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Advances and required improvements in methods to diagnosing Clostridioides difficile infections in the healthcare setting

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EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 2021年第3期21卷 311-321页

作者： Mizusawa, Masako Carroll, Karen C. Univ Missouri Dept Internal Med Sect Infect Dis Kansas City MO 64110 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med Div Med Microbiol 600 N Wolfe StMeyer B121 Baltimore MD 21287 USA

Introduction Clostrididioides difficile is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and health-care costs. Areas Covered: We searched relevant papers in PubMed for the last 10 years. In major papers, we scanned the bibliographies to ensure that important articles were included. This review addresses the evolving epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and discusses novel methods/approaches for improving the diagnosis of this important disease. Expert opinion No single diagnostic test to date has demonstrated optimum sensitivity and specificity for detection of CDI. Many institutions have developed multi-step algorithms consistent with guidelines established by various professional societies. Some institutions have successfully tried to improve the pretest probability of molecular assays by implementing appropriate sample rejection criteria and establishing best practice alerts at the time of electronic order entry. Others have established PCR cycle threshold cutoffs to attempt to differentiate symptomatic patients from asymptomatic carriers or to make predictions about severity of disease with variable success. As research advances our understanding of C. difficile pathogenesis and pathophysiology, more information on CDI specific biomarkers is emerging. Finally, assessments of the microbiome and metabolome may expand the diagnostic armamentarium with advances in mass spectrometry and sequencing technologies.

关键词： Colitis Clostridioides difficile two step algorithm nucleic acid test toxin enzyme immunoassay biomarkers glutamate dehydrogenase best practice alerts microbiome metabolomics

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Optimal sampling algorithms for block matrix multiplication

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2023年第1期425卷

作者： Niu, Chengmei Li, Hanyu Chongqing Univ Coll Math & Stat Chongqing 401331 Peoples R China

In this paper, we investigate the randomized algorithms for block matrix multiplication from random sampling perspective. Specifically, based on the A-optimal design criterion, we obtain the optimal sampling probabilities and sampling block sizes. To improve the practicability of the block sizes, two modified ones with less computation cost are provided. With respect to the second modified block size, we devise a two step algo-rithm. Moreover, the probability error bounds for the proposed algorithms are also given. Extensive numerical results show that our methods outperform the state-of-the-art ones given in the literature.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optimal sampling Block matrix multiplication A-optimal design criterion two step algorithm Probability error bound

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A Closed-Form two-step Target Localization in MIMO Radar Systems Using BR Measurements 25

A Closed-Form Two-Step Target Localization in MIMO Radar Sys...

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25th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)

作者： Pishevar, Somaye Mohamed-Pour, Kamal Noroozi, Ali KN Toosi Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Tehran *** Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781509059638

This study introduces a closed-form two step target localization algorithm to localize a single target in the presence of multiple transmitters and receivers from time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements. This algorithm is based on the intersection of ellipsoids which are defined by bistatic range (BR) measurements from several transmitters and receivers. The method includes two steps, which the first one estimates the position of the target and some nuisance parameters and the second one eliminates the nuisance parameters and improves the estimation of target position. Furthermore, in both steps of the proposed algorithm, a weighted least squares (WLS) method is employed. In addition, it has been theoretically proved and shown by simulation results that the proposed method can attain the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) performance under the small noise condition.

关键词： Target localiztion MIMO radar Weighted Least Squares two step algorithm Bistatic range

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Distributed H∞ and H2 consensus control in directed networks

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IET CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2014年第3期8卷 193-201页

作者： Wang, Jingyao Duan, Zhisheng Li, Zhongkui Wen, Guanghui Peking Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Coll Engn State Key Lab Turbulence & Complex Syst Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Dept Math Nanjing 210096 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In this study, the H ∞ consensus problem of a group of linear multi-agent systems with directed communication graph is addressed. To achieve H ∞ consensus, a new class of distributed consensus protocols based only on the relative states of the neighbouring agents is proposed. Compared with the existing protocols, the one presented in this study focuses on solving the H ∞ consensus problem in strongly connected directed networks. By using tools from algebraic graph theory and Lyapunov stability analysis, it is theoretically shown that distributed H ∞ consensus in the closed-loop multi-agent systems with strongly connected topology can be achieved if the distributed consensus protocol is appropriately designed. A two-step algorithm is then presented to construct such a protocol. The H 2 consensus problem for networked systems is further investigated. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis is verified via numerical simulations.

关键词： algebra directed graphs Hâˆž control Lyapunov methods multi-agent systems stability H infinity consensus control directed networks H infinity consensus problem linear multiagent systems directed communication graph distributed consensus protocols algebraic graph theory Lyapunov stability analysis closed loop multiagent systems topology two step algorithm networked systems numerical simulations

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Improved Extended Kalman Fusion Method For Upper Limb Motion Estimation With Inertial Sensors

Improved Extended Kalman Fusion Method For Upper Limb Motion...

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4th International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing (ICICIP)

作者： Zhang, Sheng Xiao, Kang Zhang, Qian Zhang, Hao Liu, Yi Tsinghua Univ Shenzhen Key Lab Informat Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467362498;9781467362481

With the rapid development of microsensors, the real-time, low-cost human motion tracking system using inertial sensors has become more and more popular. Because of the complicated indoor electromagnetic environment, magnetic disturbance has become one of the most challenging issues. This paper presents a portable real-time limb motion capture system based on extended kalman filter. In this system, a non-linear two step algorithm is used to calibrate the magnetometer. And an adaptive mechanism for weighting the measurements is introduced in the EKF to reduce the impact of the body motion and temporary magnetic disturbances. Simulation and experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm obtains good performance in magnetically disturbed environment.

关键词： inertial sensors magnetometer EKF two step algorithm motion tracking

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Global H_∞ consensus of multi-agent systems with Lipschitz non-linear dynamics

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IET CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2012年第13期6卷 2041-2048页

作者： Li, Z. Liu, X. Fu, M. Xie, L. Beijing Inst Technol Key Lab Intelligent Control & Decis Complex Syst Sch Automat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

This study addresses the global consensus problems of a class of non-linear multi-agent systems with Lipschitz non-linearity and directed communication graphs, by using a distributed consensus protocol based on the relative states of neighbouring agents. A two-step algorithm is presented to construct a protocol, under which a Lipschitz multi-agent system without disturbances can reach global consensus for a strongly connected directed communication graph. Another algorithm is then given to design a protocol that can achieve global consensus with a guaranteed H-infinity performance for a Lipschitz multi-agent system subject to external disturbances. The case with a leader-follower communication graph is also discussed. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical results is demonstrated through a network of single-link manipulators.

关键词： H∞ control single link manipulators multi-agent systems leader follower communication graph global H infinity consensus manipulators Combinatorial mathematics two step algorithm Lipschitz nonlinearity Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics nonlinear multiagent system guaranteed H infinity performance distributed consensus protocol Optimal control directed graphs Manipulators Lipschitz multiagent system global consensus problems Expert systems and other AI software and techniques directed communication graphs neighbouring agents

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DYNAMIC PARAMETER ESTIMATION BASED ON SPECTRAL ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATION IN MECHANIC-ELECTRIC SYSTEMS

DYNAMIC PARAMETER ESTIMATION BASED ON SPECTRAL ANALYSIS AND ...

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1994 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference - Advanced Technologies in I and M (IMTC/94)

作者： ZHOU, ZY XIONG, SS LI, Y TSING HUA UNIV DEPT PRECIS INSTRUMENTS & MECHANOLTSINGHUA 100084PEOPLES R CHINA

ISBN: (纸本)0780318803

A dynamic parameter estimation method with a two step algorithm has been developed based on spectral analysis. The spectral density function is first obtained from input-output signals of a system, then the dynamic parameters can be estimated from frequency response data. Some parameter estimation algorithms are derived by minimizing a unified loss function with different weight selections. Some excellent application results have been achieved in the measurement, simulation, compensation and control of sensors, actuators and precision machineries.

关键词： spectral analysis parameter estimation frequency response frequency-domain analysis digital simulation dynamic parameter estimation spectral analysis mechanic-electric systems two step algorithm spectral density function input-output signals frequency response data unified loss function simulation compensation control actuators sensors

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