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A Day-Ahead Optimization Method of source-load coordination for Power System Using Demand Response and Stackelberg Game

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY 2024年第3期19卷 1191-1203页

作者： Yuan, Xin Tang, Hao Liu, Xin Zhou, Xiang Guan, Jinyu Hefei Univ Technol Sch Elect Engn & Automat Hefei Anhui Peoples R China State Grid Smart Grid Res Inst Co Ltd Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Soc Elect Engn Beijing Peoples R China China Elect Power Res Inst Beijing Peoples R China

The continuous expansion of renewable energy sources and their ongoing integration into existing power networks, alongside the emergence of new types of loads, has led to significant new challenges emerging for power grid source-load coordination scheduling in recent years. To fully harness the demand response (DR) potential of the load side of such systems, this paper proposes an optimal scheduling method based on DR and the Stackelberg game. A Stackelberg game model is established to formulate day-ahead source-load coordinated scheduling problem, taking account of the stochastic dynamic characteristics of the load response process and user electricity consumption satisfaction with electricity consumption. The model is essentially a strongly nonlinear optimization problem, however;thus, to avoid several of the limitations seen in traditional optimization methods, a data-model fusion-driven method is proposed, with electricity prices formulated by the data-driven method used as input for a model-driven method whose output is then used in turn to guide a data-driven formulation of electricity prices. Case studies on IEEE test systems are used to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method.

关键词： Demand response Stackelberg game source-load coordination Day-ahead optimal scheduling Data-model fusion driven

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source-load coordination Economic Dispatch of Hybrid Combined Cooling Heating and Power Microgrid Considering Wind Power Accommodation 25

Source-load Coordination Economic Dispatch of Hybrid Combine...

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25th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS)

作者： Zhao, Xu Kong, Xiangyu Zhang, Peirong Duan, Qing Sha, Guanglin Liu, Lu Wang, Haoqing Tianjin Univ Key Lab Smart Grid Minist Educ Tianjin Peoples R China China Elect Power Res Inst Power Distribut Technol Ctr Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665493024

In this paper, an optimal scheduling method of cold-heat-electricity combined power supply microgrid for wind power accommodation is proposed. Firstly, the principle of heat pump (HP) and integrated electric heating demand response to promote wind power accommodation was analyzed, and the source-charge cooperative operation strategy of multi-energy micro grid was constructed. The two-layer model is adopted, and the upper layer adopts price-type demand response to increase the off-load wind power consumption capacity. The lower layer takes the cost minimization as the goal, adds the demand response of heat load and the role of HP, establishes the day-ahead economic dispatching model, and determines the dispatching plan. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the revenue and wind power consumption capacity.

关键词： microgrid wind power accommodation combined cooling heating and power(CCHP) source-load coordination

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Day-ahead Economic Scheduling for Wind-solar Industrial Park Based on source-load coordination 3

Day-ahead Economic Scheduling for Wind-solar Industrial Park...

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3rd International Conference on New Energy and Power Engineering, ICNEPE 2023

作者： Li, Shiming Lu, Jiangang Guo, Wenxin Zhao, Ruifeng Dai, Yue Zheng, Wenjie Power Dispatch Control Center of Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd Guangdong Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350393224

High-percentage renewable energy system is an inevitable choice to realize the dual-carbon target. However, the uncertainty of wind and solar output is prone to cause wind and light abandonment. With the electricity market reform, source-load coordination has attracted much attention. In this paper, taking the wind-solar industrial park as the research object, we propose a day-ahead economic scheduling method based on source-load coordination: considering the demand-side response in the day-ahead stage, we establish an economic scheduling model aiming at minimizing the operation cost and we obtain the day-ahead market 24h power plan curve by solving. The simulation results show that the method can fully tap the flexibility of demand-side consumers, enhance the capacity of wind power consumption, and contribute to the stable economic operation of the park. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： day-ahead optimization demand-side response economic evaluation source-load coordination wind-solar industrial park

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Day-ahead Economic Dispatch of Power Systems Considering the Demand Response of Electrolytic Aluminum loads 2

Day-ahead Economic Dispatch of Power Systems Considering the...

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IEEE 2nd International Conference on Power Science and Technology (ICPST)

作者： Wang, Yue Fu, Bingbin Ding, Kun Sun, Yalu Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Elect Insulat & Power Equipment Xian Peoples R China State Grid Gansu Elect Power Co Econ & Technol Res Inst Lanzhou Gansu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349047;9798350349030

Due to the stochastic of PV and WT output, day-ahead dispatch of power systems becomes more difficult only by using thermal power units (TPU). To address this problem, electrolytic aluminum loads (EAL) can be used as a flexible demand-side resource to assist TPU in peak shaving and valley filling because of their characteristics. This paper proposed a new day-ahead economic dispatch method considering the demand response of EAL to integrate renewable output. Firstly, based on the characteristics of EAL, a hierarchical model for EAL to participate in system dispatch is proposed. Corresponding to the different capacities of EAL, the hierarchical model demonstrates four demand response stages which have different regulation characteristics. Secondly, to minimize system operation costs, a source-load coordination optimization model which can be solved by the Gurobi solver is established based on the participation of TPU and EAL. Finally, the case study result demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively reduce the curtailment of renewable energy and lower the system's operating cost.

关键词： day-ahead economic dispatch source-load coordination electrolytic aluminum renewable energy integration optimization

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Research on source-load coordinated dispatching of flexible DC distribution network based on big data

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JOURNAL OF HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 2022年第4期28卷 231-241页

作者： Suo, Lian Liu, Guangchen Inner Mongolia Univ Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Hohhot 010051 Peoples R China Inner Mongolia Elect Power Res Inst Hohhot 010020 Peoples R China Inner Mongolia Reg Key Lab Elect Power Convers Tr Hohhot 010081 Peoples R China

In this new round of power network development, the concept of coordinated and optimized operation of power network interconnection and smart grid "source network load" has gradually attracted attention. Based on the analysis of the impact of the flexible DC distribution network on the complex energy system with multiple data sources and large data volume under the big data platform, the coordinated dispatching of the source and load of the big data flexible DC distribution network is studied. Therefore, a source-load matching index that can evaluate the impact of different types of loads on the stability of the flexible DC grid is constructed and incorporated into the load recovery optimization model. First, use the scene reduction method to process all generated scenes;next, take the reduction technology and the scene generation method into account of the uncertainty caused by the prediction error and incorporate them into the multi-objective function optimization model;finally, the membership function of fuzzy numbers is used to model uncertainty. So as to construct a load recovery model that can coordinate the load recovery amount, importance and system dynamic response. The actual meaning of the matching index is explained through model solving and actual case analysis.

关键词： network source-load coordination big data flexible response fuzzy model

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Optimization and Scheduling Method for Power Systems Considering Wind Power Forward/Reverse Peaking Scenarios

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ENERGIES 2024年第5期17卷 1257页

作者： Yu, Hao Wang, Yibo Liu, Chuang Wang, Shunjiang Hao, Chunyang Xiong, Jian Northeast Elect Power Univ Sch Elect Engn Jilin 132012 Peoples R China

With the promotion of the dual carbon target, the scale of the wind power grid connection will significantly increase. However, wind power has characteristics such as randomness and volatility, and its grid connection challenges the pressure of system peak shaving, making it increasingly difficult to regulate the power system. To solve the problem of wind power abandonment, the positive and negative peak shaving characteristics of wind power were first analyzed. Based on this, it is proposed that demand response resources and energy storage with adjustable characteristics are used as the new means of wind power consumption. Together with the thermal power units, they participate in the optimization and scheduling of the power grid, forming a coordinated and optimized operation mode of source load storage. With the goal of minimizing system operating costs, a two-stage economic scheduling model was formed for the day-ahead and intra-day periods. Finally, optimization software was used to solve the problem, and the simulation results showed the effectiveness of the proposed economic scheduling model, which can improve the system's new energy consumption and reduce the system's operating costs.

关键词： demand response wind power consumption source-load coordination energy storage

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Optimal Scheduling of Zero-Carbon Parks Considering Flexible Response of source-load Bilaterals in Multiple Timescales

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PROCESSES 2024年第12期12卷 2850页

作者： Wang, Fuyu Wang, Weiqing Xinjiang Univ Coll Elect Engn Urumqi 830017 Peoples R China Xinjiang Univ Coll Elect Engn Engn Res Ctr Educ Minist Renewable Energy Power Generat & Grid Urumqi 830017 Peoples R China

In order to enhance the carbon reduction potential of a park, a low-carbon economic dispatch method applicable to zero-carbon parks is proposed to optimize the energy dispatch of the park at multiple timescales;this is achieved by introducing a flexible response mechanism for source-load bilaterals, so as to achieve low-carbon, economic, and efficient operation. First, a park model that accounts for the energy flow characteristics and carbon potential distribution of the energy hub is established. Then, based on the flexible operation of energy supply equipment and multi-type integrated demand response, the flexible response mechanism of source-load bilaterally and the multi-timescale scheduling framework are proposed;the mechanisms of source-load coordination and electricity-carbon coupling are analyzed in depth. Finally, with the objective of optimal system operation economy, the optimal scheduling model is established for three timescales, namely, day-ahead, intraday, and real-time scheduling. The equipment output and demand response are optimized step by step according to the source-load prediction information and scheduling results at each stage. The simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively utilize the source and load resources to participate in scheduling and can effectively reduce carbon emissions while ensuring the energy supply demand of the park, realizing the low-carbon, economic operation of the system. Therefore, this study provides a new theoretical basis and practical solution for the optimal dispatch of energy in zero-carbon parks, which helps to promote the development of a low-carbon economy.

关键词： zero-carbon parks low-carbon operations multiple timescales integrated demand response source-load coordination carbon emissions

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source-load Collaborative Optimization Method Considering Core Production Constraints of Electrolytic Aluminum load

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ENERGIES 2024年第24期17卷 6396-6396页

作者： Jiang, Yibo Wang, Zhe Bian, Shiqi Liao, Siyang Lu, Huibin State Grid Suzhou City & Energy Res Inst Suzhou 215000 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sch Elect & Automat Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China

With the deep implementation of the national "dual carbon" strategy, the development of a new power system dominated by renewable energy has accelerated significantly. Electrolytic aluminum load, as an important energy-intensive industrial resource, possesses response flexibility, providing a critical pathway for the efficient utilization of renewable energy. However, ensuring the safety of its production process during demand-side response remains a key challenge. This study systematically investigates the core production constraint of electrolytic aluminum load-electrolytic bath temperature-and its impacts on chemical reaction rates, current efficiency, and production equipment. A detailed coupling relationship between core production constraints and active power regulation is established. By quantifying the effects of temperature variation on the electrolytic aluminum production process, a demand-side response control cost model for electrolytic aluminum load is proposed. Additionally, a day-ahead scheduling model is developed with the objective of minimizing system operating costs while considering the participation of electrolytic aluminum load. Simulation results demonstrate that this method significantly reduces wind curtailment and load shedding while ensuring the safety of electrolytic aluminum production. It provides a novel approach for enhancing system economic efficiency, improving renewable energy utilization, and promoting the deep integration of power systems with industrial loads.

关键词： electrolytic aluminum load production constraint electrolytic bath temperature cost modeling source-load coordination

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source-load cooperative frequency regulation based on virtual synchronous/asynchronous machine concept

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Energy Internet 2024年第2期1卷 188-199页

作者： Qiuye Sun Jie Hu Rui Wang Huaguang Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyangLiaoningChina College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina

Due to the absence of inertia, the high proportion of electronic power equipment is a great threat to the stability of the power system. Previous studies have proposed the virtual synchronous machine (VSM) control method for the inverter-based distributed generators (DG). However, due to the capacity limitations of DG, the capability of the inverter to provide the inertia action is limited. At the same time, some controllable loads also have the ability to provide inertial support but are still not fully utilised. To get a better grid frequency response, this paper proposes a source-load coordination strategy based on the VSM and virtual asynchronous machine (VAM) concept. For that purpose, a detailed VAM model is firstly derived for the rectifier on power demand side. Not only the virtual inertia and frequency oscillation damping can be provided, but also the syn-chronisation units are not needed to obtain the unknown grid frequency. After that, a distributed consensus-based secondary control is present to regulate the frequency to converge to a reference value based on VSM and VAM. Compared with the existing frequency regulation method, the proposed scheme makes full use of the ability of the load side to participate in frequency modulation. Finally, some numerical simulations are performed to validate the feasibility of the proposed method on MATLAB/Simulink.

关键词： frequency regulation source-load coordination virtual asynchronous machine(VAM) virtual synchronous machine(VSM)

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Integrated energy system optimization and scheduling method considering the source and load coordinated scheduling of thermal-storage electric boilers and electric vehicles

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FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH 2023年 11卷

作者： Yang, Yulong Wu, Xinge Zhang, Ziye Jin, Rong Zhang, Chong Li, Songyuan Yi, Pengyu Northeast Elect Power Univ Sch Elect Engn Jilin Peoples R China State Grid Liaoning Mkt Serv Ctr Shenyang Peoples R China Chengde Power Supply Co State Grid Jibei Elect Power Co Ltd Chengde Peoples R China State Grid Tianjin Elect Power Co Binhai Power Supply Branch Tianjin Peoples R China

The northern regions of China face the challenges of the mismatch of the power supply and demand, as well as serious wind curtailment issues, caused mainly by the limitation of the "with heat to determine electricity" mode for combined heat and power generation during the winter season. To further absorb the surplus wind power and alleviate restrictions, a comprehensive energy system optimization method for parks based on coordinated scheduling between sources and loads is proposed in this paper. First, the implementation of a heat-storage electric boiler on the source side further achieves the decoupling of heat and power. Second, an optimized scheduling method for electric vehicles combining incentive scheduling and orderly scheduling is proposed on the load side, which helps flatten the load curve. Finally, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced and a community integrated energy system (CIES) optimization scheduling model is established with the aim of minimizing the total cost of the CIES, and the problem is solved using the CPLEX commercial solver. The simulation results indicate that the overall system efficiency is significantly improved through the coordinated scheduling of power sources and loads. Specifically, the integration rate of wind power increases by 3.91% when compared to the sole consideration of the integrated demand response. Furthermore, the peak shaving and off-peak filling effect is considerably enhanced compared to the utilization of only thermal-storage electric boilers. Additionally, the implementation of coordinated scheduling leads to a reduction in the total system cost by 2764.32 yuan and a decrease in total carbon emissions by 3515.4 kg. These findings provide compelling evidence that the coordinated scheduling of power sources and loads surpasses the limitations of thermal power units, strengthens the demand response capability of electric vehicles, and enhances the economic benefits of the CIES.

关键词： community integrated energy system source-load coordination heat-storage electric boilers electric vehicles price-based demand response incentive-based demand response tiered carbon trading mechanism

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