The deployment of long-term evolution systems in an unauthorized spectrum provided a credible solution to manage accelerating network data traffic. Meanwhile, the distribution of spectrum on unlicensed bands creates s...
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The deployment of long-term evolution systems in an unauthorized spectrum provided a credible solution to manage accelerating network data traffic. Meanwhile, the distribution of spectrum on unlicensed bands creates severe interaction issues. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel listen-and-talk-based MAC (LAT-MAC) protocol to enhance secondary users' (SUs') access performance by implementing a full-duplex mechanism. The application of full-duplex methods efficiently neglects collision and improves spectrum utilization of unlicensed bands. For cognitive radio networks, utilizing these benefits of a full duplex, the proposed LAT-MAC protocol simultaneously executes transmission processes and spectrum sensing. The cognitive network users sense spectrum utilizing energy detectors. For enhanced energy detection, the type 2 fuzzy cooperative spectrum sensing (T2FCSS) technique is implemented. Moreover, to attain enhanced spectrum sensing performances with the negligence of power-throughput tradeoff and self-interference, the switching algorithm-based cognitive radio network (SA-CRN) is employed. The performances of the proposed protocol are analyzed using different metrics, and evaluation results illustrate that it achieves enhanced performance compared with existing techniques.
In realistic sound scenarios, cutting-edge active noise control (ANC) systems still suffer critical instabilities since these systems works under impulsive noise signals. To decrease the negative impact of this noise,...
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In realistic sound scenarios, cutting-edge active noise control (ANC) systems still suffer critical instabilities since these systems works under impulsive noise signals. To decrease the negative impact of this noise, several authors have made extraordinary efforts to develop efficient algorithms in terms of convergence speed and misadjustment. However, these algorithms still exhibits limited convergence capabilities. In this letter, we present for the first time, the development of a switching algorithm based on the maximum versoria criterion (MVC) algorithm. Our results demonstrate that the proposed switching algorithm exhibits good convergence properties while maintaining a lower-computational cost when compared with existing algorithms.
This paper configures a successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on a new switching algorithm with efficient energy consumption. The proposed switching algorithm applies the same...
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This paper configures a successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on a new switching algorithm with efficient energy consumption. The proposed switching algorithm applies the same reference voltage to the bottom plates of all capacitors in each capacitor array to drain no energy through capacitors. In addition to a 100% energy saving in the switched-capacitor digital-to-analog converter (DAC) block, configuration of an N-bit SAR ADC shows a 50% capacitor area reduction in comparison with the conventional SAR ADC.
In this letter, an ultra-low-power capacitor-splitting switching algorithm for successive approximation register analog-to-digital converters is proposed. To achieve low power, the first three bit cycles consume no po...
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In this letter, an ultra-low-power capacitor-splitting switching algorithm for successive approximation register analog-to-digital converters is proposed. To achieve low power, the first three bit cycles consume no power from the reference by introducing minus energy during the third bit cycle and proper switching algorithm. To further reduce the switching energy, only single-side capacitors are switched from the forth bit cycle. Besides, to add one bit, the dummy capacitor is realized by four unit capacitors and switched to generate the least significant bit. Compared to the Sanyal and Sun switching technique, the proposed capacitor switching method achieves 94.19% energy saving and 47.66% capacitor area reduction.
The multi-objective optimal control design usually generates hundreds or thousands of Pareto optimal solutions. How to assist a user to select an appropriate controller to implement is a postprocessing issue. In this ...
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The multi-objective optimal control design usually generates hundreds or thousands of Pareto optimal solutions. How to assist a user to select an appropriate controller to implement is a postprocessing issue. In this paper, we develop a method of cluster analysis of the Pareto optimal designs to discover the similarity of the optimal controllers. After we identify the clusters of optimal controllers, we develop a switching strategy to select controls from different clusters to improve the performance. Numerical and experimental results show that the switching control algorithm is quite promising.
The omnipresent problem of traffic congestion in cities, even those well equipped with traffic lights and cameras, causes daily trouble to one person or another. In this research paper, we have created a better traffi...
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This paper proposes a hybrid precoder based on low-cost and high-energy-efficient analog components. The considered hardware architecture requires switches and inverters instead of phase shifters, which significantly ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350323214
This paper proposes a hybrid precoder based on low-cost and high-energy-efficient analog components. The considered hardware architecture requires switches and inverters instead of phase shifters, which significantly reduces the freedom degrees for the analog signal processing in the compensation for reducing the manufacturing cost and power consumption. Since the hardware architecture is based on switches, the proposed analog beamformer performs an effective and low computational complexity switching algorithm, which aims to maximize the system's sum rate. On the other hand, the proposed baseband beamformer performs a twofold procedure that eliminates the inter-user interference and increases the signal-to-noise ratio, further increasing the systems' sum rate. Simulation results show that although the freedom degrees to generate the analog beamformer are low, the proposed method overcomes hybrid precoders with phase shifters of up to 3 bits resolution in terms of BER, sum-rate, and energy efficiency.
Previous mode switching algorithms for heat exchanger moving boundary models in the literature are composed of a set of IF-THEN rules. These representations could lead to numerical challenges due to the inherited disc...
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Previous mode switching algorithms for heat exchanger moving boundary models in the literature are composed of a set of IF-THEN rules. These representations could lead to numerical challenges due to the inherited discontinuities associated with IF-THEN rules. This paper presents an alternative mode switching methodology which results in a continuous moving boundary heat exchanger model over all possible mode changes. Numerical performance of the proposed method for a heat exchanger has been tested using simulations and sample results are compared with a moving boundary model with switching based on IF-THEN rules and also a finite-volume method. The proposed switching algorithm was implemented within a complete vapor compression cycle model and results were compared with experimental data for a start-up transient. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Power system disruptions can be categorized as issues with the quality of electricity brought on by voltage sags, lightning strikes, and other system-related interferences. The static transfer switch (STS) has recentl...
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Power system disruptions can be categorized as issues with the quality of electricity brought on by voltage sags, lightning strikes, and other system-related interferences. The static transfer switch (STS) has recently emerged as the most important technology for electric power transmission, distribution, and control systems to manage power supply during power system disruption issues, particularly in cost-effectively supplying power to critical loads and sensitive loads without interruption. In this paper, for the switching between the two AC sources during the voltage disruptions issue with low transfer time, a smart static transfer switch (SSTS) based on a digital switching algorithm and Triac semiconductor switch is proposed and experimentally tested. A digital switching algorithm based on online AC voltage sensing and zero-crossing detection is proposed and implemented inside a DSP MCU. The printed circuit board (PCB) of the proposed SSTS is designed and manufactured for the experimental performance investigation with different AC input voltage conditions. A comparative study based on the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed SSTS system with the previous works is also presented. A smart static transfer switch with a transition time of less than one cycle and a digital protection technique during fault conditions is obtained in this work.
This article has been focused on the design of the artificial neural network with fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). PMSM is widely used in industrial ap...
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This article has been focused on the design of the artificial neural network with fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). PMSM is widely used in industrial applications such as robotic manipulators and machine tools due to the high efficiency, high torque to weight ratio and smaller size. One of the efficient control strategies of PMSM is based on ANFIS. ANFIS is very popular technique to deal with uncertainties. System dynamics in such cases can be compared with combining the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) with the Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). Simulations have been performed in MATLAB to validate the performance of the proposed model, and comparisons are made with ANFIS, SMC-PID and PID controllers compared to other controllers reported in the benchmark of the proposed controller's efficiency. The proposed adaptive neuro-fuzzy-dependent results indicate good transient efficiency. Robustness against the robustness of adaptive neuro-fuzzy-based PID and SMC-PID controllers is satisfactory in terms of easy settling time, zero peaks overflow and zero steady state error. The simulation results have been implemented in MATLAB 2019b, and experimental results are implemented in BD63030.
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