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A practical approach to one-pass 3-D depth migration

Exploration Geophysics 1993年第4期24卷 375-380页

作者： Brzostowski, Matthew Snyder, Fred Smith, Patrick Whiting, Peter Halliburton Energy Services Inc. Australia Halliburton Australia Pty. Limited Australia

Accurate processing of 3-D seismic data sets is essential to meet the objectives of today's explorationist. Migration is a process that is particularly important in 3-D seismic processing. Originally, 3-D migration was performed in two separate 2-D passes but this suffered from the inaccuracies of a constant velocity assumption. The splitting algorithm is now a popular one-pass approach to 3-D migration. One-pass migration algorithms avoid the assumption of constant velocities and more correctly position the seismic energy. A more flexible approach to one-pass 3-D migration is known as K_y partitioning. This algorithm allows for a choice of currently available 2-D migrations to be used to perform an accurate one-pass 3-D migration. The K_y partitioning approach is also more efficient. When lateral variations in velocity become significant, a depth migration algorithm will more accurately image the data than the standard time migration algorithm. The splitting algorithm is converted into a depth migration by including the thin lens term. For the K_y partitioning algorithm this is achieved by the use of dilation. Dilation consists of small dynamic time shifts applied to the 3-D data before migration to compensate for the existence of lateral velocity variations. Application of both splitting and K_y-dilation one-pass 3-D migration algorithms to a synthetic data set show that the proposed dilation factors can produce sharp migrated images in the presence of lateral velocity variations. In this case the K_y-dilation results exhibit superior clarity compared with the image obtained from the splitting approach. The extra flexibility of the K_y-dilation approach allowed the use of a high-dip time migration algorithm which avoided the frequency dispersion effects that degrade the image of the finite-difference splitting migration. An improved image has been obtained for less computational effort. © ASEG 1993.

关键词： 3-D migration Dilation Ky partitioning One-pass migration Reflection seismic splitting algorithm

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