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Simplified Triangular Partitioning Mode in versatile video coding

IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS 2020年第2期E103D卷 472-475页

作者： Park, Dohyeon Lee, Jinho Kang, Jung-Won Kim, Jae-Gon Korea Aerosp Univ Goyang 10540 Gyeonggi South Korea ETRI Daejeon 34129 South Korea

The emerging versatile video coding (VVC) standard currently adopts Triangular Partitioning Mode (TPM) to make more flexible inter prediction. Due to the motion search and motion storage for TPM, the complexity of the encoder and decoder is significantly increased. This letter proposes two simplifications of TPM for reducing the complexity of the current design. One simplification is to reduce the number of combinations of motion vectors for both partitions to be checked. The method gives 4% encoding time decrease with negligible BD-rate loss. Another one is to remove the reference picture remapping process in the motion vector storage of TPM. It reduces the complexity of the encoder and decoder without a BD-rate change for the random-access configuration.

关键词： video Codec versatile video coding inter prediction triangular partitioning mode

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Neural Network Based Multi-Level In-Loop Filtering for versatile video coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR video TECHNOLOGY 2024年第11期34卷 12092-12096页

作者： Zhu, Linwei Zhang, Yun Li, Na Wu, Wenhui Wang, Shiqi Kwong, Sam Chinese Acad Sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Elect & Commun Engn Shenzhen 518107 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci Hong Kong Peoples R China Lingnan Univ Dept Comp & Decis Sci Hong Kong Peoples R China

To further improve the performance of versatile video coding (VVC), a neural network based multi-level in-loop filtering framework for luma and chroma is presented in this letter, which includes Reference pixel Level (RL), coding tree unit Level (CL), and Frame Level (FL). The neural network based filters in these levels can be flexibly enabled. In RL, the coding performance upper bound is analyzed and asymmetric convolution is designed. In CL, the pixels located at the bottom and rightmost have been assigned greater weights for loss calculation during training. In addition, the co-located luma is adopted in CL and FL chroma filtering for guiding chroma enhancement due to the high correlation between them. For the architecture of neural network, two input channel fusion schemes are combined to enjoy both of their benefits. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed multi-level in-loop filtering method can achieve 6.87%, 32.8%, and 36.9% bit rate reductions on average for Y, U, and V components under all intra configuration, which outperforms the state-of-the-art works.

关键词： In-loop filtering versatile video coding neural network multi-level

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An Optimized Rate Control Algorithm in versatile video coding for 360° videos

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2022年 29卷 2303-2307页

作者： Zhao, Zeming He, Xiaohai Xiong, Shuhua He, Liqiang Sheriff, Raymond Edward Sichuan Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Chengdu 610065 Peoples R China Edge Hill Univ Dept Comp Sci Ormskirk Lancs England

Today, 360 degrees video has become an integral part of people's lives. Despite the fact that the latest generation standard versatile video coding (VVC) demonstrates a significant gain in encoding capacity over High Efficiency video coding (HEVC), it still has room for 360 degrees video encoding improvements. To further enhance the applicability of 360 degrees video coding, an optimized rate control (RC) algorithm in VVC for 360 degrees video is proposed in this paper. We present an efficient extraction algorithm for obtaining the video's saliency feature. Furthermore, for the characteristics of 360 degrees video, a partitioning algorithm is also proposed to divide a frame into demand and non-demand regions. Additionally, to achieve precise and rational RC, a coding Tree Unit (CTU)-level bit allocation strategy is proposed based on the saliency feature for the above-mentioned regions. The experimental results show that the proposed RC algorithm can achieve 11.77% bitrate savings and more accurate allocation compared with the default algorithm of VVC. Also, performance enhancement has been observed in comparison to the most advanced algorithm.

关键词： 360 degrees video partitioning algorithm rate control saliency feature versatile video coding

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A novel fast intra mode decision for versatile video coding

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JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION 2020年 71卷 102849-102849页

作者： Chen, Yamei Yu, Li Wang, Hongkui Li, Tiansong Wang, Shengwei Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect Informat & Commun Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

The latest video coding standard versatile video coding (VVC) obtains superior coding efficiency compared to the High Efficiency video coding (HEVC), which is achieved by incorporating more effective and complex new coding tools. In this paper, we propose a novel fast intra mode decision algorithm for VVC, including following two strategies: (1) the correlation between the optimal modes of the adjacent blocks and the modes selected in the rough modes decision (RMD) process is analyzed and applied to reduce the modes in the candidate list;(2) modes in the candidate list are sorted in ascending order according to the modes' cost calculated in the RMD process. An early termination method is proposed for terminating the optimal prediction mode decision process based on this new order early. These two strategies are incorporated into intra coding to reduce the coding complexity. Since these two strategies do not add any additional computational complexity, the proposed fast algorithm can achieve more complexity reduction. The experimental results show that the complexity reduction of the proposed algorithm is up to 44.74% compared to VVC reference software VTM2.0, and averagely 30.59% encoding time saving with 0.86% BDBR increase. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： versatile video coding Intra mode decision Mode correlation Sorted candidate list Early termination

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Efficient Rate Control in versatile video coding With Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Bit Allocation and Parameter Updating

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR video TECHNOLOGY 2023年第6期33卷 2920-2934页

作者： He, Liqiang He, Xiaohai Xiong, Shuhua Zhao, Zeming Xiao, Hang Chen, Honggang Sichuan Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Chengdu 610065 Peoples R China Guangxi Normal Univ Guangxi Key Lab Multisource Informat Min & Secur Guilin 541004 Peoples R China

Despite the fact that versatile video coding (VVC) has achieved superior coding performance, two major problems remain for the rate control (RC) model in VVC. First, the regions concerned by human eyes are not clear enough in the coded video due to the deviation between the target bit allocation strategy of the coding tree unit (CTU) in RC and the human visual attention mechanism (HVAM). Second, there are significant quality fluctuations in the coded video frames due to the inappropriate updating speed. To address the above problems, we propose an efficient rate control (ERC) model. Specifically, in order to make the coded video more consistent with the attention of human eyes, we extract texture and motion-based spatial-temporal information to guide the bit allocation at the CTU level. Furthermore, based on the quasi-Newton algorithm and bit error, we propose an adaptive parameter updating (APU) method with the proper updating speed to precisely control the bits per frame. The proposed ERC outperforms the default RC model of VVC Test Model (VTM) 9.1 by saving the average Bjontegaard Delta Rate (BD-Rate) on full-frame video sequences by 3.60% and 4.94% under low delay P (LDP) and random access (RA) configurations respectively, with higher bitrate accuracy. Moreover, the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and actual coded bits per frame in the video coded by the proposed ERC are more stable.

关键词： versatile video coding rate control spatial-temporal bit allocation adaptive parameter updating

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LOW COMPLEXITY versatile video coding (VVC) FOR LOW BITRATE APPLICATIONS 8

LOW COMPLEXITY VERSATILE VIDEO CODING (VVC) FOR LOW BITRATE ...

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8th European Workshop on Visual Information Processing (EUVIP)

作者： Aklouf, Mourad Leny, Marc Dufaux, Frederic Kieffer, Michel EKTACOM F-91940 Les Ulis France Univ Paris Sud CNRS CentraleSupelec L2S F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette France

ISBN: (纸本)9781728144962

The new versatile video coding (VVC) standard is currently under development, targeting more efficient compression, especially for 4K and 8K contents. Nevertheless, some application scenarios still require low resolution and low bitrate encoding, e.g., live video streaming over unstable bandwidth-limited wireless networks. In addition, embedded applications also require low complexity and low power consumption solutions. As VVC is not designed for these conditions, it may not necessarily achieve the optimal trade-off between complexity and compression efficiency. This paper proposes an optimization framework to determine the efficiency at low-resolution and low-bitrate of some of the new coding tools introduced in VVC. We show that in such coding conditions, significant reduction in terms of encoding complexity (up to 56% at 384 x 216 resolution) may be obtained by disabling some of the VVC coding tools, with a negligible impact in terms of compression efficiency (less than 1.88% increase in BDrate).

关键词： versatile video coding video compression optimization low complexity low resolution low bitrate

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Learning-Based Multi-Stage Intra Partition for versatile video coding 24

Learning-Based Multi-Stage Intra Partition for Versatile Vid...

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IEEE 24th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP)

作者： Zeng, Hongji Zhao, Tiesong Feng, Weize Chen, Nan Lin, Jielian Wang, Xu Fuzhou Univ Coll Phys & Informat Engn Fujian Key Lab Intelligent Proc & Wireless Transm Fuzhou Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Coll Comp Sci & Software Engn Shenzhen Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665471893

ISBN: (纸本)9781665471893

The latest standard, versatile video coding (VVC), doubles the coding efficiency over the previous generation standard. However, better performance is at the cost of a sharp increase in coding complexity. In order to reduce the complexity of VVC intra coding, this paper proposes a multi-stage block partition decision framework based on deep learning. First, we propose a three-stage redundant modes removal framework that decreases the number of modes checked in the brute-force process. Then, we build a lightweight CNN to complete the classification task of each stage. To reduce the burden of CNN and adapt to different coding Unit (CU) sizes, we pre-process the luminance component of CU and use the results as input of the network. Finally, the multi-threshold adjusting scheme is proposed for trading off complexity reduction with the bitrate increase. The experimental results shows our method can reduce the encoding time ranging from 16.93% to 69.40% with the bit-rate increase ranging from 0.31% to 3.59%. Such results demonstrate that our method has superior performance with a wide range of adjustments compared with other state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： versatile video coding Complexity Optimization Block Partition CNN

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A Fast Texture-Based 8K Intra-Partitioning Algorithm for versatile video coding (VVC)

A Fast Texture-Based 8K Intra-Partitioning Algorithm for Ver...

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2024 Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing

作者： Simsek, Altug Dundar, Gunhan Bogazici Univ Elect & Elect Engn Dept Istanbul Turkiye

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529543;9798331529550

versatile video coding (VVC), standardized in 2022 as ITU-T Recommendation H.266, ISO/IEC 23090-3 and MPEG-I Part3, is the latest block-based hybrid video coding standard. It defines many tools to increase compression efficiency while maintaining the same quality level. The tradeoff is the computational complexity. The intra-coding loop of VVC is computationally very complex due to its nature of iteratively trying all possible Quad-Tree Multitype-Tree (QTMT) partitioning alternatives starting from 128x128 coding Tree Unit (CTU) size and going down to 4x4 min coding Unit (CU) size. For camera-taken real-world broadcast video, compared to smaller resolutions, the objects in 8K are larger with respect to the fixed CTU size of VVC. As a result, for such 8K video, less detailed coding in the VVC QTMT may be enough for practical purposes. In this paper, we define a new fast intra-partitioning algorithm for 8K video and compare its performance with Common Test Conditions (CTC) All-Intra (AI) configuration based on the compression efficiency (bits), quality (Y-PSNR, SSIM and MS-SSIM metrics), and computational complexity (runtime). We observe 81.61% runtime gain with only 2.99% increase in bitrate, 0.1339 dB decrease in Y-PSNR, 0.0022 decrease in SSIM and 0.0007 decrease in MS-SSIM on average. This is a remarkable gain in complexity with a limited effect on efficiency and quality.

关键词： VVC H.266 versatile video coding intra-coding CU partitioning texture-based partitioning 8K

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Multitask Learning-Based Early MTT Partition Decision for versatile video coding 1

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3rd CAAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (CICAI)

作者： Liu, Wu Li, Yue Nie, Mingxing Univ South China Hengyang 421009 Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9789819991198

ISBN: (纸本)9789819991181;9789819991198

versatile video coding (VVC) introduces a new block partition structure called Multi-Type Tree (MTT), which includes four partitioning modes: horizontal-vertical binary tree partitioning, horizontal-vertical ternary tree partitioning. This new block partition structure significantly improves compression performance, but at the same time greatly increases the computational complexity of VVC. To reduce the computational complexity of MTT in VVC inter-frame coding, a Multitask learning-Based early MTT partition decision for versatile video coding is proposed. Firstly, for each coding Unit (CU), two types of features related to the optimal MTT partitioning are extracted, namely encoding parameter features and encoding intermediate information features. Secondly, to reduce the number of neural network parameters, the horizontal or vertical partitioning in MTT is jointly learned, and lightweight neural networks are constructed to decide whether to skip the horizontal or vertical partitioning of binary or ternary trees. Experimental results show that under the Random Access (RA) configuration, the proposed method can reduce the VVC inter-frame computational complexity by an average of 27.79%, while only increasing the Bjontegaard delta bit rate (BDBR) by 1.14%.

关键词： versatile video coding Multi-type tree Multi-task learning Block partition

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ALTERNATIVE HALF-SAMPLE INTERPOLATION FILTERS FOR versatile video coding

ALTERNATIVE HALF-SAMPLE INTERPOLATION FILTERS FOR VERSATILE ...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Henkel, Anastasia Zupancic, Ivan Bross, Benjamin Winken, Martin Schwarz, Heiko Marpe, Detlev Wiegand, Thomas Heinrich Hertz Inst Nachrichtentech Berlin GmbH Fraunhofer Inst Telecommun Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066315

To reduce the residual energy of a video signal, motion compensated prediction with fractional-sample accuracy has been successfully employed in modern video coding technology. In contrast to the fixed quarter-sample motion vector resolution for the luma component in High Efficiency video coding standard, the current draft of a new versatile video coding standard introduces a block-level adaptive motion vector resolution (AMVR) scheme. The AMVR allows coding of motion vector difference at different precisions. Nevertheless, the interpolation filters for each fractional sample position are fixed. In this paper, alternative half-luma-sample interpolation filters are proposed. Enabling the interpolation filter selection at a fine granularity allows to better adapt to the local image characteristics. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the average BD-rate of VTM 5.0 reference software by -0.40% for Random Access configuration and by -0.76% for Low Delay P configuration.

关键词： switched half-sample interpolation filter adaptive motion vector resolution versatile video coding

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