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32nd IEEE Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE PIMRC)

作者： Shafrin, K. S. Sanila, K. S. Rajamohan, Neelakandan Indian Inst Technol Sch Elect Sci Ponda Goa India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728175867

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) technology is emerging as a pragmatic approach to guarantee tremendous data traffic for future wireless communication systems. In this paper, a transmission scheme described as a space-time block coded structured quadrature spatial modulation (STBC-SQSM) for the mMIMO system is proposed. The STBC-SQSM scheme guarantees the diversity benefits of the STBC system. Moreover, the SQSM symbols take over the conventional STBC constellation points to convey additional information bits by antenna indices rather than individually by STBC blocks. Besides, it requires only a limited number of radio frequency (RF) chains despite the enormous data rate achieved by employing spatial multiplexing of multiple QSM symbols. Further, the proposed system proposes a structured Bayesian compressive sensing (S-BCS) and a structured multipath orthogonal matching pursuit (S-mOMP) based detectors with significantly reduced computational complexity. The simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme renders a more beneficial bit error rate (BER) performance and spectral gain than the existing systems.

关键词： space time block coding block sparsity Compressive sensing Quadrature spatial modulation

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Selective receiver switching scheme for space time block coding with full code rate and non-orthogonal design

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2008年第5期2卷 664-672页

作者： Liu, L. Lim, M. -S. Chonbuk Natl Univ Elect & Informat Engn Dept Jeonju South Korea

It is desirable to construct a transmission matrix with full code rate as well as full transmit diversity in the design of space time block coding (STBC). For an arbitrary complex constellation, only full rate and full diversity signal matrix with size 2 by 2 is possible, said as Alamouti Code. For a real signal matrix with a size above 8 by 8, it is also impossible to acquire full code rate and full transmit diversity simultaneously. An efficient selective receiver switching scheme is proposed for STBC with the full code rate and non-orthogonal design. In the proposed scheme with the aid of beamforming, the authors divide the received signals into two groups according to the encoded matrix. By this way, the authors can eliminate the interference from the neighbouring signals almost by half. The simulation results with the example of matrix demonstrate that the proposed scheme can provide the improved performance and more under imperfect channel estimation.

关键词： diversity reception matrix algebra receivers selective receiver switching scheme block codes space-time codes telecommunication switching full transmit diversity signal matrix nonorthogonal design space time block coding

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Spectral efficiency analysis of rate-adaptive user selection diversity in orthogonal space time block coding multiple-input multiple-output systems with antenna selection

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2011年第5期5卷 629-643页

作者： Torabi, M. Haccoun, D. Ajib, W. Ecole Polytech Dept Elect Engn Montreal PQ H3T 1J4 Canada Univ Quebec Dept Comp Sci Montreal PQ H3C 3P8 Canada

In this study, the performance of user selection diversity for rate-adaptive multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing orthogonal space time block coding (OSTBC) is analysed and evaluated. An antenna selection scheme is used to overcome the drawback of channel hardening effects in multiuser MIMO systems. Closed-form expressions for the average spectral efficiency and outage probability of the system are derived. Using numerical evaluations the considered schemes are compared in terms of outage probability and spectral efficiency. The effects of antenna correlation at the receiver ends on the performance of the system are analysed and evaluated, indicating that spatial correlation may be beneficial for the spectral efficiency of the multiuser OSTBC MIMO systems employing user selection.

关键词： spectral efficiency output system spacetime multiple input multiple output systems space time block coding

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Analysis and Demonstration of Quasi Trace Orthogonal space time block coding for Visible Light Communications

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 77164-77170页

作者： Biagi, Mauro Hassan, Navid Bani Werfli, Khald Thai-Chien Bui Ghassemlooy, Zabih Sapienza Univ Rome Dept Informat Elect & Telecommun DIET Engn I-00184 Rome Italy Northumbria Univ Fac Engn & Environm NCR Lab Opt Commun Res Grp Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST Tyne & Wear England

In the VLC context, pulse position modulation (PPM) and similar modulations are typically used when the overall complexity of the transmitter is required to be low or the system needs to support dimming, i.e., dynamically control the illumination level of the transmitter. However, despite the power efficiency of PPM, it is known to be bandwidth inefficient. Having known the trade-off between reliability and spectral efficiency, in this paper we propose a PPM-based space-time block coding (STBC) technique named as quasi-trace-orthogonal (QTO), derived from trace-orthogonal, to increase the spectral efficiency of PPM VLC's by limiting the reliability loss. We provide Monte-Carlo simulations for a 4x4 MIMO-VLC system and validate the results experimentally, and show that for a given signal-to-noise-ratio, the QTO-STBC based 4-PPM VLC system offers higher spectral efficiency at a cost of higher symbol error rate compared to trace-orthogonal STBC.

关键词： space time block coding quasi trace orthogonal visible light communication

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Low complexity decoders for combined space time block coding and V-BLAST

Low complexity decoders for combined space time block coding...

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IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference

作者： Sandeep, G. Teja, C. Ravi Krishnan, G. Kalyana Reddy, V. U. Int Inst Informat Technol Gachibowli Hyderabad 500032 Andhra Pradesh India Hellosoft India Pvt Ltd Hyderabad 500034 Andhra Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781424406586

Low complexity decoding schemes are presented for combined space time block coding and V-BLAST options in Enhanced Wireless Consortium draft [1] for IEEE 802.11n. We exploit the structure of the transmitted data in developing the schemes. They are introduced for a frequency flat fading scenario and the diversity orders they yield are analyzed. The techniques are extended to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing mode of baseband modulation, and the impact of spatial correlation among the antennas is studied. Simulations are used to validate the predicted performance of the proposed schemes, predicted from the diversity order analysis. Also, their performance is compared with that of Zero Forcing Successive Interference Cancellation (ZF-SIC). Computational complexities of the proposed as well as that of ZF-SIC are evaluated. The results show that one of the proposed schemes performs like ZF-SIC while its computational complexity is about one-half of that of ZF-SIC. Simulations with TGn channels [2], which are frequency selective channels and have spatial correlation, show that the performance degrades with increasing correlation.

关键词： OFDM modulation block codes communication complexity decoding fading channels interference suppression space-time codes V-BLAST ZF-SIC computational complexity diversity order analysis frequency flat fading channels low complexity decoders orthogonal fre V-BLAST Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing space time block coding complexity classes communication complexity space-time codes block codes suppression of interference Fading channels DEcoding baseband modulation

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space-time block coding for uplink single-carrier CDMA with joint detection in the frequency domain

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2007年第6期6卷 2096-2105页

作者： Horlin, Francois Lopez-Estraviz, Eduardo Van der Perre, Liesbet Interuniv Microelect Ctr B-3001 Louvain Belgium

Single-carrier code-division multiple access (SC-CDMA), also named cyclic-prefix CDMA in the literature, is a promising air interface for the uplink of the 4G cellular wireless communication systems. It enables the high capacity intrinsically offered by CDMA by making the equalization of the multipath channels and the mitigation of the resulting interference possible at a low complexity. This paper proposes a new air interface that combines SC-CDMA with space-time block coding (STBC) across multiple transmit antennas in order to make the link more robust. Contrary to existing air interfaces that perform the STBC at the chip level, making them only applicable to the downlink, the STBC is performed at the symbol level, making it also applicable to the uplink. In order to optimally detect the different antenna and user signals, a linear joint detector optimized according to the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion is designed. By exploiting the cyclic properties of the channel matrices, the complexity of the joint detector is significantly reduced. Furthermore, it is shown analytically that the inter-antenna interference is canceled out at the output of the first stage of the linear MMSE joint detector, consisting of a matched filter. By space-time coding the signal through two antennas at each transmit mobile terminal, a significant gain in signal-to-noise-ratio can be achieved. However, the spatial diversity gain of the proposed system is limited by the multiuser interference (MUI), that is increasing with the user load. Higher complexity non-linear receivers are needed to better compensate the MUI and still benefit from the spatial diversity,at high user loads.

关键词： single-carrier with cyclic prefix code division multiple access cyclic-prefix code-division multiple access space time block coding joint detection frequency domain equalizer

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Precoding for multiple-input multiple-output systems with space-time block coding over correlated Rician fading channels

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第2期8卷 163-171页

作者： Yu, Xiang-Bin Dang, Xiao-Yu Yun, Rui Wang, Ying-Guan Wu, Bin-Bin Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Dept Elect Engn Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Adv Res Inst Shanghai Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol Shanghai Peoples R China

Based on the asymptotic analysis in spatially correlated Rician fading channel, the precoders for space-time block-coded multiple-input multiple-output system at high and low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are, respectively, designed to minimise the system bit error rate (BER). The precoding for high SNR provides closed-form positive power allocation by using the Langrage optimisation method, and has the BER performance close to that of the optimal scheme, especially at high SNR. The Langrage multiplier does exist and is unique, and practical Newton's method is proposed to find its optimal value. Moreover, it has a closed-form solution for some special cases. Thus, it avoids the iterative calculation of some existing precoding schemes. The precoding for low SNR has a closed-form solution similar to onedirectional (1-D) beamforming, and can obtain the performance very close to that of the optimal scheme at low SNR. By combining the above two schemes, a simple and effective suboptimal precoding scheme can be achieved for different SNRs. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme derived from the integration of high and low SNR can provide BER lower than the equal power precoding, and obtain the BER performance close to that of the existing optimal scheme with low complexity.

关键词： Scheme prediction coding bit error rate performance output system multiple input multiple output systems space time block coding Newton method block codes Rician fading channels low SNR iterative calculation high SNR

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Outage probability analysis of space-time block coding-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing cooperative systems

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第10期8卷 1778-1787页

作者： Poursajadi, Sajad Madani, Mohammad Hossein Malek Ashtar Univ Technol Elect & Elect Engn Univ Complex EEEUC Tehran *** Iran

In this study, the performance of a multi-carrier (MC) multi-relay system with multi-antenna at source and destination nodes is investigated based on Alamouti space-time block coding (STBC) and amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative diversity protocol with different schemes. In particular, transmission of each STBC in the system is initiated by signal broadcasting from the source node to the destination node and all the relay nodes. Depending on the cooperative scheme, one or more relays, applying AF protocol, transmit the signal to the destination. Applying maximum ratio combination technique to both the direct and the relayed subcarriers at the destination, the outage probability bounds are analytically derived for various schemes of relaying. Simulation results confirm the validity of the derived bounds, and show that the cooperative MC-multiple-input-multiple-output channel yields a notable outage performance with an acceptable capacity, especially in the average best relay selection scheme, which exploits the limited feedback.

关键词： Frequency division Probabilistic analysis Scheme relay Trunk Node destination Frequency division multiplexing multiple antenna cooperative systems space time block coding block codes

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On the Energy Utilization of WSN Communications Using space-time block coding Over BPSK and M-QAM Modulations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WIRELESS INFORMATION NETWORKS 2015年第3期22卷 180-187页

作者： Bahl, Nischay Sharma, Ajay K. Verma, Harsh K. Dr B R Ambedkar Natl Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Jalandhar 144011 Punjab India Natl Inst Technol Delhi Inst Area Sect 7 New Delhi 110040 India

Energy is a scarce and most vital resource in a wireless sensor network (WSN). Since space-time block coding requires less transmission energy than SISO technique for the same bit error rate (BER), therefore, it is one of the most practical diversity technique for WSN studies. In this work, we have investigated the energy utilization of a simple multiple-input single-output system using STBC for a WSN scenario constituting a number of clusters communication under Rayleigh channels with popular modulation techniques like BPSK and M-QAM. By deriving the rationale expressions for energy utilized per bit metric dEbit_ in terms of various quantities such asorder of transmit diversity, data rate, BER and the distance between the cluster and the base station (BS) (cluster-BS), we have investigated the suitability of transmit diversity order for varying magnitudes of distances. It has been observed that for communication involving, medium and long cluster to BS distances, the diversity order constituting two transmit antennae results in better energy efficiency and enhances reliability, but, for smaller cluster-BS distances, the contribution is not significant for the case under consideration. Further, we have explored how the energy utilization levels are affected by transmission rates and acceptable error levels. In addition, we optimized the modulation constellation order and recommended best-fit modulation approaches for the varying ranges of cluster-BS distances. Simulation results demonstrate that with increasing cluster-BS distances, the optimized constellation order of the M-QAM modulated communications decreases. BPSK based communication are found to be better in performance for long cluster-BS distances in comparison to those in M-QAM. This work may help the network designers to tailor optimal permutation and combination of various physical layer parameters to facilitate energy-efficient WSN communications.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Energy utilization space time block coding Modulation Constellation size

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A Spatial Multiplexing MIMO Scheme with Beamforming and space-time block coding for Downlink Transmission

A Spatial Multiplexing MIMO Scheme with Beamforming and Spac...

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IEEE 24th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Xu, Jiaxiang Zhang, Jianhua Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Wireless Technol Innovat Inst Minist Educ Key Lab Universal Wireless Commun Beijing 100088 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467362337

This paper investigates a spatial multiplexing MIMO scheme with beamforming and space-time block coding (STBC) for downlink transmission. It combines SM-STBC with beamforming under high spatial correlated channel, and has the advantages of the three techniques. The proposed scheme utilizes beamforming weights to build uncorrelated virtual channels based on uplink direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, and we calculate weights with the help of the water-filling power allocation. The Butler fixed beamforming network is deployed to receive parallel data streams due to its ability to form orthogonal beams. We also propose a matching algorithm linking each data stream to corresponding receive beam, and give the order of successive interference cancellation detection. So the system can transmit parallel data streams as well as providing beamforming and diversity gain. Simulation results show the proposed scheme has a better performance than the benchmark systems under the same spectrum efficiency, and it is suitable for the rich scattering environment.

关键词： Beamforming downlinking space time block coding data flow space division multiplexing spectral efficiency block codes multiple input multiple output systems Direction of arrival estimation

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