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ENGINEERING RESEARCH EXPRESS 2025年第1期7卷

作者： Shoupeng, Song Qichao, Shen Jiangsu Univ Dept Instrument Sci & Engn Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China

This study designed a gating excitation circuit for an addressing ultrasonic sensor array. The designed circuit comprises block-shaped lead zirconate titanate elements and has a modular design, maximizing the addressing excitation scale to 1024 (32 x 32) elements. A microcontroller generates a 32-bit addressing gating code sequence, which is then decoded by a shift register to generate a gating code signal. The rising and falling edges of this signal trigger the switching circuit to gate or isolate specific elements, thus achieving the addressing excitation of different array elements. The developed gating excitation circuit meets the excitation requirements of addressing ultrasonic sensor arrays with a central frequency range of 1-5 MHz. Within this frequency range, excitation pulses exhibit excellent gating and isolation performance, thereby ensuring the effective transmission and blocking of unipolar and bipolar pulses. Experimental results indicated that the designed circuit realized coded gating excitation for various elements in an addressing ultrasonic sensor array, thus effectively isolating pulse signal interference from other elements. The maximum on-state attenuation and off-state attenuation were 0.09 and 68.52 dB, respectively. Moreover, the designed circuit considerably reduces the circuit scale, minimizes the number of control signals, and exhibits high scalability. Overall, this design can serve as a valuable reference for the development of large-scale addressing ultrasonic sensor arrays.

关键词： ultrasonic sensor array addressing excitation circuit gating characteristics

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Proposal of an ultrasonic sensor array with flexible and scalable organization

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ARTIFICIAL LIFE AND ROBOTICS 2019年第2期24卷 189-194页

作者： Morita, Yuichi Kono, Sota Yamawaki, Akira Kyushu Inst Technol Kitakyushu Fukuoka Japan

In measuring on ultrasonic sensor array, measured objects have different shapes and sizes. Therefore, we have to move sensor array mechanically according to the shape and size of the measured objects. This problem would cause to need much time for measuring. To solve this problem, we propose the organizing method of the ultrasonic sensor array, whose sensors can be flexibility and scalability applied to arbitrary objects with different shapes and sizes, respectively. In this proposed structure, several ultrasonic sensors compose a module. The modules are connected by serial communication with flexible connectors and can be bending. In this paper, we develop a test bed hardware of the single module and verify the operation.

关键词： ultrasonic sensor array Flexibility Scalability

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An identification approach for object shapes and materials using an ultrasonic sensor array

An identification approach for object shapes and materials u...

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SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference

作者： Ohtani, Kozo Baba, Mitsuru Hiroshima Inst Technol Dept Informat & Intellectual Syst Engn Hiroshima Japan Ibaraki Univ Dept Intellectual Syst Engn Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9788995003848

From the viewpoint of environmental protection, the recycling of wastes becomes ever more important. In such a field, there is the manner of recycling or reuse, we need to develop a simple technique on advertising to promote recycling and reuse based on the local autonomy. Especially, the field of sorting for reuse requires a simple sensor system that identifies the materials, shape and size of an object without contact with the target. Here, we propose a new identification system using an ultrasonic sensor array and neural networks. ne method sorts by the shape and the material of an object based on ultrasonic pressure distribution and acoustic impedance. We have done some experiments with a prototype sensor system. The experimental results showed the practical applicability of the identification method in a shapes and materials sorting system.

关键词： ultrasonic sensor array shape identification material identification neural network

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A simple identification method for object shapes and materials using an ultrasonic sensor array

A simple identification method for object shapes and materia...

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23rd IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference

作者： Ohtani, K. Baba, M. Hiroshima Inst Technol Dept Informat Saeki Ku 2-1-1 Miyake Hiroshima 7315193 Japan Ibaraki Univ Dept Intellectual Syst Engn Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780780393592

From the viewpoint of environmental protection, the recycling of wastes becomes ever more important. In such afield, there is the manner of recycling or reuse, we need to develop a simple technique on advertising to promote recycling and reuse based oil the local autonomic Especially, the field of sorting for reuse requires a simple sensor system that identifies the materials, shape and size of an object without contact with the target. Here, we propose a new identification system using an ultrasonic sensor array and neural networks. The method sorts by the shape and the material of an object based on ultrasonic pressure distribution and acoustic impedance. We have done some experiments with a prototype sensor system. The experimental results showed the practical applicability of the identification method in a shapes and materials sorting system.

关键词： ultrasonic sensor array shape identification material identification neural network

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Shape recognition for transparent objects using ultrasonic sensor array

Shape recognition for transparent objects using ultrasonic s...

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Annual Conference on the Society-of-Instrument-and-Control-Engineers

作者： Ohtani, Kozo Baba, Mitsuru Hiroshima Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Hiroshima Japan Ibaraki Univ Dept Intelligence Syst Engn Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764289

ultrasonic sensors are often utilized for perceiving the outside world. In this paper, we propose the construction of a new ultrasonic recognition system for identification of transparent object. The proposed recognition system consists of an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic receiver, and a recognition unit. The system's receiver is made up of plural ultrasonic sensor array. The receiver outputs the peak values and the positions of ultrasonic sound pressure waves. Their values and positions are input in to recognition unit, which consists of the neural networks for object identification and the neural networks (NNs) for the measurement of the object's position. We have designed and built a prototype system for identification and position measurement for polyethylene terephthalate bottle (Pet bottle). We tested this system by attempting to identify and measure the positions of seven kinds of Pet bottle. The experimental results showed perfect identification and an accuracy of about 5mm.

关键词： ultrasonic sensor array neural network object recognition

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An Analytical Method for 3-D Target Localization Based on a Four-Element ultrasonic sensor array With TOA Measurement

IEEE SENSORS LETTERS

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IEEE sensorS LETTERS 2023年第5期7卷 1页

作者： Qiu, Yizhen Jiang, Yandan Wang, Baoliang Huang, Zhiyao Zhejiang Univ Coll Control Sci & Engn State Key Lab Ind Control Technol Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China

A new analytical method for 3-D target localization based on a four-element ultrasonic sensor array is proposed. In the sensor array, with the consideration of good real-time performance, one ultrasonic sensor (the reference ultrasonic sensor) works both as a transmitter and as a receiver, while the other three sensors work as receivers. A basic target localization model is developed. The necessary and sufficient condition of the proposed method to obtain the unique and analytical solution is analyzed. It is proved that if and only if the four ultrasonic sensors are not in the same plane, the four-element ultrasonic sensor array can obtain a unique and analytical solution. In addition, with the consideration of the stability and the complexity of the analytical solution, a practical four-element ultrasonic sensor array configuration is proposed, which is characterized in that the reference ultrasonic sensor is at the origin, the other three ultrasonic sensors are on the three coordinate axes, respectively, and the distances from the three ultrasonic sensors to the reference ultrasonic sensor are equal. 3-D target localization experiments are carried out. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the localization performance is satisfactory. The proposed sensor array can realize the 3-D localization with the advantages of simple construction and less computation.

关键词： sensors Acoustics sensor arrays Location awareness sensor phenomena and characterization Receivers Three-dimensional displays sensor applications analytical solution localization ranging ultrasonic sensor array

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Simulation Study of the Localization of a Near-Surface Crack Using an Air-Coupled ultrasonic sensor array

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sensorS 2017年第4期17卷 930-930页

作者： Delrue, Steven Aleshin, Vladislav Sorensen, Mikael De Lathauwer, Lieven KU Leuven Kulak Wave Propagat & Signal Proc Res Grp B-8500 Kortrijk Belgium CNRS UMR 8520 Inst Elect Microelect & Nanotechnol Joint Int Lab LICSLEMAC F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq France KU Leuven Kulak Grp Sci Engn & Technol B-8500 Kortrijk Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven STADIUS Dept Elect Engn ESAT B-3001 Leuven Heverlee Belgium

The importance of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) to check the integrity of materials in different fields of industry has increased significantly in recent years. Actually, industry demands NDT methods that allow fast (preferably non-contact) detection and localization of early-stage defects with easy-to-interpret results, so that even a non-expert field worker can carry out the testing. The main challenge is to combine as many of these requirements into one single technique. The concept of acoustic cameras, developed for low frequency NDT, meets most of the above-mentioned requirements. These cameras make use of an array of microphones to visualize noise sources by estimating the Direction Of Arrival (DOA) of the impinging sound waves. Until now, however, because of limitations in the frequency range and the lack of integrated nonlinear post-processing, acoustic camera systems have never been used for the localization of incipient damage. The goal of the current paper is to numerically investigate the capabilities of locating incipient damage by measuring the nonlinear airborne emission of the defect using a non-contact ultrasonic sensor array. We will consider a simple case of a sample with a single near-surface crack and prove that after efficient excitation of the defect sample, the nonlinear defect responses can be detected by a uniform linear sensor array. These responses are then used to determine the location of the defect by means of three different DOA algorithms. The results obtained in this study can be considered as a first step towards the development of a nonlinear ultrasonic camera system, comprising the ultrasonic sensor array as the hardware and nonlinear post-processing and source localization software.

关键词： non-destructive testing Nonlinear Air-Coupled Emission (NACE) crack localization Direction Of Arrival (DOA) ultrasonic sensor array

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Gas Leak Location Detection Based on Data Fusion with Time Difference of Arrival and Energy Decay Using an ultrasonic sensor array

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sensorS 2018年第9期18卷 2985-2985页

作者： Wang, Tao Wang, Xiaoran Hong, Mingyu Beijing Inst Technol Sch Automat 5 South Zhongguancun St Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

ultrasonic gas leak location technology is based on the detection of ultrasonic waves generated by the ejection of pressured gas from leak holes in sealed containers or pipes. To obtain more accurate leak location information and determine the locations of leak holes in three-dimensional space, this paper proposes an ultrasonic leak location approach based on multi-algorithm data fusion. With the help of a planar ultrasonic sensor array, the eigenvectors of two individual algorithms, i.e., the arrival distance difference, as determined from the time difference of arrival (TDOA) location algorithm, and the ratio of arrival distances from the energy decay (ED) location algorithm, are extracted and fused to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of leak holes. The fusion is based on an extended Kalman filter, in which the results of the individual algorithms are seen as observation values. The final system state matrix is composed of distances between the measured leak hole and the sensors. Our experiments show that, under the condition in which the pressure in the measured container is 100 kPa, and the leak hole-sensor distance is 800 mm, the maximum error of the calculated results based on the data fusion location algorithm is less than 20 mm, and the combined accuracy is better than those of the individual location algorithms.

关键词： gas leak location data fusion TDOA ED ultrasonic sensor array

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Three-Dimensional Wind Measurement Based on ultrasonic sensor array and Multiple Signal Classification

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sensorS 2020年第2期20卷 523-523页

作者： Ma, Bian Teng, Jing Zhu, Huixian Zhou, Rong Ju, Yun Liu, Shi North China Elect Power Univ Sch Control & Comp Engn Beijing 102206 Peoples R China

The wind power industry continues to experience rapid growth worldwide. However, the fluctuations in wind speed and direction complicate the wind turbine control process and hinder the integration of wind power into the electrical grid. To maximize wind utilization, we propose to precisely measure the wind in a three-dimensional (3D) space, thus facilitating the process of wind turbine control. Natural wind is regarded as a 3D vector, whose direction and magnitude correspond to the wind's direction and speed. A semi-conical ultrasonic sensor array is proposed to simultaneously measure the wind speed and direction in a 3D space. As the ultrasonic signal transmitted between the sensors is influenced by the wind and environment noise, a Multiple Signal Classification algorithm is adopted to estimate the wind information from the received signal. The estimate's accuracy is evaluated in terms of root mean square error and mean absolute error. The robustness of the proposed method is evaluated by the type A evaluation of standard uncertainty under a varying signal-to-noise ratio. Simulation results validate the accuracy and anti-noise performance of the proposed method, whose estimated wind speed and direction errors converge to zero when the SNR is over 15 dB.

关键词： wind measurement ultrasonic sensor array 3D vector MUSIC algorithm

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Target Classification of a Pillar-like Object Located at Any Free Position by ultrasonic sensor array

Target Classification of a Pillar-like Object Located at Any...

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： Kozo Ohtani Mitsuru Baba Syunya Omori Hiroshima Institute of Technology Ibaraki University Graduate School of Ibaraki University

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764388

ultrasonic sensors are often utilized for perceiving the outside world. In this paper, we propose the construction of a new ultrasonic recognition system for the identification of a pillar-like object located at a free position. The proposed recognition system consists of an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic receiver, and a recognition unit. The system's receiver is actually plural receivers on an ultrasonic sensor array. The receiver outputs the peak values and the positions of ultrasonic sound pressure waves. Their values and positions are input to a recognition unit, which consists of the neural networks for object identification. We have designed and built a prototype system. We tested this system by attempting to identify four kinds of objects. The experimental results showed good identification of the test objects.

关键词： ultrasonic sensor array Neural network Target classification

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