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IEEE International Workshop on Imaging Systems and Techniques

作者： Ma Xing Chen Hexin Zhao Yan Jilin Univ Coll Commun Engn New Commun Tech Key Lab Changchun 130023 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424434824

This paper presents a stereo image coding method. We first use a new stereo matching method with difference-based adaptive searching windows to get the fine disparity. Then, we encode the disparity instead of one channel of the stereo image while the other channel is encoded normally. The srereo matching employs the continuity of difference of stereo images to compute the size of adaptive searching windows, which is superor to the approaches based on fixed searching windows. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can provide better performance for stereo image coding.

关键词： stereo image coding occlusion textureless adaptive searching windows

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stereo image coding with Histogram Pair Based Reversible Data Hiding 13th

Stereo Image Coding with Histogram Pair Based Reversible Dat...

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13th International Workshop on Digital-Forensics and Watermarking (IWDW)

作者： Tong, Xuefeng Shen, Guangce Xuan, Guorong Li, Shumeng Yang, Zhiqiang Li, Jian Shi, Yun-Qing Tongji Univ Dept Comp Sci Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China New Jersey Inst Technol ECE Newark NJ 07102 USA Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Coll Comp Sci Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319193212;9783319193205

This paper presents a stereo image coding method using reversible data hiding technique so that the right frame can be recovered losslessly and the left frame can be reconstructed with high visual quality. Utilizing the similarity between two frames in a stereo image pair the required size of storage and transmission bandwidth for the stereo image pair can be reduced to 50 %. A residual error matrix with a dynamic range of [-255, 255] is obtained by applying a frame-wise disparity algorithm which first shifts the left frame horizontally by a certain amount and then computes its difference to the right frame. Next, thus the generated residual error image with gray levels [0, 255] is obtained losslessly by a proposed labeling scheme. JPEG2000 lossy compression is then applied to the residual error image. The histogram-pair based reversible data hiding scheme is then utilized to embed the JPEG2000 lossy compressed data into the right frame. Compared with the prior art, which uses a block-based disparity estimation algorithm and a location map based reversible data hiding, the proposed method has demonstrated that the stereo image can be reconstructed with higher visual quality and with faster processing speed. Specifically, the experiments have demonstrated that both the PSNR and visual quality of the reconstructed stereo image pair are higher than those achieved by the prior arts.

关键词： stereo image coding Histogram-pair based image reversible data hiding Frame-wise algorithm Labeling scheme

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Optimal blockwise dependent quantization for stereo image coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 1999年第6期9卷 861-867页

作者： Woo, W Ortega, A Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Syst Integrated Med Syst Ctr Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

Research in coding of stereo images has focused mostly on the issue of disparity estimation to exploit the redundancy between the two images in a stereo pair, with less attention being devoted to the equally important problem of allocating bits between the two images. This bit-allocation problem is complicated by the dependencies arising from using a prediction based on the quantized reference images. In this paper, we address the problem of blockwise bit allocation for coding of stereo images and show how, given the special characteristics of the disparity field, one can achieve an optimal solution with reasonable complexity, whereas in similar problems in motion-compensated video only approximate solutions are feasible. We present algorithms based on dynamic programming that provide the optimal blockwise bit allocation. Our experiments based on a modified JPEG coder show that the proposed scheme achieves higher mean peak signal-to-noise ratio over the two frames (0.2-0.5 dB improvements) as compared with blockwise independent quantization, We also propose a fast algorithm that provides most of the gain at a fraction of the complexity.

关键词： blockwise quantization dependent bit allocation stereo image coding Viterbi algorithm

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Joint rate-distortion optimization of discrete cosine transform coefficient quantization and disparity field estimation for stereo image coding

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2002年第8期41卷 2008-2021页

作者： Kang, DG Park, RH Sogang Univ Dept Elect Engn Seoul 100611 South Korea

Disparity-compensated residual coding (DCRC) is the most popular approach to stereo image coding because of its simplicity and good performance. Researches on DCRC have investigated two main topics: quantization of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients and disparity field estimation and compensation. It is shown that quantization problems can be optimized in a rate-distortion (RD) sense under the fixed-disparity constraint and that the RD-optimized disparity field can be obtained under the fixed-quantizer constraint. This paper proposes a technique that jointly optimizes DCT coefficient quantization and disparity field estimation using the three-dimensional Viterbi algorithm with respect to the RD theory under three constraints: epipolar constraint, interblock disparity constraint, and intrablock disparity constraint. The proposed algorithm reduces not only the bit rate of the disparity map but also that of DCT coefficients, leading to performance improvement. Also, it overcomes shortcomings of conventional methods and is well applied to the narrow-angle stereo camera systems. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown via computer simulations. (C) 2002 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

关键词： stereo image coding quantization DCT coefficient disparity field estimation rate-distortion optimization 3-D trellis 3-D Viterbi algorithm Lagrange multiplier

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Recurrent pattern matching based stereo image coding using linear predictors

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MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2017年第4期28卷 1393-1416页

作者： Lucas, Luis F. R. Rodrigues, Nuno M. M. Pagliari, Carla L. da Silva, Eduardo A. B. de Faria, Sergio M. M. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro PEE COPPE DEL Poli BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro Brazil Inst Telecomunicacoes P-2411901 Leiria Portugal ESTG Inst Politecn Leiria P-2411901 Leiria Portugal Inst Mil Engn DEE BR-22290270 Rio De Janeiro Brazil

The Multidimensional Multiscale Parser (MMP) is a pattern-matching-based generic image encoding solution which has been investigated earlier for the compression of stereo images with successful results. While first MMP-based proposals for stereo image coding employed dictionary-based techniques for disparity compensation, posterior developments have demonstrated the advantage of using predictive methods. In this paper, we focus on recent investigations on the use of predictive methods in the MMP algorithm and propose a new prediction framework for efficient stereo image coding. This framework comprises an advanced intra directional prediction model and a new linear predictive scheme for efficient disparity compensation. The linear prediction model is the main novelty of this work, combining adaptive linear models estimated by least-squares algorithm with fixed linear models provided by the block-matching algorithm. The performance of the proposed intra prediction and disparity compensation methods when applied in an MMP encoder has been evaluated experimentally. Comparisons with the current stereo image coding standards showed that the proposed MMP algorithm significantly outperforms the stereo High Profile of H.264/AVC standard. In addition, it presents a competitive performance relative to the MV-HEVC standard. These results also suggest that current stereo image coding standards may benefit from the proposed linear prediction scheme for disparity compensation, as an extension to the omnipresent block-matching solution.

关键词： stereo image coding Pattern matching Disparity compensation Linear prediction Least-squares prediction Block matching algorithm

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Level-by-Level Adaptive Disparity Compensated Prediction in Wavelet Domain for stereo image coding 18th

Level-by-Level Adaptive Disparity Compensated Prediction in ...

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18th International Conference on image Analysis and Processing (ICIAP)

作者： Li, Shigao Jia, Liming Wuhan Polytech Univ Sch Math & Comp Sci Wuhan 430023 Hubei Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319232348;9783319232331

Disparity compensation prediction and transform coding are incorporated into a hybrid coding to reduce the bit-rate of multi-view images. However, aliasing and inaccurate displacement impair the performance of disparity compensation, especially in wavelet domain. In this paper, we propose a level-by-level adaptive disparity compensated prediction scheme for scalable stereo image coding. To get spatial scalable feature, wavelet transform is first applied to the target image of a stereo image pair. A separable 2-D filter applied to the reference image is optimized for each resolution layer by minimizing the energy of the prediction high-bands of the target image. To form a multi-resolution representation, similar processes are then applied to the low-band image pairs generated by the prior resolution layer iteratively. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can provide significant coding gain compared to other scalable coding scheme.

关键词： Disparity compensation image compression stereo image coding Wavelet image coding

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Dependent quantization for stereo image coding

Dependent quantization for stereo image coding

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Visual Communications and image Processing 1998 Conference

作者： Woo, W Ortega, A Univ So Calif Dept Elect Syst Engn Integrated Media Syst Ctr Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427497

In this paper, we address the problem of optimal bit allocation for stereo images. Conventional rate-distortion (RD) based methods have mainly concentrated on minimizing total distortion within a given bit budget by independently encoding each image. However, stereo image coding, like video coding, requires a dependent bit allocation framework to further improve encoding performance because binocular and spatial dependencies are introduced by the disparity estimation and differential pulse coded modulation (DPCM) of the disparity vector field. We first formulate the dependent bit allocation problem for stereo image coding and extend it to blockwise dependent bit allocation. We then focus on tile blockwise dependent quantization because using open-loop disparity estimation decouples the dependent bit allocation problem into two independent problems;disparity estimation and dependent quantization. The encoding complexity and delay in the dependent quantization framework can be significantly reduced Ly exploiting the unidirectional binocular dependency. An optimal set of quantizers can be selected using the Viterbi algorithm. For a given three quantization scales, the proposed scheme provides higher PSNR, about 3dB compared to JPEG without disparity compensation and 0.5dB compared to optimal independent blockwise quantization with disparity compensation. The proposed scheme can help develop a fast and efficient Lit allocation strategy, be a benchmark of practical rate control schemes or be used in asymmetric applications, which may involve offline encoding, such as CD-ROM, DVD, video-on-demand, etc.

关键词： stereo image coding dependent bit allocation blockwise quantization Viterbi algorithm

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PSEUDO DISPARITY BASED stereo image coding

PSEUDO DISPARITY BASED STEREO IMAGE CODING

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15th IEEE International Conference on image Processing (ICIP 2008)

作者： Yu, Xiaoyan Rong, Xianwei Harbin Normal Univ Dept Phys & Elect Engn Harbin 150080 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424417650

This paper presents an efficient disparity estimation-based scheme for stereo image coding. This scheme makes use of a pseudo-disparity image instead of a true (estimated) disparity map to reconstruct the target image. Moreover, a block-partition approach is utilized, to improve the reconstructed image quality of object edges. The major feature of this scheme is that not only its computational load is decreased drastically for calculating the disparity vectors compared to true disparity estimation (DE) and disparity compensation (DC)-based algorithm, but also, its reconstructed image quality is better than true DE/DC-based algorithm. Furthermore, in the proposed scheme, a reference image is compressed by lossy JPEG2000, while a pseudo disparity image is encoded by a lossless way for good reconstruction of the target image. The simulation results show that the PSNR is better than true DE/DC-based algorithm at the identical bit rate.

关键词： pseudo disparity stereo image coding JPEG2000 disparity estimation and disparity compensation

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BINOCULAR JND MODEL BASED stereo image coding

BINOCULAR JND MODEL BASED STEREO IMAGE CODING

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Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA)

作者： Chang, Chuan Chiang, Jui-Chiu Lie, Wen-Nung Wu, Tzu-Chan Natl Chung Cheng Univ Adv Inst Mfg High Tech Innovat Dept Elect Engn Chiayi 621 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789881476821

3D image/video applications attract lots of attention these days. Due to increased data amount compared to 2D image/video, many researches try to well compress 3D data by removing the inter-view redundancy between different views. In general, only interpixel redundancy is exploited, not psychovisual redundancy. Currently, binocular just noticeable difference (BJND) model is proposed to measure the perceptible distortion of binocular vision for stereoscopic image. In this paper, in addition to the inter-view redundancy, the psychovisual redundancy is also removed by taking the binocular visual characteristics into consideration during the encoding of stereo images. Experimental results show that the proposed coding scheme achieves up to 20% bitrate reduction, compared to the conventional stereo image coding scheme, while providing comparable stereoscopic visual perception.

关键词： stereo image coding binocular JND JND

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A novel stereo image coding algorithm based on delaunay triangulation mesh

A novel stereo image coding algorithm based on delaunay tria...

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Conference on Visual Communications and image Processing 2004

作者： Han, JG Lu, ZY Xidian Univ Sch Telecommun Engn ISN Natl Key Lab Shaanxi 710071 Xian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819452114

stereo image compression is of growing interest because of new display technologies and the needs of telepresence systems. A variety of algorithms have appeared in the literature that make use of the framework of block-based disparity estimation and disparity-compensated residual coding. which is similar to the monoscopic image framework. So that it has several drawbacks, for example, blocking artifacts. In this paper, a novel adaptive DT mesh based stereoscopic image coding algorithm is proposed. The algorithm makes use of adaptive DT mesh to estimate disparity vectors, and EZDCT based residual image coding. The algorithm is performed in three steps: adaptive DT description for the reference image. disparity, vector estimation based mesh and simple occluded regions detection, and disparity vector and residual image coding. Much of this work concentrates on improving the veracity of disparity estimation using DT mesh model and encoding the residual image appropriately. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves higher veracity of disparity estimation at least 10%, as compared to conventional algorithms. And compared with conventional compression algorithms, the algorithm improves average PSNR about 1 db. Especially at low bit rates, this algorithm achieves better perceptual quality of decoded image. as compared to a block-based coding scheme.

关键词： stereo image coding DT mesh disparity estimation residual image coding

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