Existing methods for optimizing three-dimensional spatial structures in environmental art design often rely on subjective experience and intuition, lacking scientific rigor and systematic quantitative analysis. This l...
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Existing methods for optimizing three-dimensional spatial structures in environmental art design often rely on subjective experience and intuition, lacking scientific rigor and systematic quantitative analysis. This limitation frequently results in suboptimal solutions, particularly in multi-objective optimization scenarios where local optima are prevalent, thereby restricting innovation and practicality. To address these challenges, this paper proposes the use of the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to optimize spatialstructures. A multi-objective optimization model is constructed, integrating functionality, aesthetics, and space utilization, with mathematical modeling employed to quantify these objectives. To enhance solution quality, a hybrid strategy combining domain knowledge with Latin hypercube sampling ensures uniformity and representativeness of initial solutions. The SA algorithm is configured with carefully selected parameters, including initial temperature and cooling rate, while a comprehensive penalty function handles multi-dimensional constraints. The transition probability mechanism further improves global search capability, preventing premature convergence. Experimental results demonstrate the algorithm's superior performance: an average generation speed of 3.28 seconds/scheme, optimization time of 21.85 minutes, functional realization rate of 90.83%, space utilization rate of 94.79%, and significantly higher aesthetic scores compared to other methods. This study bridges the gap between artistic creativity and computational optimization, offering a transformative approach to spatial design. By enabling innovative, efficient, and balanced solutions, it advances intelligent methodologies in environmental art design, fostering sustainable and aesthetically pleasing environments.
The three-dimensional (3D) spatialstructure within cities can reveal more information about land development than the two-dimensionalspatialstructure. Studying the relationship between the urban 3D spatial structur...
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The three-dimensional (3D) spatialstructure within cities can reveal more information about land development than the two-dimensionalspatialstructure. Studying the relationship between the urban 3D spatialstructure and the population distribution is a crucial aspect of the relationship between people and land within cities. However, a few relevant studies focus on the differences between employment population and night population distribution in relation to urban 3D spatialstructure. Therefore, this study proposes a new concept of 3D space-filling degree (3DSFD), which is applicable to evaluate the city's 3D spatialstructure. We took 439 blocks in Kunming's Main Urban District as a sample and analyzed the 3D spatialstructure based on geographic information data at the scale of a single building. The characteristics and differences of the daytime and night population distribution in Kunming's Main Urban District were identified using cell phone signaling big data. Accordingly, a cross-sectional dataset of the relationship between the city's 3D spatialstructure and the population distribution was constructed, with the 3D space-filling degree of the block as the dependent variable, two indicators of population distribution (daytime and night population density) as the explanatory variables, and seven indicators of distance from the city center, and building, road, and functional place densities, proportion of undevelopable land area, housing prices, and land use type as the control variables. We used spatial regression models to explore the significance, strength, and direction of the relationship between urban 3D spatialstructure and population distribution. We found that the spatial error model (SEM) was the most effective. The results show that only night population distribution is significantly and positively related to 3DSFD. Every 1% increase in night population density in a block will increase the value of 3DSFD by 2.8307%. The night population distribu
The unconventional tight oil and gas resources in the Xinzhao East belt of the Hangjinqi Prospect area in the Ordos Basin of China are abundant. However, the reservoir's internal storage space is complex, and the ...
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The unconventional tight oil and gas resources in the Xinzhao East belt of the Hangjinqi Prospect area in the Ordos Basin of China are abundant. However, the reservoir's internal storage space is complex, and the microscopic pore throat structural features are not well recognized, which has led to some trouble in the deployment of oil and gas exploration. To reveal the microscopic characteristics of the dense sandstone gas layer in the first member of the Lower Stone Box Formation of the D-well Zone in the Xinzhao East belt of the Hangjinqi Prospect area, a three-dimensional space digital core was built, and the stored set spatial data were extracted, based on rock sheet and coring data and X-CT scanning technology. Quartz grain size was segmented and analyzed based on an adaptive approach. The microscopic characteristics of the gas layer in the studied section and the factors influencing its development were studied, combining the use of a field emission scanning electron microscope, helium porosimeter, and gas permeability meter. We found that in the studied section, the porosity is relatively high, the pore throat size is large, and the pore permeability correlation is good. The reservoir space, which consists of intergranular pores, intragranular pores, and microcracks at the grain edges in the study area, is characterized by a complex distribution pattern. Within the gas layer, isolated pores are connected by microcracks to form a network of reservoir spaces, which increases the pore throat size, enhances the connectivity of the pore throat, and makes the microscopic characteristics of the reservoir space better. The first member of the Lower Stone Box Formation could be an advantageous reservoir. Hole-throat connectivity is poor because of the gas layer having underdeveloped primary pores, the blockage of pores by unstable minerals (kaolinite, etc.), and poorly connected pore throats based on insoluble mud cementation. The high content of quartz brittle minera
Low-density porous materials and foams have been widely used for a variety of applications, such as light structural components, impact energy absorption, thermal insulation and sound absorption. The macroscopic defor...
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Low-density porous materials and foams have been widely used for a variety of applications, such as light structural components, impact energy absorption, thermal insulation and sound absorption. The macroscopic deformation of such materials is strongly dependent on their inherent micro-cellular structure. This study investigated the compressive anisotropic deformation behavior of low-density polymeric foam by using X-ray computed tomography (CT) and the finite element method (FEM) in order to understand both the microscopic and macroscopic deformation behavior. The foams used in this study have a closed cell structure, with pores that are elliptical in shape. three different types of expansion ratios were employed. The porosities of these materials were 93.5, 95, and 96%. From the observations using the X-ray CT method, the averaged pore heights were 1 mm and the aspect ratios were 2, 2.5, and 2.25, respectively. The foam demonstrated anisotropic deformation, dependent on the uni-axial compression direction. It was found that the deformation rigidity in the longitudinal direction was larger than that in the transverse direction. By using the X-ray CT method in situ, the microscopic deformation behavior when subjected to compressive loading was observed. Deformation and collapse of pores was observed for both directions during the loading. In conjunction with this, FEM computations were carried out to elucidate how such pore geometry undergoes elastoplastic deformation and leads to macroscopic deformation behavior. The FEM-created three-dimensional spatial structures were based on elongated rhombic dodecahedrons. It is revealed that the FEM computation shows relatively good agreement with the experimental results. Thus, our experimental and computational models may be useful for microstructural design using anisotropic cellular materials. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Using regional Global Positioning System (GPS) networks, we studied three-dimensional spatial structure of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomalies preceding three recent large earthquakes in Chile, South Am...
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Using regional Global Positioning System (GPS) networks, we studied three-dimensional spatial structure of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomalies preceding three recent large earthquakes in Chile, South America, i.e., the 2010 Maule (M-w 8.8), the 2014 Iquique (M-w 8.2), and the 2015 Illapel (M-w 8.3) earthquakes. Both positive and negative TEC anomalies, with areal extent dependent on the earthquake magnitudes, appeared simultaneously 20-40min before the earthquakes. For the two midlatitude earthquakes (2010 Maule and 2015 Illapel), positive anomalies occurred to the north of the epicenters at altitudes 150-250km. The negative anomalies occurred farther to the north at higher altitudes 200-500km. This lets the epicenter, the positive and negative anomalies align parallel with the local geomagnetic field, which is a typical structure of ionospheric anomalies occurring in response to positive surface electric charges.
We investigated the compressive deformation behavior of hollow-strut cellular materials. The present cellular structure consists of pentagon and/or hexagonal shaped cellular network, where the individual strut cross-s...
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We investigated the compressive deformation behavior of hollow-strut cellular materials. The present cellular structure consists of pentagon and/or hexagonal shaped cellular network, where the individual strut cross-section is hollow triangular prism. The porosity of entire cellular material network is 96.5%. Uni-axial compressive test was applied, and both macroscopic (network-level) and microscopic (strut-level) deformation behaviors were investigated. The macroscopic nominal stress-strain curve showed a linear relationship during elastic deformation, and then a stress plateau region was observed, followed by the gradual increase in plastic flow stress. Next, by using X-ray micro-CT technique, the strut geometry was quantitatively identified, and based on which finite element method (FEM) was carried out to elucidate the relationship between the strut geometry and the microscopic/macroscopic elastoplastic deformation. A threedimensionalspatialstructure unit model was established to mimic the present open-cell structure, where the employed strut material properties were obtained from micro-indentation experiments. The FEM computational result agrees reasonably with experimental one of the macroscopic Young's modulus and yield stress. It also suggests that the stress concentration occurs in the minimum cross-section of strut, and then plastic deformation starts at this local point. Such a local yield phenomenon becomes a trigger of buckling for strut, leading to macroscopic plastic deformation characteristics. Furthermore, strain rate effect of the present cellular material was investigated numerically. The obtained result showed reasonable deformation behavior, but this may be improved in the future. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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