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spatial interpolation methods for virtual rotating array beamforming with arbitrary microphone configurations

Aerospace Systems 2022年第1期5卷 149-158页

作者： Yang, Jiacheng Zhang, Ce Ma, Wei School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China

Virtual rotating array (VRA) beamforming is a robust technique in the identification of rotating sound sources in frequency-domain. Under normal circumstances, the configuration of microphone array is established in ring geometry centred around the rotating axis. Two interpolation methods for arbitrary microphone configurations are proposed by Jekosch and Sarradj (Acoustics, 2020). One is to construct a mesh between all stationary microphones using Delaunay-triangulation, another one is a meshless technique based on radial basis function. However, whether other spatial interpolation methods are available in VRA beamforming with arbitrary microphone configurations is still unclear. This paper adds several new spatial interpolation methods in VRA beamforming and detailedly compares the performances of these interpolation methods in simulations. The simulating results demonstrated that all these interpolation methods are successfully applied in VRA beamforming with arbitrary microphone configurations. Inverse distance weighting interpolation method owns the best performance in rotating sound source localization. In addition, all these interpolation methods have poor spectrum construction capability and sound source strength precision. © 2021, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

关键词： Beamforming Rotating sound source localization spatial interpolation method Virtual rotating array

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Comparing different spatial interpolation methods to predict the distribution of fishes:A case study of Coilia nasus in the Changjiang River Estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第8期40卷 119-132页

作者： Shaoyuan Pan Siquan Tian Xuefang Wang Libin Dai Chunxia Gao Jianfeng Tong College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center Shanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploitation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201306China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201306China

spatial-temporal distribution of marine fishes is strongly influenced by environmental *** obtain a more continuous distribution of these variables usually measured by stationary sampling designs,spatial interpolation methods(SIMs)is usually ***,different SIMs may obtain varied estimation values with significant differences,thus affecting the prediction of fish spatial *** this study,different SIMs were used to obtain continuous environmental variables(water depth,water temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen(DO),p H,chlorophyll a and chemical oxygen demand(COD))in the Changjiang River Estuary(CRE),including inverse distance weighted(IDW)interpolation,ordinary Kriging(OK)(semivariogram model:exponential(OKE),Gaussian(OKG)and spherical(OKS))and radial basis function(RBF)(regularized spline function(RS)and tension spline function(TS)).The accuracy and effect of SIMs were cross-validated,and two-stage generalized additive model(GAM)was used to predict the distribution of Coilia nasus from 2012 to 2014 in *** and COD were removed before model prediction due to their autocorrelation coefficient based on variance inflation factors *** showed that the estimated values of environmental variables obtained by the different SIMs differed(i.e.,mean values,range etc.).Cross-validation revealed that the most suitable SIMs of water depth and chlorophyll a was IDW,water temperature and salinity was RS,and p H was ***,different interpolation results affected the predicted spatial distribution of Coilia nasus in the *** mean values of the predicted abundance were similar,but the differences between and among the maximum value were *** showed that different SIMs can affect estimated values of the environmental variables in the CRE(especially salinity).These variations further suggest that the most applicable SIMs to each variable will also ***,it is necessary to take these potential impacts into consideration when

关键词： the Changjiang River Estuary marine environmental factors spatial interpolation method Coilia nasus spatial distribution

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DAI algorithm: A QGIS plugin for daily aerial image interpolation

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ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2025年第4期75卷 3335-3339页

作者： Romero-Macias, Tobias Amurrio-Garcia, C. Jimenez-Garcia, Jose L. Blanco-Gomez, Pablo Vielca Medio Ambiente SL Avda Aragon 17 Valencia 46010 Spain Vielca Medio Ambiente SL Environm Dept Avda Aragon 17 Valencia 46010 Spain Vielca Ingn SA R&D Dept Avda Aragon 17 Valencia 46010 Spain

This article describes the Daily Aerial Image (DAI) algorithm, a QGIS plugin implemented in Python for satellite image interpolation. The presence of clouds and the time difference between two satellite images make it difficult to observe the Earth's surface with remote sensors. To solve this problem, the spatial and temporal combination of two observed clean images may be of particular interest to GIS users and satellite image scientists. The DAI package uses tri-band raster images from two different dates to interpolate the intermediate images on a daily basis. (c) 2024 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Satellite imagery QGIS plugin spatial interpolation method

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spatial variation and pollution risk assessment of heavy metals in industrial soil based on geochemical data and GIS-A case of an iron and steel plant in Beijing?China

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2024年第18期104卷 6826-6847页

作者： Wu, Zhiyuan Xia, Tianxiang Jia, Xiaoyang Beijing Municipal Res Inst Ecoenvironm Protect Beijing Key Lab risk modeling & remediat contamina Beijing Peoples R China

The precise range of contamination determines the cost of treating heavy metals contamination of soils at industrial sites and was a key aspect of soil heavy metals contamination management. The pollution level and spatial correlation of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in one hundred and thirty topsoil samples from a typical contaminated site was analysed. Geochemical analysis showed that Hg pollution was the most serious in the site, followed by Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr. The contents of As and Ni in the soil did not exceed the background values. The interpolation accuracy, interpolation results and spatial distribution of inverse distance weight method (IDW), local polynomial method (LPI), radial basis function method (RBF) and ordinary kriging method (OK) were compared, respectively. The results show that the range, mean and coefficient of variation of the four interpolation methods were generally lower than that of the sampled data, which was mainly caused by smoothing effect. The smoothing effect of LPI and OK were the most serious, while the smoothing effect of IDW and RBF were not obvious. The optimal interpolation method of Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb and Zn in polluted sites was RBF and the optimal interpolation method for As, Cu and Ni was IDW. The evaluation of polluted area by IDW and RBF interpolation method was ranked as IDW > RBF, which was much larger than that calculated by sampling point. Both interpolation methods could increased the area of polluted area. The probability kriging (PK) method was similar to that based on sampling points, which can greatly improve the calculation accuracy of heavy metals polluted area in industrial contaminated sites. Geochemical data and spatial interpolation results show that phytoremediation techniques was the most suitable for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils at this site.

关键词： Geochemistry spatial interpolation method heavy metals industrial sites soil contamination

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Current Research and Perspective of Soil Nutrients spatial Variation Characteristics in Flue-cured Tobacco Planting Soil in China

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EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE 2023年第10期56卷 1432-1441页

作者： Feng, J. N. Xia, T. Y. Wu, C. Chen, Z. B. Li, Z. J. Bai, Y. J. Yang, L. J. Gong, Y. X. Zhai, N. Tang, Z. X. Kunming Univ Coll Agr & Life Sci Kunming 650214 Yunnan Peoples R China Honghe Univ Coll Biol & Agr Sci Honghe 661100 Yunnan Peoples R China

A good soil environment helps to ensure the healthy growth of flue-cured tobacco plants, and the nutrients therein profoundly affect the sustainable development of planted tobacco resources. In exploring the spatial variability characteristics of soil nutrients, visualization methods and the construction of a comprehensive soil fertility evaluation system can provide a scientific reference for determining the nutrient content of tobacco planting soil. Using a bibliometric approach, we collected 90 published papers from 2008 to 2022 from the Web of Science and CNKI databases on the spatial variation in soil nutrient characteristics of flue-cured tobacco planting soil, with a focus on the conditions found in China. The current situation and potential issues were analyzed according to the indicator selection frequency, spatial variation visualization method, and influencing factors. There were 20 indicators reflecting the soil nutrients of flue-cured tobacco planting soil. The frequency of available zinc was the highest at 42.86%, followed by phosphorus, organic matter, pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium. Among the visualization methods, Kriging interpolation was the most widely used, with an application frequency of 68.80%. The influencing factors were divided into natural and human ones. Principal component analysis was commonly used to screen indicators and determine weights, and the soil fertility suitability index was used to evaluate the spatially integrated fertility of soil nutrients for flue-cured tobacco planting. Available zinc, available phosphorus, soil organic matter, soil pH, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium are important evaluation indices for determining the spatial variability of soil nutrients in flue-cured tobacco planting soil. The selection of indicators, the determination of their weights, and method selection all significantly affect the accuracy of soil nutrient evaluation;thus, future work shoul

关键词： bibliometric method soil assessment indicators soil fertility assessment spatial interpolation method

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Optimal RCM and spatial interpolation methods for estimating future precipitation in the Republic of Korea

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LHB-HYDROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2022年第1期108卷

作者： Park, Hyoseon Jang, Dongwoo Incheon Natl Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Incheon South Korea

Recent droughts and floods caused by climate change have caused considerable damage to the use of water resources. According to several climate forecasts in various Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports, the use of stable water resources remains vulnerable and can be heavily influenced by climate change. An adequate response to the climate change threat is thus growing more important for water resources management. This study aimed to select the optimal regional climate model (RCM) and spatial interpolation method for the practical application of future estimation of precipitation data produced by climate change scenarios. The results indicate that HadGEM3-RA (Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 3 - Regional Atmospheric) is the most suitable of the five RCMs when comparing its predicted values to the monthly precipitation forecasts of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), from 2006 to 2015, in Korea. Universal kriging was chosen as the optimal interpolation method for generating accurate precipitation data, among several spatial interpolation methods. In Korea, the accuracy of precipitation prediction by the RCM is low on the coasts and islands. In comparison, the accuracy is found to be higher in the northern inland area.

关键词： Precipitation regional climate model climate change spatial interpolation method Precipitation modele climatique regional changement climatique methode d'interpolation spatiale

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Comparison of methods to estimate areal means of short duration rainfalls in small catchments, using rain gauge and radar data

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JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY 2020年 588卷

作者： Hwang, Seok Hwan Kim, Kue Bum Han, Dawei Korea Inst Civil Engn & Bldg Technol Dept Land Water & Environm Res Goyang Si South Korea Minist Environm Water Resources Policy Div Sejong Si South Korea Univ Bristol Water & Environm Management Res Ctr Dept Civil Engn Bristol Avon England

Flood forecasting for early alerts is a challenging task for hydrologists. This is particularly the case in small catchments due to a lack of upstream gauges and their flashy response. In such catchments, estimating areal mean rainfall at short intervals by applying spatial interpolation schemes based on rain gauge data in short time scales is a significant work for accurate flood forecasting. In this study, we compare and evaluate four commonly used spatial interpolation methods in small catchments, which have small numbers of rain gauges in South Korea. We investigate the impacts of catchment area on different spatial interpolation schemes. Then a simulation is done with hypothetical storms to illustrate the limitation of the Thiessen method. Local heavy rainfall events have been selected for case studies and 10-minute rain gauge rainfall data are used, since short time scales of rainfall data are generally needed for flash flood forecasting and alerts. Furthermore, we analyse the characteristics of different spatial interpolation techniques by comparing the results with weather radar rainfall. The results revealed that mean absolute percentage discrepancy (MAPD) of areal mean rainfall between the Thiessen polygon method and the other three interpolation schemes (Inverse distance weighting, Multiquadric interpolation, Kriging) increases rapidly as the catchment area becomes smaller, especially when the catchment area is less than 500km(2). In addition, regarding the number of rain gauges in a catchment, the smaller the number of rain gauges used in calculating areal mean rainfall, the larger the MAPD becomes, as expected. Furthermore, the number of rainfall events with outliers increased as correlation among rain gauge locations increased, which implies that outliers are more likely to happen when the gauges are located in a linear format rather than in a cluster. Finally, the temporal distributions of areal mean rainfall obtained from rain gauge and weather radar

关键词： spatial interpolation method Thiessen polygon Inverse distance weighting Multiquadric interpolation Kriging Radar rainfall

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Assessment of the heavy metal contamination using GIS-based approach and pollution indices in agricultural soils from Beni Amir irrigated perimeter, Tadla plain, Morocco

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ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES 2018年第22期11卷 1-18页

作者： Oumenskou, Hakima El Baghdadi, Mohamed Barakat, Ahmed Aquit, Mohamed Ennaji, Widad Karroum, Lalla Aicha Aadraoui, Mohamed Sultan My Slimane Univ Beni Mellal Fac Sci & Tech Georessources & Environm Lab Beni Mellal Morocco OCP SA Laayoune Laayoune Morocco

In agricultural soils, the contamination of heavy metals has become a major source of soil pollution in the world because of intensive agriculture practices. This paper aimed to assess the heavy metal contamination in the Beni Amir irrigated perimeter in Tadla plain, Morocco, using various geoaccumulation index and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Forty seven subsurface agricultural soil samples were analyzed for Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Cd contents. The results revealed that soils were contaminated by metals having concentrations (Zn: 294.7mg/kg, Cr: 57.0mg/kg, Pb: 33.3mg/kg, Cu: 25.9mg/kg, and Cd: 1.8mg/kg) exceeding the WHO and FAO limits. Moreover, the highest metal contents were noticed around industrial areas and agglomerations. In our study area, the geoaccumulation indexes (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), contamination factors (CF), and Load Pollution Index (PLI) are confirmed the anthropogenic sources of heavy metals. The spatial pattern for Zn, Cr, Cd, and Pb revealed that the contamination are related to the land use and to the influence of anthropogenic pollution and soil properties such as soil pH, organic matter, and clay mineralogy.

关键词： Plain Tadla Agricultural soils Heavy metals Pollution indices GIS spatial interpolation method Anthropogenic pollution

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Priority selection rating of sampling density and interpolation method for detecting the spatial variability of soil organic carbon in China

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ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES 2015年第5期73卷 2287-2297页

作者： Zhang, Zhongqi Yu, Dongsheng Shi, Xuezheng Wang, Ning Zhang, Guangxing Chinese Acad Sci Inst Soil Sci State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr Nanjing 210008 Peoples R China Jiangsu Normal Univ Xuzhou 221116 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

Soil sampling density and spatial interpolation method both have effects on interpreting the spatial variability of regional soil organic carbon (SOC). However, there are few comparisons of the effects between the two factors. Based on three soil sampling designs in Yujiang County, Jiangxi Province of China, the SOC spatial distributions in a specific area, imposed on three grid sampling densities of 2 x 2 km (G (2x2)), 1 x 1 km (G (1x1)), and 0.5 x 0.5 km (G (0.5x0.5)), were predicted via two interpolation methods: Ordinary Kriging (OK) and Kriging combined with land use information (LUK). Prediction accuracies from OK and LUK at three sampling densities were compared on the basis of 65 validation samples in the area. The results demonstrated that the correlation coefficients (r) between the measured and predicted values of validation locations obtained from OK (r = 0.212, 0.491 and 0.512) and LUK (r = 0.602, 0.776 and 0.875) increased with decreased grid size, and the root mean square errors (RMSE) from OK (RMSE = 6.79, 5.33, and 5.19 g kg(-1)) and LUK (RMSE = 4.74, 3.60, and 3.14 g kg(-1)) all decreased as expected with the sampling density increasing from G (2x2) to G (0.5x0.5). The rs from LUK were all higher and RMSEs were all lower than those from OK at three densities, respectively. More interesting, the prediction accuracy of LUK from G (2x2) was not only lower than that of OK at same density, but also lower than those of OK at G (1x1) and G (0.5x0.5). This indicates that LUK can use several times fewer soil samples than OK to predict SOC spatial variability with same accuracy. The conclusion is that the efficient interpolation method not only makes sense to obtain high-precision SOC distribution information, but also can save lots of sampling points and research costs. Therefore, research on efficient interpolation method is a key step and should be paid more attention than increasing sampling points for revealing SOC spatial variability in the hilly red s

关键词： Soil organic carbon (SOC) spatial interpolation method Sampling density SOC spatial variability Red soil hill region of China

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Trends in reference evapotranspiration and their causative factors in the West Liao River basin, China

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AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY 2017年 232卷 106-117页

作者： Gao, Zhendong He, Junshi Dong, Kebao Li, Xiang Shenyang Agr Univ Water Resource Res Inst Coll Water Conservancy Shenyang 110866 Liaoning Provin Peoples R China

In this study the daily reference evapotranspiration (ETref) was estimated through the Penman-Monteith method at 15 meteorological stations in the arid and semi-arid area of the West Liao River basin of China from 1960 to 2012. The characteristics of the seasonal and annual variation and the spatial distribution of ETref through the Cokriging (spherical) interpolation methods were analyzed. The trends of seasonal and annual ETref and meteorological factors were investigated using the Mann-Kendall test after eliminating the effect of significant lag-1 serial correlation by trend-free pre-whitening. Moreover, the major meteorological factors affecting ETref using stepwise regression and partial correlation analysis were investigated. Results showed that: (1) The decreasing degree of ETref at 46.7% stations is larger than the increasing degree of ETref at 53.3% stations, which resulted in the decreasing trends of ETref during the study period. The magnitude of the negative trend in annual average ETref was 0.28 mm yr(-1);(2) a significant overall increase in air temperature, a significant decrease in wind speed, solar radiation, sunshine duration, and relative humidity was observed;(3) ETref was larger for the plain area and gradually decreased toward the surrounding areas. It was smaller for the mountain area. ETref has obvious zonal effect;(4) There was a significant negative correlation between ETref and relative humidity while ETref has a significant positive correlation with other factors (p <0.05). In annual time scale, solar radiation was found to be the most dominant variable influencing ETref, however, in seasonal time scale, average air temperature, maximum air temperature, relative humidity were the most dominant factors in spring, summer and winter, and autumn, respectively. Wind speed was the second most significant factor in all seasons. The results of this study support the conclusion that the evapotranspiration decreases over the West Liao River basin a

关键词： Penman-Monteith method Reference evapotranspiration Changing trend spatial interpolation method West Liao River basin

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