSDLDiff Tool. We compute 21 source code metrics using Chidamber and Kemerer Java metrics (CKJM) extended tool serving as predictors and apply Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM) based technique to develop a change proneness estimator. Our experimental results demonstrates that a predictive model developed using all 21 metrics and linear kernel yields the best results.

关键词： Change Proneness Kernel Based Machine Learning Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM) source code metrics Web Services

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

RTTOOL: A Tool for Extracting Relative Thresholds for source code metrics 30

RTTOOL: A Tool for Extracting Relative Thresholds for Source...

引用

30th IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME)

作者： Oliveira, Paloma Lima, Fernando P. Valente, Marco Tulio Serebrenik, Alexander IFMG Formiga Dept Comp Formiga Brazil Univ Fed Minas Gerais Dept Comp Sci Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Eindhoven Univ Technol NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780769553030

Meaningful thresholds are essential for promoting source code metrics as an effective instrument to control the internal quality of software systems. Despite the increasing number of source code measurement tools, no publicly available tools support extraction of metric thresholds. Moreover, earlier studies suggest that in larger systems significant number of classes exceed recommended metric thresholds. Therefore, in our previous study we have introduced the notion of a relative threshold, i.e., a pair including an upper limit and a percentage of classes whose metric values should not exceed this limit. In this paper we propose RTTooL, an open source tool for extracting relative thresholds from the measurement data of a benchmark of software systems. RTTooL is publicly available at http://***/rttool.

关键词： source code metrics Relative thresholds Software quality Software measurement

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Catalog of source code metrics - A Tertiary Study 15th

A Catalog of Source Code Metrics - A Tertiary Study

引用

15th Software Quality Days Conference (SWQD)

作者： Iftikhar, Umar Bin Ali, Nauman Borstler, Jurgen Usman, Muhammad Blekinge Inst Technol Karlskrona Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783031314872;9783031314889

Context: A large number of source code metrics are reported in the literature. It is necessary to systematically collect, describe and classify source code metrics to support research and practice. Objective: We aim to utilize existing secondary studies to develop a catalog of source code metrics together with their descriptions. The catalog will also provide information about which units of code (e.g., operators, operands, lines of code, variables, parameters, code blocks, or functions) are used to measure the internal quality attributes and the scope on which they are collected. Method: We conducted a tertiary study to identify secondary studies reporting source code metrics. We have classified the source code metrics according to the measured internal quality attributes, the units of code used in the measures, and the scope at which the source code metrics are collected. Results: From 711 secondary studies, we identified 52 relevant secondary studies. We reported 423 source code metrics together with their descriptions and the internal quality attributes they measure. source code metrics predominantly incorporate function as a unit of code to measure internal quality attributes. In contrast, several source code metrics use more than one unit of code when measuring internal quality attributes. Nearly 51% of the source code metrics are collected at the class scope, while almost 12% and 15% of source code metrics are collected at module and application levels, respectively. Conclusions: Researchers and practitioners can use the extensive catalog to assess which source code metrics meet their individual needs based on the description and classification scheme presented.

关键词： Internal quality attributes code measurement code quality Tertiary study source code metrics

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：