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sparse antenna array design methodologies:A review

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 1-15页

作者： Pan Wu Yan-Hui Liu Zhi-Qin Zhao Qing-Huo Liu School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo315200China

Designing a sparse array with reduced transmit/receive modules(TRMs)is vital for some applications where the antenna system’s size,weight,allowed operating space,and cost are *** arrays exhibit distinct architectures,roughly classified into three categories:Thinned arrays,nonuniformly spaced arrays,and clustered *** numerous advanced synthesis methods have been presented for the three types of sparse arrays in recent years,a comprehensive review of the latest development in sparse array synthesis is *** work aims to fill this gap by thoroughly summarizing these *** study includes synthesis examples to facilitate a comparative analysis of different techniques in terms of both accuracy and ***,this review is intended to assist researchers and engineers in related fields,offering a clear understanding of the development and distinctions among sparse array synthesis techniques.

关键词： Clustered array Nonuniformly spaced array sparse antenna array Synthesis method Thinned array

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sparse antenna array With Flat-Top and Sharp Cutoff Radiation Patterns

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON antennaS AND PROPAGATION 2023年第6期71卷 4695-4703页

作者： Xu, Mingming Zhang, Chen Qiao, Haidong Zhang, Qingjun Deng, Changjiang Yu, Weihua Beijing Inst Technol Sch Integrated Circuits & Elect Beijing Key Lab Millimeter Wave & Terahertz Techn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China China Acad Space Technol CAST Inst Remote Sensing Satellite Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Siemens Healthineers Beijing 100102 Peoples R China China Aerosp Sci & Technol Corp Beijing Res Inst Telemetry Beijing 100094 Peoples R China

A sparse antenna array with flat-top and sharp cutoff radiation patterns is presented in this work. The array consists of 16 antenna elements, which is realized by applying a symmetrical sparse configuration with uniform excitation phase. This configuration simplifies the excitations of the array while maintaining excellent radiation performance. The dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna based on the proposed sparse antenna arrays in the bands of 1.71-2.17 and 2.30-2.69 GHz is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in very good agreement with the predicted ones, showing that the port reflection coefficient is less than -15.0 dB, and the isolation is greater than 28.5 dB. In addition, the array has a gain of 10.1-12.3 dB, a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 45 degrees +/- 5 degrees in both the horizontal and vertical planes, a cutoff transition of less than 17.4 degrees from -3 to -20 dB between the main beam and the sidelobe area, and a sidelobe level suppressed to below -21.1 dB. Apart from the good radiation performance, the proposed sparse antenna array has a compact size with very few antenna elements, which is very suitable for communication in a crowded scene.

关键词： Flat-top pattern sharp cutoff sparse antenna array square-shaped

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Generalized Hole-Free sparse antenna array Design With Even/Odd Maximum Interelement Spacing

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IEEE antennaS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS 2025年第3期24卷 716-720页

作者： Zhao, Pinjiao Wu, Qisong Hu, Guobing Wang, Liwei Wan, Liangtian Jinling Inst Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 211169 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Key Lab Underwater Acoust Signal Proc Minist Educ Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Nanjing Elect Devices Inst Nanjing 210007 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Software Dalian 116620 Peoples R China

In this letter, we introduce two generalized sparse antenna arrays designed based on the maximum interelement spacing constraint (MISC) criterion. The proposed arrays, named GEMISC(E) and GEMISC(O), are developed by filling the holes of enhanced MISC array (EMISC) through sensor rearrangement, with a special focus on even and odd maximum interelement spacings (MIES). The GEMISC(E) and GEMISC(O) are constructed by configurating the interelement spacings (IES) set and are proved to possess filled difference coarrays. In addition, several common characteristics for the hole-free MISC-based array designs are outlined. Theoretical propositions and simulations validate the performance of the proposed arrays in terms of uniform degrees of freedom and mutual coupling, underscoring their potential to enhance target identifiability and estimation accuracy.

关键词： Degrees of freedom direction-of-arrival maximum interelement spacing constraint (MISC) mutual coupling sparse antenna array

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A sparse antenna array Synthesis Method for Road Positioning

A Sparse Antenna Array Synthesis Method for Road Positioning

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IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)

作者： Wan, Tong Wang, Chongqin Lu, Yiming Yang, Ninghe Lu, Bo Shen, Feng Harbin Inst Technol Sch Instrumentat Sci & Engn Harbin Peoples R China Harbin Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Elect Engn Harbin Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Elite Engineers Sch Harbin Peoples R China Beijing Aerosp Automat Control Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380903;9798350380910

Ultra wideband (UWB) is a new communication technology that provides centimeter-level ranging accuracy. It has been used in situations when there are no global positioning systems accessible. Generally, omnidirectional antennas are employed with UWB systems. UWB, which radiates to one direction, is adequate in road positioning conditions. In this work, We apply sparse antenna array to UWB systems. sparse antenna array is characterized by directional radiation, high gain and low sidelobe level. We employ Penrose tessellation in conjunction with invasive weed optimization to design an eight-antenna sparse array. The results of field experiment indicate that the accuracy of bar antenna and sparse antenna array is similar, while sparse antenna array achieves higher gain and resistance to multipath interference. In continuous dynamic and static experiments, sparse antenna array outperform bar antenna by a significant margin.

关键词： Ultra Wideband Positioning sparse antenna array Penrose Tessellation Invasive Weed Optimization

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sparse antenna array Based Positional Modulation Design With a Low-Complexity Metasurface

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 177640-177646页

作者： Zhang, Bo Liu, Wei Ma, Jingxiao Qi, Zichen Zhang, Junwei Han, Liang Li, Yang Zhao, Xiaonan Zhang, Cuiping Wang, Cheng Tianjin Normal Univ Coll Elect & Commun Engn Tianjin Key Lab Wireless Mobile Commun & Power Tr Tianjin 300387 Peoples R China Univ Sheffield Dept Elect & Elect Engn Commun Res Grp Sheffield S1 4ET S Yorkshire England Tongji Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China Taikang Life Insurance Co Ltd Beijing 100031 Peoples R China

Positional modulation (PM) has been introduced recently where a given modulation pattern can only be received at certain desired positions. To achieve it, the multi-path effect is exploited for positional modulation with the aid of metasurface acting as a low-cost flexible reflecting surface. In this paper, sparse antenna array based positional modulation design is proposed for the first time;to reduce the implementation complexity of the metasurface, the number of active units is also minimised for a given PM design requirement. Design examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed design.

关键词： Modulation Transmitters Linear antenna arrays Electromagnetics Phased arrays Positional modulation directional modulation metasurface sparse antenna array

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A Robust Multi Sample Compressive Sensing Technique for DOA Estimation Using sparse antenna array

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 140848-140861页

作者： Mirza, Hamid Ali Raja, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Chaudhary, Naveed Ishtiaq Qureshi, Ijaz Mansoor Malik, Aqdas Naveed Int Islamic Univ Islamabad Dept Elect Engn Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Future Technol Res Ctr Touliu 64002 Yunlin Taiwan COMSATS Univ Islamabad Dept Comp & Elect Engn Attock Campus Attock 43600 Pakistan Air Univ Islamabad Dept Elect Engn Islamabad Pakistan

In this paper, a multi sample compressive sensing (CS) technique is presented for the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using sparse antenna array that has applications in several fields including radars and sonars. Two different types of sparse antenna arrays are considered. One is linear sparse array for DOA estimation in one dimension and other is L shaped sparse array for DOA estimation in two dimensions. To make the algorithm robust against impulsive and Gaussian noise, a preprocessing stage is introduced. First, in the preprocessing stage median difference correntropy is used that combines median difference and the generalized correntropy. This suppresses the amplitude of impulsive noise. Second, the strength of weighted moving average filter is exploited before applying the CS technique to make the algorithm more robust. In the CS techniques, the source energy is distributed among the adjacent grid due to grid mismatch. Therefore, a fitness function based on the difference of the source energy among the adjacent grid is introduced. This provides the best discretization value through iterative grid refinement for the grid. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method is verified through exhaustive simulations for different number of sources and noise scenarios using one dimensional and two-dimensional sparse array structures.

关键词： Estimation Direction-of-arrival estimation Compressed sensing Robustness Linear antenna arrays Gaussian noise Direction of arrival multi source detection compressive sensing linear programming convex optimization grid refinement sparse antenna array

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Joint sparsity-driven three-dimensional imaging method for multiple-input multiple-output radar with sparse antenna array

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2017年第5期11卷 709-720页

作者： Hu, Xiaowei Tong, Ningning Song, Baojun Ding, Shanshan Zhao, Xiaoru Air Force Engn Univ Air & Missile Def Coll Xian 710051 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging of a moving target can be achieved via a wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with planar array in a single snapshot. The sparse recovery (SR) method has been introduced to deal with the MIMO imaging problem with sparse array recently. For sparse linear array, SR method can successfully achieve the high cross-range resolution. For sparse planar array, however, it is not effective to use a SR algorithm directly in 2D cross-range direction, because the final 2D imagery will be blurred by the SR-induced range cell migration (RCM) in the former cross-range direction. To remove the RCM, a joint sparsity-driven method is proposed in this study by exploiting the joint sparsity of echo signal. An improved imagery can be obtained with fewer antennas and higher calculation efficiency. Comparative experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： MIMO radar planar antenna arrays radar antennas radar imaging radar resolution broadband antennas linear antenna arrays echo motion compensation joint sparsity-driven three-dimensional imaging method sparse antenna array 3D imaging moving target imaging wideband multiple-input multiple-output radar wideband MIMO radar sparse recovery method SR method MIMO imaging problem sparse linear array cross-range resolution sparse planar array 2D cross-range direction 2D imagery SR-induced range cell migration SR-induced RCM echo signal

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Study on a sparse antenna array for Terahertz Imaging 10

Study on a Sparse Antenna Array for Terahertz Imaging

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10th UK-Europe-China Workshop on Millimetre Waves and Terahertz Technologies (UCMMT)

作者： Hu, Shaoqing Zhou, Min Chen, Xiaodong Alfadhl, Yasir Queen Mary Univ London Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781538627204

This paper presents our study on a sparse antenna array for 0.22 THz imaging. Based on the effective aperture concept for the design of sparse antenna array, two schemes for high performance THz imaging of a target at distance of 1 m have been achieved in simulation. Then, different schemes of larger array element spacing and mechanical scanning spacing have been investigated to build the relationship between their configurations and imaging performance. Based on the study, it is predicted theoretically and from the reconstructed images that only 16 transmitting and 16 receiving antennas will be sufficient to scan a 2.0 m * 0.8 m target. And the spatial resolution of 4.44 mm at 5 m is potentially achieved. Therefore, this study will provide a valuable guideline for the following sparse array design in a high performance THz imaging system.

关键词： sparse antenna array effective aperture two-way radiation pattern THz imaging

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A W-Band Two-Dimensional Monopulse sparse array antenna

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON antennaS AND PROPAGATION 2022年第10期70卷 9260-9269页

作者： Cao, Zhixiang Chen, Yang Meng, Hongfu Southeast Univ State Key Lab Millimeter Waves Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Huaiyin Normal Univ Sch Phys & Elect Elect Engn Huaian 223001 Peoples R China Purple Mt Labs Nanjing 211111 Peoples R China

A novel W-band 2-D monopulse sparse array antenna with suppressed sidelobe levels is proposed in this article. The 2-D monopulse antenna is composed of a radiation sparse array, an irregular interconnected waveguide -based network, a power divider network, and a sum-difference network. The sparse array uses a box-horn as the radiation element and is optimized based on the genetic algorithm, which exhibits low sparsity and low sidelobe levels. The whole aperture of the antenna is divided into four subarrays. To feed all the radiating elements that are randomly distributed in the subarrays with the same amplitude and equal phase, an irregular interconnected waveguide -based network and a power divider network are designed. Finally, a sum-difference network is connected to the end of the four subarrays to obtain the sum and difference radiation performance results for the monopulse antenna. A 2-D monopulse sparse array antenna with 32 radiating elements is fabricated and measured. The measured vertical bar S-11 vertical bar <= -10 dB bandwidth of the antenna is over 6 GHz (from 90 to 96 GHz). At the center frequency, the maximal gain of the sum radiation pattern is approximately 24.0 dBi, with low sidelobe levels (both E-plane and H-plane) less than -19.0 dB. In addition, the null depth of the difference radiation pattern is less than -30.0 dB.

关键词： Horn antenna millimeter wave monopulse antenna sparse antenna array

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Investigations on the Performance of Isophoric Linear sparse array antenna with Low Sidelobe Level due to Non-Isotropic Radiators

Investigations on the Performance of Isophoric Linear Sparse...

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2023 IEEE Microwaves, antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2023

作者： Kedar, Ashutosh Min. of Defence Govt. of India C V Raman Nagar Bangalore560093 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328264

This paper presents design of isophoric (equally fed) linear sparse array antennas (LSA) using particle swarm optimizer (PSO). The synthesized LSA is electromagnetically modelled using method of moments (MOM) based commercial em solver using a practical radiator to study effect of practical constraints such as mutual coupling, finite array edges and realistic element pattern on the LSA performance. The investigations into the performance of the LSAs brings out the various design guidelines and their applicability to the various domains. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： isophoric low sidelobe level MoM PSO sparse antenna array

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