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A three-stage algorithm for Coordinate Controlling of Multi-intersection Signal

EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2023年 211卷

作者： Zou, Yuanyang Liu, Renhuai Li, Ya Ma, Yingshuang Wang, Guoxin Hubei Univ Econ Sch Business Adm Wuhan 430205 Peoples R China Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Management Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Sch Management Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Huanggang Normal Univ Coll Business Huanggang 43800 Hubei Peoples R China Nanyang Inst Technol Sch Math & Phys Nanyang 473004 Peoples R China

It is understandable that the traffic light plans at one intersection interact with the adjacent intersections in traffic networks. It cannot be negligible to consider that inflow vehicles are not from adjacent intersections and that outflow vehicles are the connection links of two adjacent intersections. In this study, signal adaptive control is formulated a convex model for multi-intersection traffic network and a three-stage algorithm to solve the model. Before modeling, to simplify the optimization model, the "T" model of the intersections are switched into the + model. In the model, first, the arrival rates of connection lanes, which are utilized to connect the outside traffic network, should be adaptively estimated. Then, the difference between the number of inflow vehicles not from adjacent intersections and the number of outflow vehicles from the adjacent intersections is adaptively predicted. Next, the phases of adjacent intersections are matched. The changeable probability of the vehicles in the connection links is computed for transition probability equation. Focusing on the estimated arrival rates, phases are matched and the transition probability of the vehicles is calculated. A three-stage algorithm is proposed. The first stage adaptively estimates the arrival rates of the entry lanes, which are connected to the outside traffic network, by nonlinear methods or machine learning models (Li et al., 2020a). The difference between the number of inflow vehicles does not come from the adjacent intersections on the entrance lanes and that the number of outflow vehicles comes from the adjacent intersections is also adaptively computed in the first stage by an automatic update iterated algorithm. The second stage adaptively matches the phases of the adjacent intersections by matching components in the model and adaptively determines the transition probabilities of the intersections in the traffic network by an automatic update fraction. In the last stage, some c

关键词： Multi-intersection Cooperative control Transition probabilities three-stage algorithm

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A three-stage algorithm on community detection in social networks

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KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS 2020年 187卷 104822-000页

作者： You, Xuemei Ma, Yinghong Liu, Zhiyuan Shandong Normal Univ Sch Business Jinan 250014 Shandong Peoples R China

Detecting communities or clusters of networks is a considerable interesting problem in various fields and interdisciplinary subjects in recent years. Tens of hundreds of methods with significant efforts devoted to community detection in networks, while an open problem in all methods is the unknown number of communities in real networks. It is believed that the central node in a community might be highly surrounded by its neighbors and any two centers of the community reside far from each other, and also believed the similarity among nodes in the same community is larger than the others. Therefore, the local and the global structures' information shed important light on community detection. In this work, we present a three-stage algorithm to detect communities based on the local and the global information without giving the number of communities beforehand. The three stages include the central nodes identification, the label propagation and the communities combination. The central nodes are identified according to the distance between them larger than the average;the label propagation is to label nodes with the same colors when they reach to the maximum similarity;the communities combination is to merge two communities into one if the increment of the modularity is positive and maximum when the two communities were combined. Experiments and simulation results both on real world and synthetic networks show that the three-stage algorithm possesses well matched properties compared with seven other widely used algorithms, which indicates that three-stage algorithm can be used to detect community in social networks. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Community detection three-stage algorithm Central nodes identification Label propagation Communities combination

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three-stage improved algorithm based on clustering decomposition and its application in drone demand and task allocation

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第16期16卷 1957-1972页

作者： Liu, Zhengyuan Wang, Qinghua Army Logist Univ Dept Mil Logist Chongqing 401331 Peoples R China

This paper proposes a three-stage algorithm based on clustering decomposition and task allocation-improved clustering planning algorithm (iK-iD-N), aiming at the optimization task allocation problem of drones in actual application to meet the task demand constraints. The algorithm solves the problem of the number of drones demanded and the initial delivery range of each drone by introducing dual-objective planning into the clustering decomposition. Combining improved Dijkstra algorithm (iK-D) with neighbourhood insertion algorithm into task allocation, to get high-quality solutions and solve efficiently. Compared with the existing ant colony algorithm, the iK-iD-N algorithm proposed in this paper is more efficient and can obtain the best and stable solutions while evenly distributing tasks. Then it is compared with the improved clustering algorithm combined with the basic iK-D to get better solutions of the iK-iD-N algorithm at any time, and compared with the basic clustering algorithm with the improved task allocation algorithm (K-iD-N) that iK- iD-N can get a better solution with high probability. The thesis also simulates and analyzes the impact of uncertainty requirements on the solutions based on drone demand and task allocation models, and discusses the impact of drone load capability and endurance capability constraints on the final solutions.

关键词： iK-iD-N dual-objective planning basic iK-D drone load capability clustering decomposition improved task allocation algorithm pattern clustering resource allocation high-quality solutions neighbourhood insertion algorithm stage improved algorithm optimization task allocation problem three-stage algorithm endurance capability constraints improved Dijkstra algorithm drone demand remotely operated vehicles improved clustering planning algorithm ant colony optimisation task demand constraints

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A Modified Two-Steps three-stage Inversion algorithm for Forest Height Inversion Using Single-Baseline L-Band PolInSAR Data

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REMOTE SENSING 2022年第9期14卷 1986-1986页

作者： Zhang, Jianshuang Zhang, Yangjian Fan, Wenyi He, Liyuan Yu, Ying Mao, Xuegang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Northeast Forestry Univ Sch Forestry Minist Educ Key Lab Sustainable Forest Ecosyst Management Harbin 150040 Peoples R China San Diego State Univ Dept Biol San Diego CA 92182 USA

Forest height inversion with Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR) has become a research hotspot in the field of radar remote sensing. In this paper, we systematically studied a modified two-step, three-stage inversion simulating the L-band (L = 23 cm) full-polarization interferometric SAR data with an average forest height of 18 m using ESA PolSARpro-SIM software. We applied this method to E-SAR L-band single-baseline full PolInSAR data in 2003. In the first step, we modified the three-stage inversion algorithm based on phase diversity (PD)/maximum coherence difference (MCD) coherence optimization methods, corresponding to PD, MCD, respectively. In the second step, we introduced the coherence amplitude inversion term and modified the fixed weight to the variable of epsilon times the ground scattering ratio, which improved the accuracy of forest height inversion. The mean of forest height inversion by the HV method was the lowest (15.83 m) and the RMSE was the largest (4.80 m). The PD method was superior to the HV method with RMSE (4.60 m). The MCD method was slightly better than using the PD method with the smallest RMSE (4.43 m). After adding the coherence amplitude term, the RMSE was improved by 0.15 m, 0.14 m, and 0.08 m, respectively. The smallest RMSE was obtained by MCD, followed by the PD and HV methods. Although the robustness of the forest height inversion algorithm was reduced, the underestimation was improved and the RMSE was reduced. Due to the complexity of the real SAR E-SAR L-band single-baseline full PolInSAR data and the small sample sizes, the three-stage inversion methods based on coherent optimization were lower than the three-stage in-version method. After introducing the coherent magnitude term, the overestimation of the forest height was significantly weakened in HVWeight, PDweight, and MCDWeight, and PDWeight was optimal. The modified two-step, three-stage inversion algorithm had significant effects in alleviating forest height underest

关键词： forest height inversion three-stage algorithm coherence optimization complex coherence amplitude inversion

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Smart Meter Data-Based three-stage algorithm to Calculate Power and Energy Losses in Low Voltage Distribution Networks

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ENERGIES 2019年第15期12卷 3008-3008页

作者： Grigoras, Gheorghe Neagu, Bogdan-Constantin Gheorghe Asachi Tech Univ Iasi Dept Power Engn Iasi 700050 Romania

In this paper, an improved smart meter data-based three-stage algorithm to calculate the power/energy losses in three-phase networks with the voltage level below 0.4 kV (low voltage-LV) is presented. In the first stage, the input data regarding the hourly active and reactive powers of the consumers and producers are introduced. The powers are loaded from the database of the smart metering system (SMS) for the consumers and producers integrated in this system or files containing the characteristic load profiles established by the Distribution Network Operator for the consumers, which have installed the conventional meters non-integrated in the SMS. In the second stage, a function, which is based on the work with the structure vectors, was implemented to easily identify the configuration of analysed networks. In the third stage, an improved version of a forward/backward sweep-based algorithm was proposed to quickly calculate the power/energy losses to three-phase LV distribution networks in a balanced and unbalanced regime. A real LV rural distribution network from a pilot zone belonging to a Distribution Network Operator from Romania was used to confirm the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The comparison with the results obtained using the DigSilent PowerFactory Simulation Package certified the performance of the algorithm, with the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) being 0.94%.

关键词： distribution networks energy losses three-stage algorithm smart meters characteristic load profiles

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REMOVING THE IMPACT OF MAN-MADE TARGETS ON TREE HEIGHT RETRIEVAL USING A three-stage algorithm 38

REMOVING THE IMPACT OF MAN-MADE TARGETS ON TREE HEIGHT RETRI...

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38th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

作者： Duan, Dingfeng Wang, Yong Li, Hong UESTC Ctr Informat Geosci 2006 Xiyuan Ave Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China East Carolina Univ Dept Geog Planning & Environm Greenville NC 27858 USA UESTC Sch Resources & Environm 2006 Xiyuan Ave Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China East Carolina Univ Dept Informat Management Syst Greenville NC 27858 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538671504

An algorithm to remove the impact of man-made targets on tree height estimation using the three-stage algorithm and PolInSAR data was studied. The data were the German/DLR E-SAR L-band PolInSAR data near Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. Within the data, there were forested areas and man-made targets such as runways and buildings with variable azimuth angles. The runways with smooth surface or buildings with large azimuth angles were sequentially removed by the mask of surface and non-surface scattering components derived from the PolSAR decomposition algorithm, and the mask of high and low coherence coefficient. Then, tree heights were estimated. Results were satisfactory. Therefore, the developed algorithm was valid, and the applicability of the three-stage algorithm has been extended.

关键词： PolInSAR RVoG three-stage algorithm tree height inversion

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A Volume Optimization Method to Improve the three-stage Inversion algorithm for Forest Height Estimation Using PolInSAR Data

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IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS 2018年第8期15卷 1214-1218页

作者： Managhebi, Tayebe Maghsoudi, Yasser Zoej, Mohammad Javad Valadan KN Toosi Univ Technol Fac Geodesy & Geomat Engn Tehran *** Iran

This letter proposes a novel method to improve the results of the three-stage inversion algorithm, using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar interferometry. Since the accuracy of the estimated forest height is affected by the volume only coherence selection, finding the optimum coherence value is an important challenge for the conventional three-stage method. In the three-stage algorithm, a specific polarization state, HV, is usually used as the volume only channel. However, in this letter, an optimization algorithm is developed to find a more accurate volume only coherence on the coherence line. We used the experimental airborne SAR L-band single-baseline single-frequency polarimetric interferometry data to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show the proposed optimized volume only coherence leads to 2.9-m improvement in the results of the three-stage inversion algorithm.

关键词： Forest height optimization algorithm polarimetric synthetic aperture radar interferometry (PolInSAR) three-stage algorithm volume only coherence

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three-stage algorithms for the large-scale dynamic vehicle routing problem with industry 4.0 approach

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Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第3期9卷 313-329页

作者： Maryam Abdirad Krishna Krishnan Deepak Gupta Department of Industrial Systemsand Manufacturing EngineeringWichita State UniversityWichitaKS 67260USA

Companies are eager to have a smart supply chain especially when they have adynamic system. Industry 4.0 is a concept which concentrates on mobility andreal-time integration. Thus, it can be considered as a necessary component thathas to be implemented for a dynamic vehicle routing problem. The aim of thisresearch is to solve large-scale DVRP (LSDVRP) in which the delivery vehiclesmust serve customer demands from a common depot to minimize transit costswhile not exceeding the capacity constraint of each vehicle. In LSDVRP, it isdifficult to get an exact solution and the computational time complexity growsexponentially. To find near-optimal answers for this problem, a hierarchicalapproach consisting of three stages: “clustering, route-construction, routeimprovement”is proposed. The major contribution of this paper is dealing withLSDVRP to propose the three-stage algorithm with better results. The resultsconfirmed that the proposed methodology is applicable.

关键词： dynamic vehicle routing problem clustered vehicle routing problem three-stage algorithm industry 4.0

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APPLICABILITY OF RVOG MODEL IN TREE HEIGHT INVERSION USING P-BAND POLINSAR BACKSCATTER DATA

APPLICABILITY OF RVOG MODEL IN TREE HEIGHT INVERSION USING P...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

作者： Duan, Dingfeng Wang, Yong Univ Elect Sci & Technol China UESTC Sch Resources & Environm 2006 Xiyuan Ave Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360332;9798350360325

Utilizing simulated P-band PolInSAR backscatter data in pine forests, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the applicability of the RVoG model in tree height inversion. Small radar incidence angles and low forest stand densities can decrease canopy continuity, invalidating a critical RVoG model assumption. Also, the ground backscatter decreases at a large radar incidence angle, reducing the accuracy of ground phase estimation. A high stand density can ensure good canopy continuity and stable tree height inversion. Thus, for better inversion, the radar incidence angle should be around 35 degrees, and the stand density should be >= 300 stems/ha.

关键词： Forest tree height PolInSAR backscatter data RVoG model three-stage algorithm

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A NOVEL algorithm FOR TREE HEIGHT INVERSION WITH IMPROVED GROUND PHASE ESTIMATION

A NOVEL ALGORITHM FOR TREE HEIGHT INVERSION WITH IMPROVED GR...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

作者： Lu, Chenghao Yang, Taoli Yu, Hanwen Wang, Yong Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Resources & Environm 2006 Xiyuan Ave Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360332;9798350360325

Polarimetric Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolInSAR) possesses unique advantages in forest parameter retrieval due to its all-weather, all-day observation capability and effective acquisition of vertical structure information of ground targets. Based on the Random Volume over Ground (RVoG) model, the existing three-stage method fits the coherent line to estimate the ground phase. However, the accuracy of tree height inversion is restricted by noise during the estimation process. A new ground phase estimation method was proposed by fitting coherent lines using multiple pixels, improving the SNR. Results demonstrate that, compared to the existing three-stage algorithm, our method performs better in the tree height inversion of managed and natural forests.

关键词： Polarimetric interferometric synthetic aperture radar three-stage algorithm The centroid and phase

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