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structure-function relationship between galactomannans and their effects on freeze-thaw stability, retrogradation, and texture of corn starch gels during cold storage

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FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023年 398卷 133915页

作者： Xie, Fan Yuan, Chunmei Zhang, Hui Wu, Yan Ai, Lianzhong Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Hlth Sci & Engn Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Food Microbiol Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Yunnan Maodouli Grp Food Co Ltd Yuxi 653100 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Agr & Biol Dept Food Sci Technol 800 Dongchuan Rd Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

In this study, structural characteristics of Fenugreek (FG), Guar (GG), Locust bean (LBG), and Tara gums (TG) and their influence on physicochemical properties of corn starch (CS) gels were investigated. Results showed that FG presented a rigid rod structure, and GG, LBG, and TG showed an extended structure. The Mannose/Galactose (Man/Gal) ratio of FG, GG, LBG, and TG was 1.37, 1.96, 2.99, and 3.46, respectively. The molecular weight (M-w) of FG, GG, LBG, and TG was 0.89 x 10(6), 2.71 x 10(6), 3.61 x 10(6), and 2.77 x 10(6) Da, respectively. The structure-function relationship indicated that galactomannans with a high Man/Gal ratio and extended structure presented a higher apparent viscosity, formed gel more easily, and could limit retrogradation and improve freeze-thaw stability and textural profile of CS gels. Consequently, the results could be beneficial for the application of galactomannans in starch-based foods to improve their sensory characteristics and storage quality.

关键词： Galactomannans Freeze-thaw stability Retrogradation Texture structure-function relationship

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structure-function relationship between magnetic resonance imaging lesion areas and visual field defects in initial optic neuritis with altitudinal hemianopsia

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JAPANESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023年第5期67卷 618-627页

作者： Ochi, Hirotaka Kurimoto, Takuji Yamagami, Akiko Goto, Katsutoshi Miki, Atsushi Kawai, Manami Ishikawa, Hitoshi Matsuzaki, Mitsuhiro Kondo, Miho Mochizuki, Yoshihito Kimura, Akiko Maekubo, Tomoyuki Chuman, Hideki Ueki, Satoshi Nakamura, Makoto Kobe Univ Dept Surg Div Ophthalmol Grad Sch Med 7 5 1 Kusunoki choChuo ku Kobe 6500017 Japan Inouye Eye Hosp Tokyo Japan Kawasaki Med Sch Dept Ophthalmol Kurashiki Japan Kitasato Univ Sch Med Dept Ophthalmol Sagamihara Japan Kitasato Univ Dept Orthopt & Visual Sci Sch Allied Hlth Sci Sagamihara Japan Kobe City Eye Hosp Kobe Japan Kobe City Med Ctr Gen Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Kobe Japan Hyogo Med Univ Dept Ophthalmol Nishinomiya Japan Miyake Eye Clin Hosp Nagoya Japan Univ Miyazaki Fac Med Dept Ophthalmol Miyazaki Japan Niigata Univ Grad Sch Med & Dent Sci Div Ophthalmol & Visual Sci Niigata Japan

PurposeTo study the spatial association of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement (CE) areas with visual field defect (VFD) asymmetry in initial cases of optic neuritis (ON) with altitudinal hemianopsia (AH) with reference to nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) with *** designMulticenter, cross-sectional *** present study comprised 19 ON patients and 20 NAION patients with AH who underwent orbital contrast fat-suppressed MRI. The signal-to-intensity ratio (SIR) was calculated by dividing the maximum CE of the optic nerve by the mean CE of the cerebral white matter in 11 coronal sections at 3-mm intervals from immediately posterior to the eyeball to the optic chiasm. Sections in ON patients with an SIR exceeding the mean plus 2 standard deviations of the SIR at the corresponding section in the NAION group were considered abnormal. The correlation between upper-to-lower CE asymmetry in the maximum SIR section and VFD counterpart was *** ON group had significantly higher maximum SIR than that of the NAION group (1.77 & PLUSMN;0.88 vs. 1.25 & PLUSMN;0.32;P < .01). Seven of the 19 patients had sections with abnormally high CE extending posteriorly beyond the orbital apex. Significant spatial correspondence was observed between CE and VFD asymmetry (r(s) = 0.563;P = .015) in the ON group but not in the NAION group (r(s) = - 0. 048;P = .850).ConclusionsON patients with AH frequently show CE even in the intracerebral optic nerve, maintaining a moderate structure-function correspondence.

关键词： Altitudinal hemianopsia Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy Optic neuritis structure-function relationship

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structure-function relationship between soluble epoxide hydrolases structure and their tunnel network

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COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022年 20卷 193-205页

作者： Mitusinska, Karolina Wojsa, Piotr Bzowka, Maria Raczynska, Agata Bagrowska, Weronika Samol, Aleksandra Kapica, Patryk Gora, Artur Silesian Tech Univ Biotechnol Ctr Tunneling Grp Gliwice Poland

Enzymes with buried active sites maintain their catalytic function via a single tunnel or tunnel network. In this study we analyzed the functionality of soluble epoxide hydrolases (sEHs) tunnel network, by com-paring the overall enzyme structure with the tunnel's shape and size. sEHs were divided into three groups based on their structure and the tunnel usage. The obtained results were compared with known substrate preferences of the studied enzymes, as well as reported in our other work evolutionary analyses data. The tunnel network architecture corresponded well with the evolutionary lineage of the source organism and large differences between enzymes were observed from long fragments insertions. This strategy can be used during protein re-engineering process for large changes introduction, whereas tunnel modification can be applied for fine-tuning of enzyme.(c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Soluble epoxide hydrolases structure-function relationship Tunnel network Protein engineering

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structure-function relationship of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract-xanthan/guar gum mixture in a high sugar content system

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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022年第3期102卷 1056-1065页

作者： Mardani, Marieh Yeganehzad, Samira Niazmand, Razieh Res Inst Food Sci & Technol RIFST Dept Food Proc Mashhad *** Razavi Khorasan Iran Res Inst Food Sci & Technol RIFST Dept Food Chem Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran

BACKGROUND Foam-gels are one of the most important multicomponent-model systems in aerated confectionery, and an investigation of their microstructure is desirable. In this research, the structure-function relationship of xanthan gum/guar gum (XG/GG) and licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract powder (LEP) was investigated in a high-sugar medium. Foam-gel systems were prepared at 4:10% to 8:20% ratios of LEP to biopolymer. RESULTS The results show that increasing the LEP content reduced both the melting point and enthalpy, probably due to higher overrun and weaker junctions. Boosting the XG/GG ratio led the enhancement of mechanical properties, whereas increasing the LEP concentration weakened all textural parameters, which could be due to the poor structure of the network in the presence of the foaming agent, increased moisture content and overrun. In the whipped mixture samples containing 10 g kg(-1) XG/GG, higher foaming capacity was observed. By increasing the level of biopolymers, smaller and more uniform air cells were formed according to a scanning electron microscopical study. At higher concentration of LEP, smaller bubbles and increased porosity were seen, which could be attributed to the availability of surfactant in the interfacial layer. CONCLUSION Maximum structural strength was achieved at a 4:20 ratio of LEP to XG/GG. In rheological experiments, pseudoplastic behavior was seen in all samples. Generally, this model system can be simulated for other herbal extracts containing natural surfactants such as saponins. Achieving a more detailed understanding of these structures and their interactions could help in formulating novel food products. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

关键词： foam-gel structure-function relationship licorice root extract xanthan guar microstructure rheological behavior

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The art and science of porous starch: understanding the preparation method and structure-function relationship

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CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION 2025年第15期65卷 2880-2897页

作者： Kavya, Mohan Krishnan, Reshma Suvachan, Abhijith Sathyan, Sannya Tozuka, Yuichi Kadota, Kazunori Nisha, P. CSIR Natl Inst Interdisciplinary Sci & Technol Agro Proc & Technol Div Trivandrum India Acad Sci & Innovat Res AcSIR Ghaziabad India Osaka Med & Pharmaceut Univ Fac Pharm Takatsuki Osaka Japan Wakayama Med Univ Sch Pharmaceut Sci Wakayama Japan

Porous starch (PS), a modified form of starch with unique properties, is attracting substantial attention for its diverse advantages and applications. Its intricate porous structure, crystalline and amorphous characteristics, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties stem from pore formation via physical, chemical, enzymatic, and combined synergistic methods. Porous starch offers benefits like improved gelatinization temperature, water absorption, increased surface area, tunable crystallinity, and enhanced functional properties, making it appealing for diverse food industry applications. To optimize its properties, determining the parameters governing porous structure formation is crucial. Factors such as processing conditions, starch source, and modification methods substantially impact porosity and the overall characteristics of the material. Understanding and controlling these parameters allows customization for specific applications, from pharmaceutical drug delivery systems to enhancing texture and moisture retention in food products. To date, studies shedding light on how porosity formation can be fine-tuned for specific applications are fewer. This review critically assesses the existing reports on porous starch, focusing on how preparation methods affect porosity formation, thereby influencing the product's crystallinity/hydrophilic-hydrophobic nature and overall applicability.

关键词： Amylose amylopectin crystallinity gelatinization structure-function relationship

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Enzyme-assisted extraction of proteins from radish leaf and their structure-function relationship in stabilizing high internal phase emulsions compared to soy protein and whey protein

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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS 2025年 168卷

作者： Wang, Hang Meng, Fanjun Zhao, Yinghan Liu, Yang Chen, Jian Liu, Xiao Jiangnan Univ Sci Ctr Future Foods Wuxi 214122 Peoples R China Jiaxing Inst Future Food Jiaxing 314000 Peoples R China Jiangnan Univ Minist Engn Minist Educ Food Synthet Biotechnol Res CtrEngn Res Ctr Wuxi 214122 Peoples R China Jiangnan Univ Sch Biotechnol Wuxi 214122 Peoples R China

Green leaves are a rich protein source, but their robust cell walls limit practical applications. Enzyme-assisted extraction effectively addresses this challenge. This study investigated the effects of Cellulase, Alcalase, Shearzyme, and Hemicellulase on radish leaf protein concentrates (RLPCs) extraction and their structure-function relationship in forming high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), compared with soy protein isolates (SPI) and whey protein isolates (WPI). Enzyme treatments boosted protein yield by 163.32 similar to 208.59%, with Xylanase achieving the highest recovery, and increased protein content by 17.21 similar to 33.90%, peaking at 78.52% with Cellulase. RLPCs showed higher solubility than SPI and lower interfacial tension than WPI. Hemicellulase treatment produced RLPC with a more proportion of RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) small subunits, resulting in HIPE with smaller droplets, tighter packing, and greater stability, whereas Alcalase-treated protein failed to form a stable HIPE. Rheological analysis revealed shear-thinning behavior and weak frequency dependence in HIPEs, with Hemicellulase HIPE showing the highest critical strain, indicating superior deformation resistance. These findings demonstrate how enzyme selection optimizes protein functionality for HIPE stabilization, highlighting radish leaf proteins' potential as sustainable ingredients while providing extraction and application insights.

关键词： Radish leaf protein Enzyme-assisted extraction RuBisCO High internal phase emulsion Rheological properties structure-function relationship

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A within-subject voxel-wise constant-block partial least squares correlation method to explore MRI-based brain structure-function relationship

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COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS 2024年第3期18卷 813-827页

作者： Zhao, Xiaoyu Chen, Kewei Wang, Hailing Gao, Yufei Ji, Xiangmin Li, Yanping Ordos Inst Technol Dept Informat Engn Ordos Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing Peoples R China Banner Alzheimers Inst Phoenix AZ 85718 USA Univ Arizona Coll Med Phoenix Dept Neurol Tucson AZ 85721 USA Arizona State Univ Sch Math Tempe AZ 85281 USA Shanghai Univ Engn Sci Sch Elect & Elect Engn Shanghai Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Software Zhengzhou Peoples R China Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol Sch Informat Engn Baotou Peoples R China

The brain structure-function relationship is crucial to how the human brain works under normal or diseased conditions. Exploring such a relationship is challenging when using the 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functional dataset which is temporal dynamic and the structural MRI which is static. Partial Least Squares Correlation (PLSC) is one of the classical methods for exploring the joint spatial and temporal relationship. The goal of PLSC is to identify covarying patterns via linear voxel-wise combinations in each of the structural and functional data sets to maximize the covariance. However, existing PLSC cannot adequately deal with the unmatched temporal dimensions between structural and functional data sets. We proposed a new alternative variant of the PLSC, termed within-subject, voxel-wise, and constant-block PLSC, to address this problem. To validate our method, we used two data sets with weak and strong relationships in simulated data. Additionally, the analysis of real brain data was carried out based on gray matter volume hubs derived from sMRI and whole-brain voxel-wise measures from resting-state fMRI for aging effect based on healthy subjects aged 16-85 years. Our results showed that our constant-block PLSC can detect weak structure-function relationships and has better robustness to noise. In fact, it adequately unearthed the true simulated number of significant and more accurate latent variables for the simulated data and more meaningful LVs for the real data, with covariance improvement from 16.19 to 41.48% (simulated) and 13.29-53.68% (real data), respectively. More interestingly in the real data analysis, our method identified simultaneously the well-known brain networks such as the default mode, sensorimotor, auditory, and dorsal attention networks both functionally and structurally, implying the hubs we derived from gray matter volumes are the basis of brain function, supporting diverse functions. Constant-block PLSC is a feasible

关键词： Covariance structure-function network functional magnetic resonance imaging Partial least squares correlation Structural magnetic resonance imaging structure-function relationship

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structure-function relationship of p-Block Bismuth for Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

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ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION 2024年第33期63卷 e202407287-e202407287页

作者： Li, Jingwei Xiang, Tianci Liu, Xiang Ghazzal, Mohamed Nawfal Liu, Zhao-Qing Guangzhou Univ Sch Chem & Chem EngnInst Clean Energy & Mat Guangzhou Higher Educ Mega CtrMinist Educ Guangzhou Key Lab Clean Energy & MatKey Lab Water 230 Wai Huan Xi Rd Guangzhou 510006 Peoples R China Univ Paris Saclay Inst Chim Phys UMR 8000 CNRS F-91405 Orsay France Beijing Univ Technol Beijing Key Lab Green Catalysis & Separat Key Lab Beijing Reg Air Pollut Control Beijing 100124 Peoples R China

Selective photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to value-added fuels, such as CH4, is highly desirable due to its high mass-energy density. Nevertheless, achieving selective CH4 with higher production yield on p-block materials is hindered by non-ideal adsorption of *CHO key intermediate and an unclear structure-function relationship. Herein, we unlock the key reaction steps of CO2 and found a volcano-type structure-function relationship for photocatalytic CO2-to-CH4 conversion by gradual reduction of the p-band center of the p-block Bi element leading to formation of Bi-oxygen vacancy heterosites. The selectivity of CH4 is also positive correlation with adsorption energy of *CHO. The Bi-oxygen vacancy heterosites with an appropriate filled Bi-6p orbital electrons and p band center (-0.64) enhance the coupling between C-2p of *CHO and Bi-6p orbitals, thereby resulting in high selectivity (95.2 %) and productivity (17.4 mu mol g(-1) h(-1)) towards CH4. Further studies indicate that the synergistic effect between Bi-oxygen vacancy heterosites reduces Gibbs free energy for *CO-*CHO process, activates the C-H and C=O bonds of *CHO, and facilitates the enrichment of photoexcited electrons at active sites for multielectron photocatalytic CO2-to-CH4 conversion. This work provides a new perspective on developing p-block elements for selective photocatalytic CO2 conversion.

关键词： photocatalytic CO2 reduction P-block bismuth key intermediate structure-function relationship CH4 selectivity

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Impact of missense mutations on the structure-function relationship of human succinyl-CoA synthetase using in silico analysis

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MITOCHONDRION 2025年 80卷 101978页

作者： Elabed, Selma Fersi, Olfa Alila Tlili, Abdelaziz Fendri, Ahmed Fakhfakh, Faiza Univ Sfax Fac Sci Lab Mol & Funct Genet Route Soukra Km 3 Sfax Tunisia Univ Sfax Engn Natl Sch Sfax ENIS Lab Biochem & Enzymat Engn Lipases Sfax Tunisia Univ Sharjah Coll Sci Dept Appl Biol Sharjah U Arab Emirates

The encephalomyopathic mtDNA depletion syndrome with methylmalonic aciduria is associated with succinylCoA synthetase (SCS) deficiency caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding its two subunits. SCS is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in several metabolic pathways and acts as a heterodimer composed of alpha and (3 subunits encoded by SUCLG1 and SUCLA2 genes, respectively. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the most pathogenic non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) by applying, using different prediction tools, a filtering strategy, on the 343 and 365 nsSNPs found in SUCLG1 and SUCLA2 genes, respectively, retrieved from the databases, then to evaluate their structural and functional effects using homology modeling and molecular docking. Results showed that most deleterious mutations selected for structural analysis were located in loop regions critical for protein stability and function, especially, variants altering glycine and proline residues in these regions supporting their importance. We also showed that variants leading to hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues can destabilize the folding and binding of the protein. Molecular docking has also been used to identify the most important regions of ligand binding site (CoA binding site, ADP-Mg2+ binding site and phosphate ion binding site) and between the two subunits themselves, which mainly involving the ligase CoA domain. Our structural analysis, performed on selected nsSNP, are in accordance with experimental studies reported in the literature and predicted that they would responsible to either nonfunctional protein, subunit instability resulting in reduced amounts of misassembled protein, or in a protein unable to phosphorylate ADP.

关键词： Succinyl-CoA synthetase ADP dependent Missense SNPs Homology modeling Docking structure-function relationship

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structure-function relationship study for sulfated protein therapeutics using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and mass spectrometry

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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES 2024年 1233卷 123981页

作者： Luo, Hao Mahon, David Wong, Patrick Madayiputhiya, Nandakumar Chen, Yingchen Stauffer, Tara Tao, Li Zeng, Ming Bristol Myers Squibb Biol Dev Global Prod Dev & Supply Pennington NJ 08534 USA

Protein tyrosine sulfation is a post-translational modification (PTM) that is rarely reported in recombinant therapeutic proteins. However, when sulfation does occur, the additional negative charge from the modification can influence intermolecular interactions and antigen-binding activity, making it a critical quality attribute that necessitates stringent control. In this study, we developed a unique hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) method for the separation and quantification of a therapeutic bispecific antibody with varying degrees of sulfation. Despite the increased surface hydrophilicity of sulfated species, the HIC method provides enhanced retention. Baseline resolution was attained based on the degree of sulfation, independent of other PTMs such as C-terminal amidation and forced deamidation. Further structure-function relationship studies of enriched sulfated bispecific antibody species were conducted using mass spectrometry and fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA). These studies revealed that the tyrosine sulfation modification, which occurs in the complementarity-determining region (CDR), is a critical quality attribute and can adversely impact the antibody's binding to its cognate antigen. The evaluation of sulfation assay using HIC method confirmed it is an effective means for controlling this critical quality attribute.

关键词： Protein tyrosine sulfation Hydrophobic interaction chromatography structure-function relationship Mass Spectrometry

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