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visual complexity of Head-Up Display in Automobiles Modulates Attentional Tunneling

HUMAN FACTORS 2024年第7期66卷 1879-1892页

作者： Lee, Jieun Lee, Nahyun Ju, Jangkyu Chae, Jihwan Park, Jiyoon Ryu, Hoe Sung Cho, Yang Seok Korea Univ Sch Psychol Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Dept Artificial Intelligence Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Sch Psychol 145 Anam Ro Seoul 02841 South Korea

Objective To investigate how the visual complexity of head-up displays (HUDs) influence the allocation of driver's attention in two separate visual domains (near and far domains). Background The types and amount of information displayed on automobile HUDs have increased. With limited human attention capacity, increased visual complexity in the near domain may lead to interference in the effective processing of information in the far domain. Method Near-domain and far-domain vision were separately tested using a dual-task paradigm. In a simulated road environment, 62 participants were to control the speed of the vehicle (SMT;near domain) and manually respond to probes (PDT;far domain) simultaneously. Five HUD complexity levels including a HUD-absent condition were presented block-wise. Results Near domain performance was not modulated by the HUD complexity levels. However, the far domain detection accuracies were impaired as the HUD complexity level increased, with greater accuracy differences observed between central and peripheral probes. Conclusion Increased HUD visual complexity leads to a biased deployment of driver attention toward the central visual field. Therefore, the formulation of HUD designs must be preceded by an in-depth investigation of the dynamics of human cognition. Application To ensure driving safety, HUD designs should be rendered with minimal visual complexity by incorporating only essential information relevant to driving and removing driving-irrelevant or additional visual details.

关键词： attentional tunneling driving simulation head-up display visual complexity

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visual complexity of shapes: a hierarchical perceptual learning model

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visual COMPUTER 2022年第2期38卷 419-432页

作者： Dai, Lingchen Zhang, Kang Zheng, Xianjun Sam Martin, Ralph R. Li, Yina Yu, Jinhui Zhejiang Univ State Key Lab CAD&CG Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China Univ Texas Dallas Dept Comp Sci Dallas TX USA Tsinghua Univ Dept Psychol Beijing Peoples R China Cardiff Univ Sch Comp Sci & Informat Cardiff Wales Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Management Hefei Peoples R China

Understanding how people perceive the visual complexity of shapes has important theoretical as well as practical implications. One school of thought, driven by information theory, focuses on studying the local features that contribute to the perception of visual complexity. Another school, in contrast, emphasizes the impact of global characteristics of shapes on perceived complexity. Inspired by recent discoveries in neuroscience, our model considers both local features of shapes: edge lengths and vertex angles, and global features: concaveness, and is in 92% agreement with human subjective ratings of shape complexity. The model is also consistent with the hierarchical perceptual learning theory, which explains how different layers of neurons in the visual system act together to yield a perception of visual shape complexity.

关键词： Neurons Hierarchical Shape visual complexity Regression analysis

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Pursued spatial perception benefit considering attractiveness and cognitive load: Appropriate visual complexity of indoor commercial space

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JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 2024年 98卷

作者： Chen, Tianyi Wang, Lixiong Huang, Bochao Yu, Juan Wu, Yuting Tianjin Univ Sch Architecture Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Tianjin Key Lab Architectural Phys & Environm Tech Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Univ Jinan Jinan 250024 Peoples R China

From the perspective of controlling cognitive load and increasing attractiveness, this paper aimed to explore appropriate ranges of environmental complexity for avoiding excessive construction and decoration. Subjective evaluation and eye-tracking experiments with visual search tasks were conducted. Cognitive load was evaluated through performance evaluation (response time, accuracy) and a subjective scale (psychological effort, task difficulty);Attractiveness was measured through a subjective scale (willingness to approach, stay, and go shopping). The results indicated that, (1) The regulation of cognitive load and attractiveness by indoor complexity perception followed a quadratic function. When spatial visual complexity was below 4.7/7, attractiveness was greater than cognitive load, with benefits in spatial perception;when complexity was over 4.7, cognitive load exceeded attractiveness, without benefits in spatial perception. (2) Decorative display was a positive environmental element, moderately positively correlated with spatial attractiveness (r = 0.515);Structural elements in buildings and pedestrian were negative environmental elements, moderately positively correlated with cognitive load (r = 0.569, 0.455). (3) Indoor visual perception benefits could be predicted through image features, containing local features (view indexes of decorative display, Structural elements in buildings, and pedestrian) and global features (color moments, feature congestion, sub-band entropy, GLCM correlation). (4) Indoor visual complexity affected cognitive load by influencing fixation and saccade. The mediating effects were 40.74 % and 59.55 % respectively. This paper quantifies the comprehensive value of indoor visual perception by balancing the relationship between attractiveness and cognitive load, which helps to improve the visual environment quality of complex spaces and provide reference for design, optimization, and evaluation of indoor environment.

关键词： Spatial perception visual complexity Cognitive load Attractiveness LED digital media Energy consumption Indoor commercial space

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Role of physical attributes of preferred building facades on perceived visual complexity: a discrete choice experiment (vol 26, pg 13515, 2024)

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ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2024年第5期26卷 13535-13535页

作者： Kashani, S. Mahdi Hashemi Pazhouhanfar, Mahdieh Golestan Univ Dept Architecture Fac Engn Gorgan Golestan Iran

complexity has been known as a crucial psychological factor influencing the evaluation of the building facades preferences. However, little is known about the role of physical attributes of preferred building facades on perceived visual complexity. The objective of this study is to assess perceived visual complexity of urban building facades in terms of physical attribute in different levels. Discrete choice experiments were used to study the perceived visual complexity of preferred building facades. A sample of 213 students from Golestan University evaluated preference and perceived visual complexity of 36 pairs of images based on ten physical attributes of building facades in different levels (material (brick, stone), the contrast of materials (absent, present), color (absent, present), ornament (high, low), curve (straight, curved), vegetation (plants, no plants), windows orientations (vertical, horizontal), fenestration (large, small), articulation (side recesses, flat) and architectural style (modern, classic, traditional). The results revealed that all physical attributes of preferred building facades were found significant on perceived visual complexity expect for three attributes: architectural style, color and window to wall size. Thus, participant preferred a high-ornament facade with curved lines, vegetation, classical style, articulation, contrast between materials, as well as vertical windows. The articulation and ornament attributes were the most significant on perceived visual complexity. The results of this study can help city planners, architects, and designers to design facades with more general preferences and reduce the visual pollution of the cities.

关键词： Building facades Information-processing theory Multinomial logit model visual complexity

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Analyzing the Architectural Style of Railway Stations Based on Geometry and visual complexity: Case Studies of Liaoning Terminal and Beijing Railway Station on the Peking-Mukden Railway

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NEXUS NETWORK JOURNAL 2024年第4期26卷 789-810页

作者： Zhang, Lina Duan, Zhipeng Liu, Fuying Zhang, Qingxuan Northeastern Univ Jangho Architecture Coll Shenyang 110169 Liaoning Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Technol Zhijiang Coll Shaoxing 312030 Zhejiang Peoples R China Ctr Urban Governance Studies Zhejiang Prov Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang Peoples R China

Liaoning terminal and Beijing railway station are significant architectural heritage sites along the Peking-Mukden Railway. Their architectural styles do not only embody their cultural value but also serve as their carriers. This study explores the relationship between the architectural styles of these two stations and their geometric characteristics to uncover the origins and underlying principles of their styles, thereby contributing to their preservation and renovation. By analyzing the geometric systems, order of plans and elevations, and the visual complexity of their elevations, the study provides valuable insights. The classical attributes of these stations are manifested through the use of geometric proportion systems with a considerable fractal dimension, demonstrating continuity across different scales. Conversely, their modernity and national style are reflected in the intricate elevation elements, which exhibit varying fractal dimensions across different elevation layers.

关键词： Liaoning terminal Beijing railway station Geometry visual complexity Style

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Responses to Raven matrices: Governed by visual complexity and centrality

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PERCEPTION 2023年第9期52卷 645-661页

作者： de Winter, Joost C. F. Dodou, Dimitra Eisma, Yke Bauke Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands Delft Univ Technol Dept Cognit Robot Mekelweg 2 NL-2628 CD Delft Netherlands

Raven matrices are widely considered a pure test of cognitive abilities. Previous research has examined the extent to which cognitive strategies are predictive of the number of correct responses to Raven items. This study examined whether response times can be explained directly from the centrality and visual complexity of the matrix cells (edge density and perceived complexity). A total of 159 participants completed a 12-item version of the Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices. In addition to item number (an index of item difficulty), the findings demonstrated a positive correlation between the visual complexity of Raven items and both the mean response time and the number of fixations on the matrix (a strong correlate of response time). Moreover, more centrally placed cells as well as more complex cells received more fixations. It is concluded that response times on Raven matrices are impacted by low-level stimulus attributes, namely, visual complexity and eccentricity.

关键词： Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices eye tracking perception visual complexity attention distribution

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Differential effects of visual complexity in firm-generated content on consumer engagements: a deep learning approach

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MARKETING INTELLIGENCE & PLANNING 2024年第4期42卷 684-703页

作者： Wang, Feng Yue, Mingyue Yuan, Quan Cao, Rong Hunan Univ Business Sch Changsha Peoples R China

PurposeThis research explores the differential effects of pixel-level and object-level visual complexity in firm-generated content (FGC) on consumer engagement in terms of the number of likes and shares, and further investigates the moderating role of image ***/methodology/approachDrawing on a deep learning analysis of 85,975 images on a social media platform in China, this study investigates visual complexity in *** results indicate that pixel-level complexity increases both the number of likes and shares. Object-level complexity has a U-shaped relationship with the number of likes, while it has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the number of shares. Moreover, image brightness mitigates the effect of pixel-level complexity on likes but amplifies the effect on shares;contrarily, it amplifies the effect of object-level complexity on likes, while mitigating its effect on ***/valueAlthough images play a critical role in FGC, visual data analytics has rarely been used in social media research. This study identified two types of visual complexity and investigated their differential effects. We discuss how the processing of information embedded in visual content influences consumer engagement. The findings enrich the literature on social media and visual marketing.

关键词： Firm-generated content visual complexity Image Consumer engagement Deep learning

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visual complexity of urban streetscapes: human vs computer vision

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MACHINE VISION AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第1期35卷 7-7页

作者： Florio, Pietro Leduc, Thomas Sutter, Yannick Bremond, Roland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL Renewable Energies Cluster ENAC Stn 18 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland Nantes Univ Ecole Cent Nantes ENSA Nantes CNRSAAU CRENAUUMR 1563 F-44000 Nantes France Univ Gustave Eiffel CoSys Dept PICS L lab 16 Blvd Newton F-77420 Champs Sur Marne Marne France

Understanding visual complexity of urban environments may improve urban design strategies and limit visual pollution due to advertising, road signage, telecommunication systems and machinery. This paper aims at quantifying visual complexity specifically in urban streetscapes, by submitting a collection of geo-referenced photographs to a group of more than 450 internet users. The average complexity ranking issued from this survey was compared with a set of computer vision predictions, attempting to find the optimal match. Overall, a computer vision indicator matching comprehensively the survey outcome did not clearly emerge from the analysis, but a set of perceptual hypotheses demonstrated that some categories of stimuli are more relevant. The results show how images with contrasting colour regions and sharp edges are more prone to drive the feeling of high complexity.

关键词： visual complexity Streetscapes Computer vision Perception

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Optimizing visual complexity for Physiologically-Adaptive VR Systems: Evaluating a Multimodal Dataset using EDA, ECG and EEG Features 24

Optimizing Visual Complexity for Physiologically-Adaptive VR...

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17th International Conference on Advanced visual Interfaces (AVI)

作者： Chiossi, Francesco Ou, Changkun Mayer, Sven Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717642

Physiologically-adaptive Virtual Reality systems dynamically adjust virtual content based on users' physiological signals to enhance interaction and achieve specific goals. However, as different users' cognitive states may underlie multivariate physiological patterns, adaptive systems necessitate a multimodal evaluation to investigate the relationship between input physiological features and target states for efficient user modeling. Here, we investigated a multimodal dataset (EEG, ECG, and EDA) while interacting with two different adaptive systems adjusting the environmental visual complexity based on EDA. Increased visual complexity led to increased alpha power and alpha-theta ratio, reflecting increased mental fatigue and workload. At the same time, EDA exhibited distinct dynamics with increased tonic and phasic components. Integrating multimodal physiological measures for adaptation evaluation enlarges our understanding of the impact of system adaptation on users' physiology and allows us to account for it and improve adaptive system design and optimization algorithms.

关键词： Physiological Computing Virtual Reality Adaptive Systems visual complexity

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CHARACTERISTICS OF visual complexity: CALLIGRAPHIC FONTS VS. PRINTED FONTS

CHARACTERISTICS OF VISUAL COMPLEXITY: CALLIGRAPHIC FONTS VS....

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Wang, Yuchen Lyu, Ruimin Jiangnan Univ Jiangsu Key Univ Lab Software & Media Technol Hum Wuxi Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379822;9798350379815

The Chinese characters possess diverse calligraphic styles and corresponding calligraphers. These styles are evidently manifested on a visual level, stemming from certain visual disparities between calligraphic characters and common characters. We aim to explore the specific visual disparities that distinguish calligraphic characters from standard ones, endowing them with higher levels of recognition difficulty and artistic value. This can help evaluate to what extent AI-generated calligraphic characters match a specific calligraphy style. To achieve this, we leveraged research findings on visual complexity to measure various aspects of complexity for a certain number of calligraphic characters and printed characters. We found that the significant differences in visual complexity between the two lie in perimeter complexity, terminations, and intersections. Based on the findings, we evaluated the quality of calligraphic characters generated by Midjourney. They basically possess the common characteristics of calligraphic characters, but do not quite match the specified calligraphic style.

关键词： visual complexity writing systems Chinese calligraphic AI calligraphic

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