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visual functions in congenital hemiplegia

NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY 1999年第2期21卷 59-68页

作者： Porro, G van Nieuwenhuizen, O Wittebol-Post, D Schenk-Rootlieb, AJF Treffers, WF Univ Utrecht FC Donders Inst Ophthalmol Utrecht Netherlands Univ Utrecht Dept Child Neurol Utrecht Netherlands Univ Utrecht Dept Pediat Utrecht Netherlands

Background: Cerebral lesions causing hemiplegia can affect the retrochiasmatical visual pathways. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate visual function in children suffering from congenital hemiplegia. Methods: Twenty children (mean age: 5 yrs, 5 mo;SD: 2 Yrs II mo) underwent orthoptic and ophthalmological examinations, visual acuity was assessed using the Acuity Card Procedure and standard optotypes, In addition, visual fields were assessed using conventional perimetry (Goldmann's perimeter or Peritest) or behavioral test (BEFIE test), Results: A remarkable finding was that 75% of the subjects showed a visual field defect, mainly homolateral to the hemiplegic side and contralateral to the (most extensive) cerebral lesions. Conclusion: visual functions of children suffering from congenital hemiplegia should be routinely assessed, with particular attention to the visual field.

关键词： congenital hemiplegia children visual functions visual field

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visual functions and disability in diabetic retinopathy patients

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Journal of Optometry 2014年第1期7卷 37-43页

作者： Shrestha, Gauri Shankar Kaiti, Raju B.P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies Institute of Medicine Tribhuvan University Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Ophthalmology Kathmandu University Medical College Dhulikhel Nepal

Purpose: This study was undertaken to find correlations between visual functions and visual disabilities in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 38 visually impaired diabetic retinopathy subjects at the Low Vision Clinic of B.P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Kathmandu. The subjects underwent assessment of distance and near visual acuity, objective and subjective refraction, contrast sensitivity, color vision, and central and peripheral visual fields. The visual disabilities of each subject in their daily lives were evaluated using a standard questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis between visual functions and visual disabilities index was assessed. Result: The majority of quitar subjects (42.1%) were of the age group 60-70 years. Best corrected visual acuity was found to be 0.73 ± 0.2 in the better eye and 0.93 ± 0.27 in the worse eye, which was significantly different at p = 0.002. visual disability scores were significantly higher for legibility of letters (1.2 ± 0.3) and sentences (1.4 ± 0.4), and least for clothing (0.7 ± 0.3). visual disability index for legibility of letters and sentences was significantly correlated with near visual acuity and peripheral visual field. Contrast sensitivity was also significantly correlated with the visual disability index, and total scores. Conclusion: Impairment of near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and peripheral visual field correlated significantly with different types of visual disability. Hence, these clinical tests should be an integral part of the visual assessment of diabetic eyes. © 2013 Spanish General Council of Optometry.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy visual disabilities visual functions

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visual functions and functional vision

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International Congress Series 2005年 1282卷 482-486页

作者： Colenbrander, August Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute San Francisco United States

ICF and ICIDH recognize various aspects of vision loss. Within this framework we use the term visual functions to describe how well the eye and visual system function;functional vision is used to describe how well the person functions in vision-related activities. Optimizing the relationship between these two aspects is the goal of Vision Rehabilitation. Assessments to identify rehabilitation priorities are different from the usual clinical assessments to find underlying disorders. Most tests of visual functions were developed for clinical diagnostic use and thus are not optimized for assessment of functional vision. To base rehabilitation eligibility rules (e.g. "legal blindness") exclusively on visual function measurement (e.g. 20/200 in the US, 3/60 in other countries) reflects a misunderstanding of this important distinction. This paper traces developments since the presentation of the "Guide for the Evaluation of visual Impairment" at Vision-99 (ISLRR, 1999) to the implementation of its principles in the AMA "Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment" (AMA, 2001), to the report on "visual Standards-Aspects and Ranges of Vision Loss" (International Council of Ophthalmology, 2002) and to the "Consultation on the Development of Standards for Characterization of Vision Loss and visual Functioning" (WHO, 2003). © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Assessment Disability Functional vision Rehabilitation visual functions

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Deficits in visual functions and neuropsychological inconsistency in Borderline Personality Disorder

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PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH 2006年第2-3期145卷 127-135页

作者： Beblo, Thomas Saavedra, Anamaria Silva Mensebach, Christoph Lange, Wolfgang Markowitsch, Hans-Joachim Rau, Harald Woermann, Friedrich G. Driessen, Martin Ev Hosp Bielefeld Clin Psychiat & Psychotherapy Bethel Div Res Evaluat & Documentat D-33617 Bielefeld Germany Univ Bielefeld Dept Physiol Psychol D-4800 Bielefeld Germany Mara Hosp Bethel Epilepsy Ctr MRI Unit Bielefeld Germany

For Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) cognitive and perceptual impairments were reported in some but not all studies. The aim of the present study was to analyze the neuropsychological performance of BPD patients in different domains. Predominant impairments of visual functions and an increased intra-individual variation of test performances within neuropsychological domains were expected. We investigated 22 patients with BPD and a matched sample of 22 healthy control subjects. A comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological test battery was administered. Effect sizes indicate primarily deficits of visual functions such as visual memory (Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, WMS-R: visual pair associates and visual reproduction, Complex Figure Test: Recall) and visuo-spatial abilities (Leistungspruefsystem, LPS 9 and 10: Spatial imagination and embedded figures), but also of executive functions (Tower of Hanoi, Trail Making Test-B, semantic and figural fluency, LPS 4: Reasoning). In addition, the intra-individual ranges of neuropsychological test results in BPD patients were increased compared to those of healthy subjects. This finding might be due to a high degree of temporary stress that interferes with effective cognitive processing. Further research is needed to confirm the present results and to control for stress during the test procedure. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Borderline Personality Disorder neuropsychology visual functions tests

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Effects of subtenon-injected autologous platelet-rich plasma on visual functions in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa: preliminary clinical results

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GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY 2018年第5期256卷 893-908页

作者： Arslan, Umut Ozmert, Emin Demirel, Sibel Ornek, Firdevs Sermet, Figen Ankara Numune Training & Res Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Ankara Turkey Ankara Univ Dept Ophthalmol Fac Med Ankara Turkey Vehbi Koc Goz Hastanesi Cebeci Tip Fak Goz Hastaliklari Ana Bilimdali Mamak Caddesi Dikimevi Ankara Dikimevi Ankara Turkey

One of the main reasons for apoptosis and dormant cell phases in degenerative retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is growth factor withdrawal in the cellular microenvironment. Growth factors and neurotrophins can significantly slow down retinal degeneration and cell death in animal models. One possible source of autologous growth factors is platelet-rich plasma. The purpose of this study was to determine if subtenon injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma (aPRP) can have beneficial effects on visual function in RP patients by reactivating dormant photoreceptors. This prospective open-label clinical trial, conducted between September 2016 and February 2017, involved 71 eyes belonging to 48 RP patients with various degrees of narrowed visual field. Forty-nine eyes belonging to 37 patients were injected with aPRP. A comparison group was made up of 11 patients who had symmetrical bilateral narrowed visual field (VF) of both eyes. Among these 11 patients, one eye was injected with aPRP, while the other eye was injected with autologous platelet-poor plasma (aPPP) to serve as a control. The total duration of the study was 9 weeks: the aPRP or aPPP subtenon injections were applied three times, with 3-week intervals between injections, and the patients were followed for three more weeks after the third injection. visual acuity (VA) tests were conducted on all patients, and VF, microperimetry (MP), and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) tests were conducted on suitable patients to evaluate the visual function changes before and after the aPRP or aPPP injections. The best-corrected visual acuity values in the ETDRS chart improved by 11.6 letters (from 70 to 81.6 letters) in 19 of 48 eyes following aPRP application;this result, however, was not statistically significant (p = 0.056). Following aPRP injections in 48 eyes, the mean deviation of the VF values improved from - 25.3 to - 23.1 dB (p = 0.0001). Results regarding the mfERG P1 amplitudes improved

关键词： Retinitis pigmentosa Growth factors Platelet-rich plasma visual functions

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STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF visual functions IN DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE AUTOSOMAL PIGMENTARY RETINOPATHY

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DOCUMENTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA 1986年第3期62卷 265-280页

作者： DEROUCK, A DEBIE, S KAYEMBE, D ACAD HOSP GHENT DEPT MED GENETB-9000 GHENTBELGIUM

A statistical study of the progress of fundus lesions and functional loss in relation with age and with inheritance modus was performed in patients with pigmentary retinopathy. A three-way interaction was found between following parameters: (1) inheritance modus, age and pigment anomalies of the fundus; (2) inheritance modus, age and visual field; (3) inheritance modus, age and ERG; (4) inheritance modus, vision and ERG; (5) inheritance modus, dark adaptation and visual field.

关键词： pigmentary retinopathy mode of inheritance fundus lesions visual functions ERG age statistical study

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DOES THE LYMPH-DRAINAGE FROM THE HEAD INFLUENCE AQUEOUS-HUMOR OUTFLOW AND visual functions

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ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA 1991年第4期69卷 527-529页

作者： HOLLO, G PAP, G BAGI, ZT KOVACSOVICS, B SEMMELWEIS UNIV MED SCH MEDDEPT DENT & ORAL SURGH-1085 BUDAPEST 8HUNGARY SEMMELWEIS UNIV MED SCH MEDDEPT OTORHINOLARYNGOLH-1085 BUDAPEST 8HUNGARY

Effect of lymphoedema of the head on the central nervous system is known. Possible changes in intraocular pressure, tonogram, electroretinogram, visual functions and ophthalmologic state was studied in animal experiments and in patients following serious surgical impairment of the cervical lymph drainage. Lymph drainage from the orbit to the deep cervical lymphatics was established, while no ophthalmologic alteration was detected after surgery.

关键词： CERVICAL LYMPHOSTASIS INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE TONOGRAPHY visual functions

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Mid-range visual functions in relation to higher-order visual functions after stroke

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY 2022年第8期44卷 580-591页

作者： van den Berg, Nils S. Lammers, Nikki A. Smits, Anouk R. Lugtmeijer, Selma Pinto, Yair De Haan, Edward H. F. Univ Amsterdam Dept Psychol Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Groningen Dept Neurol Groningen Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Amsterdam Dept Neurol Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Utrecht Dept Neurol Utrecht Netherlands Radboud Univ Nijmegen Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Oxford St Hughs Coll Oxford England Univ Amsterdam Dept Psychol Nieuwe Achtergracht 129 B NL-1018 WT Amsterdam Netherlands

IntroductionWe aimed to investigate whether associations between deficits in "mid-range" visual functions and deficits in higher-order visual cognitive functions in stroke patients are more in line with a hierarchical, two-pathway model of the visual brain, or with a patchwork model, which assumes a parallel organization with many processing routes and *** group of 182 ischemic stroke patients was assessed with a new diagnostic set-up for the investigation of a comprehensive range of visuosensory mid-range functions: color, shape, location, orientation, correlated motion, contrast and texture. With logistic regression analyses we investigated the predictive value of these mid-range functions for deficits in visuoconstruction (Copy of the Rey-Complex Figure Test), visual emotion recognition (Ekman 60 Faces Test of the FEEST) and visual memory (computerized Doors-test).ResultsResults showed that performance on most mid-range visual tasks could not predict performance on higher-order visual cognitive tasks. Correlations were low to weak. Impaired visuoconstruction and visual memory were only modestly predicted by a worse location perception. Impaired emotion perception was modestly predicted by a worse orientation perception. In addition, double dissociations were found: there were patients with selective deficits in mid-range visual functions without higher-order visual deficits and vice *** findings are not in line with the hierarchical, two-pathway model. Instead, the findings are more in line with alternative "patchwork" models, arguing for a parallel organization with many processing routes and cross-talk. However, future studies are needed to test these alternative models.

关键词： visual functions stroke Two-visual pathway model patchwork model higher-order cognitive functions mid-range visual functions

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Effects of apomorphine on visual functions in Parkinson's disease

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JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION 2000年第1期107卷 87-94页

作者： Büttner, T Müller, T Kuhn, W Ruhr Univ Bochum St Josef Hosp Dept Neurol D-44791 Bochum Germany

The effect of apomorphine on visual functions in Parkinson's disease (PD) was evaluated by use of a static contrast sensitivity test (VCTS charts), a colour discrimination test (Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test) and the examination of achromatic and chromatic contour perception. 31 patients (14 male, 17 female;mean age 60.9 +/- 9.2 years) with idiopathic PD were tested before and after an indivdual dosage of subcutaneously applied apomorphine showing a significant effect on motor function during the whole experiment. The achromatic spatial contrast sensitivity improved significantly after apomorphine injection with respect to all spatial frequencies. The improvement of colour discrimination after apomorphine application was minimal and not statistically significant. The small advantage of apomorphine with respect to colour discrimination may be explained by negative cognitive side-effects of apomorphine interfering with the test performance. The achromatic contour perception before and after apomorphine injection was unaltered. The contour fusion latency for the green stimulus was shortened, the latency for the rest of the examined coloured stimuli was delayed (=normalized) after apomorphine application. We conclude that apomorphine may be used as a test-drug for the examination of the dopaminergic response of the visual system in patients with PD. The improvement of basal visual functions by dopaminergic stimulation with apomorphine underlines the role of dopamine deficiency for visual dysfunction in PD.

关键词： Parkinson's disease visual functions colour discrimination contrast sensitivity apomorphine

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Effect of changing mesopic and photopic light conditions on visual functions

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第8期16卷 1287-1292页

作者： Fatemeh Mosayebi Seyyed Mehdi Tabatabaee Haleh Kangari Saeed Rahmani Department of Optometry School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 19839-63113Iran Department of Biostatistics School of RehabilitationShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 19839-63113Iran

AIM:To determine the effects of change in light conditions on refractive error and visual functions including visual acuity,stereopsis and contrast ***:This cross-sectional study was conducted in the optometry clinic of the Shahid Beheshti School of Rehabilitation on 48 students in *** of them had eye health and normal visual function and could have refractive errors or *** intensity of 4 lx was considered equivalent to photopic light condition and light intensity of 1 lx was considered to be equivalent to mesopic light *** amount of refractive error was checked by auto refractometer and its changes in mesopic light condition were subjectively ***,visual acuity,stereopsis and contrast sensitivity(in five spatial frequencies of 1.5,3,6,12,and 18 cycles per degree),were measured first in photopic light condition and then in mesopic light condition,by Snellen control vision chart,stereo butterfly test and the M&S technology monitor test ***:In the 48 student subjects with an average age of 22.69±3.56y,mean of refractive error as sphere equivalent,visual acuity and stereopsis were-1.25±1.74 diopters,0 logMAR,44.37±13.03 seconds of arc,respectively in photopic light condition while in mesopic light was equal to-1.56±1.75 diopters,0.12±0.09 logMAR and 50.62±33.35 seconds of arc,*** mean of contrast sensitivity measured at spatial frequencies of 1.5,3,6,12,and 18 cycles per degree in photopic condition was equal to 2.38±0.04,2.37±0.07,2.04±0.21,1.27±0.32,0.82±0.27 logarithm of contrast sensitivity,respectively and in mesopic lighting condition was equal to 2.34±0.12,2.30±0.16,1.84±0.28,1.02±0.28,0.63±0.24 logarithm of contrast sensitivity,*** analysis showed a significant difference between the two lighting conditions in all evaluated variables[refractive error(P<0.001),visual acuity(P<0.001),stereopsis(P=0.008)and contrast sensitivity(P<0.001)].CONCLUSION:The refractive

关键词： mesopic light condition photopic light condition visual performance visual acuity stereopsis contrast sensitivity visual functions

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