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Distributed Binary Detection Over Fading Channels: Cooperative and Parallel Architectures

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2016年第9期65卷 7090-7109页

作者： Maleki, Nahal Vosoughi, Azadeh Rahnavard, Nazanin Univ Rochester Dept Elect & Comp Engn 601 Elmwood Ave Rochester NY 14627 USA Univ Cent Florida Dept Elect Engn & Comp Orlando FL 32816 USA

This paper considers the problem of binary distributed detection of a known signal in correlated Gaussian sensing noise in a wireless sensor network, where sensors are restricted to using the likelihood ratio test (LRT) and communicating with the fusion center (FC) over bandwidth-constrained channels that are subject to fading and noise. To mitigate the deteriorating effect of fading encountered in the conventional parallel fusion architecture, in which sensors directly communicate with the FC, we propose new fusion architectures that enhance the detection performance, via harvesting cooperative gain (so-called "decision diversity gain"). In particular, we propose 1) cooperative fusion architecture with Alamouti's space-time coding scheme at sensors, 2) cooperative fusion architecture with signal fusion at sensors, and 3) parallel fusion architecture with local threshold changing at sensors. For these schemes, we derive the LRT and majority fusion rules at the FC and provide upper bounds on the average error probabilities for homogeneous sensors, subject to uncorrelated Gaussian sensing noise, in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of communication and sensing channels. Our simulation results indicate that when the FC employs the LRT rule, except for low communication SNR and moderate/high sensing SNR, performance improvement is feasible with the new fusion architectures. When the FC utilizes the majority rule, such an improvement is possible, except for high sensing SNR.

关键词： Correlation distributed detection diversity error floor fusion and sensor rule parallel architecture space-time coding

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Robust high throughput space time block codes using parallel interference cancellation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2008年第5期7卷 1603-1613页

作者： Pau, Nicholas S. J. Taylor, Desmond P. Martin, Philippa A. Univ Canterbury Dept Elect & Comp Engn Christchurch 1 New Zealand

We present a space-time coded system which achieves high throughput and good performance using low-complexity detection and decoding. We focus on a Rate 2 quasi-orthogonal space-time block code structure which enables us to achieve an overall throughput of 5.6 bits/symbol period with good performance and relatively simple decoding using iterative parallel interference cancellation. We show that this can be achieved through the use of a bit-mapped coded modulation (BMCM) structure using parallel short low density parity check codes. The proposed system is shown to perform well on flat Rayleigh fading channels with a wide range of normalized fade rates, and to be robust to channel estimation errors. A comparison with bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is also provided.

关键词： error correcting coding iterative methods low density parity check codes MIMO systems space-time coding

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On the capacity of a multiple-antenna communication link with channel side information

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 2003年第3期21卷 395-405页

作者： Skoglund, M Jöngren, G Royal Inst Technol Dept Signal Sensors & Syst SE-10044 Stockholm Sweden

We investigate the capacity of a system with multiple transmit and receive antennas, assuming that the transmitter and receiver both have access to (possibly defective) channel-state information. Two different special cases of a general system are studied in detail. Our main results are capacity expressions for these cases and a general conclusion that the encoder can be split into separate "space-time coding" and "direction weighting" or "beamforming," without capacity loss. We also present numerical results illustrating the dependence of capacity on the parameters of a quantization scheme providing channel-state information to the transmitter from the receiver. These results have high practical value since the assumptions behind them are closely related to the ones of the closed-loop mode in the UMTS/WCDMA standard.

关键词： channel capacity channel coding multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems multiple antennas space-time coding wireless communications

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Trellis Coded Spatial Modulation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2010年第7期9卷 2349-2361页

作者： Mesleh, Raed Di Renzo, Marco Haas, Harald Grant, Peter M. Jacobs Univ Dept Elect Engn & Sci D-28759 Bremen Germany Univ Paris Sud SUPELEC CNRS L2SUMR 8506 F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Edinburgh Inst Digital Commun Joint Res Inst Signal & Image Proc Edinburgh EH9 3JL Midlothian Scotland

Trellis coded modulation (TCM) is a well known scheme that reduces power requirements without any bandwidth expansion. In TCM, only certain sequences of successive constellation points are allowed (mapping by set partitioning). The novel idea in this paper is to apply the TCM concept to the antenna constellation points of spatial modulation (SM). The aim is to enhance SM performance in correlated channel conditions. SM considers the multiple transmit antennas as additional constellation points and maps a first part of a block of information bits to the transmit antenna indices. Therefore, spatial multiplexing gains are retained and spectral efficiency is boosted. The second part of the block of information bits is mapped to a complex symbol using conventional digital modulation schemes. At any particular time instant, only one antenna is active. The receiver estimates the transmitted symbol and the active antenna index and uses the two estimates to retrieve the original block of data bits. In this paper, TCM partitions the entire set of transmit antennas into sub-sets such that the spacing between antennas within a particular sub-set is maximized. The scheme is called trellis coded spatial modulation (TCSM). Tight analytical performance bounds over correlated fading channels are proposed in this paper. In addition, the performance and complexity of TCSM is compared to the performance of SM, coded V-BLAST (vertical Bell Labs layered space-time) applying near optimum sphere decoder algorithm, and Alamouti scheme combined with TCM. Also, the performance of all schemes with turbo coded modulation is presented. It is shown that under the same spectral efficiency, TCSM exhibits significant performance enhancements in the presence of realistic channel conditions such as Rician fading and spatial correlation (SC). In addition, the complexity of the proposed scheme is shown to be 80% less than the V-BLAST complexity.

关键词： Spatial modulation MIMO trellis coded modulation V-BLAST sphere decoder space-time coding Alamouti scheme Rician fading spatial correlation

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space-time overlays for convolutionally coded systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2003年第9期51卷 1603-1612页

作者： El Gamal, H Hammons, AR Stefanov, A Ohio State Univ Dept Elect Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA Corvis Corp Columbia MD 21046 USA Polytech Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Brooklyn NY 11201 USA

In this paper, we consider the design of space-time overlays to upgrade single-antenna wireless communication systems to efficiently accommodate multiple transmit antennas. We define the overlay constraint such that the signal transmitted from the first antenna in the upgraded system is the same as that in the single-antenna system. The signals transmitted from the remaining antennas are designed according to space-time coding principles to achieve full spatial diversity in quasi-static flat fading channels. For both binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quaternary phase-shift keying-modulated systems, we develop an algebraic design framework that exploits the structure of existing single-dimensional convolutional codes in designing overlays that achieve full spatial diversity with minimum additional decoding complexity at the receiver. We also investigate a concatenated coding approach for BPSK overlay design in which the inner code is an orthogonal block code. This approach is shown to yield near optimal asymptotic performance for quasi-static fading channels. We conclude by offering a brief discussion outlining the extension of the proposed techniques to time-varying block fading channels.

关键词： convolutional codes fading channels multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) space-time coding

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space-time trellis codes for MSK

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COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2005年第4-5期31卷 263-271页

作者： Altunbas, I Istanbul Tech Univ Elect & Elect Fac TR-34469 Istanbul Turkey

Minimum shift keying (MSK) is a power/bandwidth efficient continuous phase modulation technique with constant envelope and, hence, is attractive for use in wireless systems employing inexpensive nonlinear power amplifiers. space-time coding provide high transmission rates, diversity and coding gains. In this paper, by combining these two techniques, full-rate full-diversity space-time trellis codes for MSK employing two and three transmit antennas are proposed for quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels. Their frame error rate performances are evaluated by computer simulations when one and four receive antennas are used and it is shown that the proposed codes have good error performance. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rayleigh fading space-time coding continuous phase modulation minimum shift keying

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space-time turbo trellis coded modulation for wireless data communications

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EURASIP JOURNAL ON APPLIED SIGNAL PROCESSING 2002年第5期2002卷 459-470页

作者： Firmanto, W Vucetic, B Yuan, JH Chen, Z Univ Sydney Sch Elect & Informat Engn Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Univ New S Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

This paper presents the design of space-time turbo trellis coded modulation (ST turbo TCM) for improving the bandwidth efficiency and the reliability of future wireless data networks. We present new recursive space-time trellis coded modulation (STTC) which outperform feedforward STTC proposed by Tarokh et al. (1998) and Baro et al. (2000) on slow and fast fading channels. A substantial improvement in performance can be obtained by constructing ST turbo TCM which consists of concatenated recursive STTC, decoded by iterative decoding algorithm. The proposed recursive STTC are used as constituent codes in this scheme. They have been designed to satisfy the design criteria for STTC on slow and fast fading channels, derived for systems with the product of transmit and receive antennas larger than 3. The proposed ST turbo TCM significantly outperforms the best known STTC on both slow and fast fading channels. The capacity of this scheme on fast fading channels is less than 3 dB away from the theoretical capacity bound for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channels.

关键词： space-time coding MIMO fading channels space-time trellis codes turbo coded modulation interative decoding

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space-time cooperation diversity using high-rate codes

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2007年第2期43卷 313-326页

作者： Wang, Genyuan Zhang, Yimin Amin, Moeness G. Villanova Univ Ctr Adv Commun Villanova PA 19085 USA

In a multi-user communication system, cooperative diversity allows single-antenna mobile sets to achieve transmit diversity. Cooperative diversity improves the communication capacity and enhances the robustness of a wireless link when a single channel alone is not reliable. In this paper, a novel cooperative diversity scheme is introduced that enables simultaneous transmission of non-redundant data from all cooperative terminals. By taking advantages of both high-rate full-diversity space-time codes and the cooperative diversity, the proposed method provides high diversity gain beyond the number of physical transmit antennas without compromising the data rates. In essence, the proposed system aims at higher data rates over the non-cooperative counterpart, while maintaining the full diversity gain.

关键词： cooperative diversity space-time coding wireless networks mobile communications MIMO

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Blind multiantenna receivers for dispersive DS/CDMA channels with no channel-state information

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2004年第10期52卷 2821-2835页

作者： Buzzi, S Lops, M Venturino, L Univ Cassino DAEIMI I-03043 Cassino Italy

The problem of blind multiuser detection for a direct sequence code division multiple access (DS/CDMA) system employing multiple transmit and receive antennae over a fading dispersive channel is considered. Relying upon a well-known signal representation, the strategy of two-stage multiuser detection is extended to the multiantenna case: Several design criteria are considered for both interference suppression and integration of the signals available at each antenna. In all cases, substantial immunity to multiple access interference (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) is achieved, with no prior information as to the channel state and as to the number and the signatures of the interfering users. Interestingly, the newly proposed strategy, while being practically equivalent to existing competitors for low users' number, proves much more effective as the network load increases. Additionally, a closed-form formula for the bit-error-rate and a lower bound to the near-far resistance are derived for uncoded systems and subsequently extended to space-time coded systems, showing that these analytical results apply not only to the system under consideration but also to any linear receiver performing differential detection.

关键词： blind multiuser detection differential detection dispersive fading chanels DS/CDMA multiantena communications space-time coding timing-free multiuser detection

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Channel estimation and interference suppression for space-time coded systems in frequency-selective fading channels

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WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & MOBILE COMPUTING 2002年第7期2卷 751-761页

作者： Li, L Li, HB Yao, YD Stevens Inst Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hoboken NJ 07030 USA

It is of great interest to provide high data rate services in wireless communication systems. In order to support such services, it is desirable to extend space-time (ST) coding, originally proposed for known, frequency-nonselective fading channels, to unknown, multipath channels. In this paper, we consider the problem of interference suppression for wireless TDMA (time division multiple access) systems equipped with multiple transmit antennas and receive antennas in frequency-selective fading channels. A novel scheme with space-time block coding based transmit diversity (STTD) is presented to estimate the multipath channel, coherently demodulate information symbols, and meanwhile suppress radio interference. The proposed scheme is simple to implement and able to mitigate interference of various origins, including intersymbol interference (ISI), cochannel interference (CCI), and others. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimator and detector in multipath Rayleigh-fading channels. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

关键词： interference suppression equalization space-time coding transmit diversity

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