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4th International Workshop on Intelligent Systems (IWIS)

作者： Kim, Donggeun Jo, Dongsik Univ Ulsan Dept Elect Elect & Comp Engn Ulsan South Korea Univ Ulsan Dept IT Convergence Ulsan South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353310;9798350353303

Recently, with the advent of high-performance HMD devices such as the Apple Vision Pro, there has been a surge of interest in spatial computing, which is a computing environment that is free of spatial constraints and freer from traditional confined environments. The development of spatial computing targets to maximize the user immersion experience, and research on optimal user interface (UI) design is actively underway. In this paper, we propose a technique to measure the effect of tangible interfaces provided by existing computing devices on user experience by applying them to spatial computing environments. The findings of this thesis are expected to make important contributions to the development and advancement of spatial computing technology in the future.

关键词： spatial computing Tangible user interface (TUI) Human-computer interaction (HCI) User experience

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Question-Based spatial computing-A Case Study 19th

Question-Based Spatial Computing-A Case Study

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Vahedi, Behzad Kuhn, Werner Ballatore, Andrea Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Geog Ctr Spatial Studies Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) support spatial problem solving by large repositories of procedures, which aremainly operating onmap layers. These procedures and their parameters are often not easy to understand and use, especially not for domain experts without extensive GIS training. This hinders a wider adoption of mapping and spatial analysis across disciplines. Building on the idea of core concepts of spatial information, and further developing the language for spatial computing based on them, we introduce an alternative approach to spatial analysis, based on the idea that users should be able to ask questions about the environment, rather than finding and executing procedures on map layers. We define such questions in terms of the core concepts of spatial information, and use data abstraction instead of procedural abstraction to structure command spaces for application programmers (and ultimately for end users). We sketch an implementation in Python that enables application programmers to dispatch computations to existing GIS capabilities. The gains in usability and conceptual clarity are illustrated through a case study from economics, comparing a traditional procedural solution with our declarative approach. The case study shows a reduction of computational steps by around 45 %, as well as smaller and better organized command spaces.

关键词： spatial computing Core concepts Question based analysis Abstract data types

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BetweenWearable and spatial computing: Exploring Four Interaction Techniques at the Intersection of Smartwatches and Head-mounted Displays 24

BetweenWearable and Spatial Computing: Exploring Four Intera...

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16th Annual ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA)

作者： Estalagem, Nuno Esteves, Augusto Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn Lisbon Portugal Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn ITI LARSyS Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706073

In this paperwe introduce four bi-directional interaction techniques that sit between smartwatches and head-mounted displays (HMDs): gaze dwell, gaze and tap, mid-air touch, and trackpad. Our goal is to expand the input and output space of smartwatches while leveraging this as a familiar anchor for digital content that also provides HMDs with an inconspicuous and available input space. In an initial study (N=12) we characterize user performance, experience, and preference with the techniques in a task involving discrete and list-based selections, where interface targets were anchored to participants' wrists and heads. While our findings show that all four techniques were usable and effective, mid-air touch and gaze and tap were the best-performing and favored techniques by most participants - who described them as "precise", "fast", or "intuitive". We conclude by describing potential future work in this domain of cross-device interaction.

关键词： Multimodal interaction Wearable ecosystems Smartwatches Head-mounted displays spatial computing eXtended Reality

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Enhancing Design Education Through spatial computing: A Comparative Study of Traditional and Immersive Technologies in Chair Design Projects 54

Enhancing Design Education Through Spatial Computing: A Comp...

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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Xia, Lei Li, Xiaomei Qin, Yulong Li, Dan Fan, Ling College of Design & Innovation Tongji University Shanghai China School of Design Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This innovation practice explores whether using spatial computing technologies in the form of the Apple Vision Pro and Nomad Sculpt in a mixed-reality environment affects student outcomes on learning goals and creative expression in the context of a chair design project in design education. The primary hypothesis of the study is that, even though students are provided with the exact project specifications, goals, and assessment rubrics, student design outcomes on learning goals and creative expression in the chair design project will improve when using the Apple Vision Pro and Nomad Sculpt as opposed to traditional digital design technologies (the control group using iPads and Nomad Sculpt). In the chair design project, learning goals and course outcomes were framed around projects that included mass, support, openings, shape expression, technical articulation, conversation, structure, sustainability, form, and fulfillment. On average, the subset of students using the Apple Vision Pro and Nomad Sculpt reported more intuitive, immersive, and creative experiences in the design process and the resulting chair designs in reflective essays. These findings are mainly based on quantitative measures of flexibility, idea originality, idea execution, depth of conceptual understanding, engagement, and qualitative measures of experiences through surveys and interviews. Developing an understanding of these tools to provide rich, relevant feedback and enabling productive critique and implementation on the device seems almost insurmountable hurdles due to access, new technologies' learning curve, and the inefficiency of integrating spatial computing tools into pedagogical frameworks. Overall, the research highlights the critical pedagogical advantages of using spatial computing technologies such as the Apple Vision Pro in design education, particularly in design fields requiring high visual-spatial aptitude levels. Furthermore, it provides guidelines for future research into the e

关键词： Design Education spatial computing Virtual Reality

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Future Perspectives in Healthcare: An Analysis of Augmented Reality and spatial computing in Hospital Environments

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 238卷 932-937页

作者： Carlos Alves José Luís Reis José Paulo Marques dos Santos Luís Mendes Gomes José Machado ALGORITMI/LASI Research Centre Escola de Engenharia - Universidade do Minho Campus Azurém 4800-058 Guimarães Portugal Department of Business Administration - University of Maia Av. Carlos de Oliveira Campos 4475-690 Maia Portugal Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC) - University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 4200-465 Porto Portugal LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory - Campus Azurém 4800-058 Guimarães Portugal ALGORITMI/LASI Universidade dos Açores 9500-321 Ponta Delgada Portugal

This article investigates the applicability of Augmented Reality (AR) and spatial computing in hospital environments, exploring how these technologies can enhance interaction between patients and healthcare professionals as well as the efficiency of medical procedures. Through a systematic literature review using the PRISMA methodology, relevant articles highlighting the potential of these technologies in the hospital setting were selected and analysed. The results suggest a growing adoption of AR and spatial computing, driven by the advancement of 5G technology, with the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, the effectiveness of surgical procedures, and the educational experience of healthcare professionals. The study concludes that the integration of these emerging technologies promises to transform hospital environments, emphasising the need to overcome technical, ethical, and privacy challenges to maximise their positive impact on health.

关键词： Augmented Reality AR spatial computing Helathcare

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Transforming Sales in Healthcare: The Impact of Augmented Reality and spatial computing on the Medical Equipment Industry

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 251卷 703-708页

作者： Carlos Alves José Luís Reis José Machado ALGORITMI/LASI Research Centre Escola de Engenharia – Universidade do Minho Campus Azurém 4800-058 Guimarães Portugal Department of Business Administration University of Maia Av. Carlos de Oliveira Campos 4475-690 Maia Portugal Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory (LIACC) - University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 4200-465 Porto Portugal LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory - Campus Azurém 4800-058 Guimarães Portugal

Lately, there has been a surge of interest in spatial computing, which combines AR, VR and other technologies, especially in the health industry. While a lot has been done on its applications in such clinical aspects as surgeries and patient experience enhancement, there is less info on its application in medical equipment marketing in hospitals. This paper presents the current trends and practices in the use of networks of immersive technology in marketing medical devices. Besides surveying the secondary literature, the present investigation examines three case studies in this sector. Nowadays, most applications are not focused on promoting medical devices, making it easy to achieve innovation in this field mainly by utilising immersive technology, which has been developed for other industries.

关键词： spatial computing Augmented Reality Medical Device Demonstration E-commerce for Medical Devices Medical Device Commercialization AR/MR in Medical Equipment Sales Clinical Applications of AR/MR

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CamPU: A Multi-Camera Processing Unit for Deep Learning-based 3D spatial computing Systems

CamPU: A Multi-Camera Processing Unit for Deep Learning-base...

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IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO)

作者： Dongseok Im Hoi-Jun Yoo Information & Electronics Research Institute KAIST Daejeon South Korea School of Electrical Engineering KAIST Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350350579

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350586

A 3D spatial computing system that understands a surrounding environment and interacts with real-world objects has emerged with the development of deep learning technologies. A multi-camera system captures a surrounding view of a scene using multiple cameras, and a deep neural network (DNN) system extracts semantic features from multi-camera images and provides useful information to users. However, processing a multi-camera system requires massive memory accesses as the number of cameras increases while processing a DNN system can improve throughput by exploiting batch processing. This performance gap limits the overall performance of 3D spatial computing systems. To solve this problem, a multi-camera processing unit (CamPU) is proposed. CamPU exploits the inter- and intra-data reuse methods on multi-camera images, minimizing memory accesses for image projection. Moreover, the out-of-order image projection unit with cache memory is designed to increase multi-image projection throughput by avoiding redundant cache accesses and hiding the latency of high-level memory accesses. Lastly, the overlap-aware blending unit speeds up image blending by efficiently handling overlapping regions between adjacent images. The CamPU architecture is evaluated through RTL-level simulation, and the CamPU-integrated DNN platform provides a comprehensive analysis of end-to-end multi-camera deep learning-based 3D spatial systems. Finally, CamPU speedups the overall system performance 2.9 x faster than an NVIDIA RTX2080Ti GPU platform.

关键词： Out of order System performance Cache memory Graphics processing units Artificial neural networks Three-dimensional printing Cameras Throughput Feature extraction spatial computing

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Study of User Experience Benefits Amount Tangible User Interface for spatial computing

Study of User Experience Benefits Amount Tangible User Inter...

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Intelligent Systems, International Workshop on

作者： Donggeun Kim Dongsik Jo Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea Department of IT Convergence University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350353303

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353310

关键词： Conferences Resists User interfaces User experience spatial computing Surges Intelligent systems

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An Out-of-Order Load-Store Queue for spatial computing

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON EMBEDDED computing SYSTEMS 2017年第5-Sup期16卷 125-125页

作者： Josipovic, Lana Brisk, Philip Ienne, Paolo Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Univ Calif Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA

The efficiency of spatial computing depends on the ability to achieve maximal parallelism. This necessitates memory interfaces that can correctly handle memory accesses that arrive in arbitrary order while still respecting data dependencies and ensuring appropriate ordering for semantic correctness. However, a typical memory interface for out-of-order processors (i.e., a load-store queue) cannot immediately meet these requirements: a different allocation policy is needed to achieve out-of-order execution in spatial systems that naturally omit the notion of sequential program order, a fundamental piece of information for correct execution. We show a novel and practical way to organize the allocation for an out-of-order load-store queue for spatial computing. The main idea is to dynamically allocate groups of memory accesses ( depending on the dynamic behavior of the application), where the access order within the group is statically predetermined ( for instance by a high-level synthesis tool). We detail the construction of our load-store queue and demonstrate on a few practical cases its advantages over standard accelerator-memory interfaces.

关键词： Load-store queue spatial computing allocation dynamic scheduling

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A Reconfigurable Branch Predictor for spatial computing Architectures

A Reconfigurable Branch Predictor for Spatial Computing Arch...

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作者： Yanan Lu Leibo Liu Jian Liu Shouyi Yin Shaojun Wei Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University

Branch predictors are widely used in general purpose processors to deal with control flows. However, control flows are spatially dispersed in spatial computing architectures and traditional branch predictors are not so much effective. This paper proposes a novel branch predictor that can be configured into different prediction modes according to the control flow characteristics. Experiment results show that the proposed predictor exceeds all the traditional predictors in terms of accuracy on a coarsegrained reconfigurable array platform. It improves the prediction accuracy by 5.09% compared to a state-of-the-art technique in the cost of slight area increment.

关键词： Branch predictor reconfigurable spatial computing CGRA

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