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2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2025

作者： Krebs, Eva Beckmann, Tom Geier, Leonard Grenda, Jonathan Ramson, Stefan Hirschfeld, Robert Hasso Plattner Institute University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany Hasso-Plattner-Institut Brandenburg Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713941

Creating games involves frequent prototyping to quickly obtain feedback. In this paper, we explore the impact of removing a traditional game engine's separation of scene and game logic that supports scalability to large projects and, instead, combine scene and game logic in a single view. In our tool, Pronto, designers connect game objects with visual representations of behavior to define game logic in the scene view, thus exposing any concern of the prototype to the designer within one click. To explore the implications of the trade-off between scalability and speed of access, we conducted a cognitive walkthrough and an explorative user study comparing prototyping in the Godot game engine and in Pronto. Godot's separate views made it appear more structured and reliable to users, while Pronto's scattered game logic accelerated editing and gave users the impression of progressing faster in their implementation. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： game programming game prototyping visual programming

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SPArK-Bot: An Educational Robotic Platform 13

SPArK-Bot: An Educational Robotic Platform

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13th IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (IEEE EDUCON)

作者： Parikh, Parth Kalamdane, Shantanu Rasal, Akash Mundada, Khushboo Kalshetti, Urmila Pune Vidyarthi Grihas Coll Engn & Technol Comp Engn Dept Pune Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665444347

The subjects of programming and robotics are quintessential subjects in today's world. The use of development boards like the Raspberry Pi and Arduino are making huge inroads into schools where they are used to teach the aforementioned subjects. But as the study explored, better interfaces can be built to simplify its ease of use and that is the motivation that has led to the development of the 'SPArK-Bot' - an all batteries-included educational robot that has the versatility of the Raspberry Pi with the simplicity of the Arduino all combined in a package that incentivizes the students to practice programming in a hands-on manner. Using standard hardware, but presenting them in a simple, fault tolerant way with tutorials to guide the students every step of the way resulted in a positive reaction from our evaluators with it scoring a perfect 'A Grade' on the System Usability Scale (SUS). These evaluators include school students who are new to programming and college students who are well versed with the basics of programming. The college going students find that they can test out their ideas and easily prototype their proof of concept solutions and even use it in competitions. This system can be incorporated into existing curriculum and holistically help raise the bar for practical exposure and learning in this domain.

关键词： visual programming project based learning educational programs programming environments computer tutorials

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Relationships between computational thinking and the quality of computer programs

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EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022年第6期27卷 8289-8310页

作者： Boom, Kay-Dennis Bower, Matt Siemon, Jens Arguel, Amael Univ Hamburg Dept Vocat & Business Educ Hamburg Germany Macquarie Univ Sch Educ Bldg 29WW Room 238Balaclava Rd North Ryde Sydney NSW 2109 Australia Univ Toulouse CNRS CLLE Toulouse France

Computational thinking - the ability to reformulate and solve problems in ways that can be undertaken by computers - has been heralded as a foundational capability for the 21st Century. However, there are potentially different ways to conceptualise and measure computational thinking, for instance, as generalized problem solving capabilities or as applied practice during computer programming tasks, and there is little evidence to substantiate whether higher computational thinking capabilities using either of these measures result in better quality computer programs. This study examines the relationship between different forms of computational thinking and two different measures of programming quality for a group of 37 pairs of pre-service teachers. General computational thinking capabilities were measured using Bebras tests, while applied computational thinking processes were measured using a Computational Thinking Behavioural Scheme. The quality of computer programs was measured using a qualitative rubric, and programs were also assessed using the Dr Scratch auto-grading platform. The Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (3rd edition, TONI-3) was used to test for confounding effects. While significant correlations between both measures of computational thinking and program quality were detected, regression analysis revealed that only applied computational thinking processes significantly predicted program quality (general computational thinking capability and non-verbal intelligence were not significant predictors). The results highlight the importance of students developing applied computational thinking procedural capabilities more than generalized computational thinking capabilities in order to improve the quality of their computer programs.

关键词： Computational thinking visual programming Scratch Program quality

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A Language Based on Two Relations between Symbols

A Language Based on Two Relations between Symbols

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ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on programming and Software (Onward!)

作者： Rafael Martinez, Agustin Univ Buenos Aires Buenos Aires DF Argentina

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399098

We present a language with all the power of abstraction and the simplicity of two fundamental relations: substitution and categorization. With a graphic symbol representing each one of them, we created a playful visual programming environment aimed at teaching with high expressive power. This environment includes tools to inspect the program execution and a console to try visual expressions. This is achieved without resorting to text, since the symbols are user-defined drawings. To address complex problems, the language offers another set of tools to define text-based programs. Here we show a functional prototype of our rule-based, general-purpose declarative programming language.

关键词： general-purpose programming languages visual programming computer science education

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Implementing Digital Twins via micro-frontends, micro-services, and web 3D

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COMPUTERS & GRAPHICS-UK 2024年 121卷

作者： Simoes, Bruno Carretero, Maria del Puy Martinez, Jorge Munoz, Sebastian Alcain, Nieves Basque Res & Technol Alliance BRTA Vicomtech Fdn Mikeletegi 57 San Sebastian 20009 Spain Segula Technol Grp Avda Bruselas 8-oficina 8 Vitoria Spain Robert Bosch Espana SLU Calle Hermanos Garcia Noblejas 19 Madrid 28037 Spain ALECOP SCoop Loramendi 11 Arrasate Mondragon 20500 Spain

The introduction of Digital Twin (DT) technology has sparked interest in virtual replication of physical assets and processes. However, to fully capitalize on DT's potential, we need robust and scalable frontend solutions. This study proposes an innovative approach to overcome the limitations of traditional monolithic frontend frameworks by leveraging micro -frontend technologies. Our goal is to enable seamless connectivity between DTs and develop tailored presentation layers by decomposing complex systems into modular web -based DTs. Additionally, our framework tackles the challenges posed by multi-vendor elements within DTs and facilitates service and virtual environment orchestration for seamless integration and operation, enabling real-time data exchange between virtual models and physical machinery. Insights from its implementation across various applications, including training, monitoring, and control, shed light on its advantages and limitations. This research aims to revolutionize DT creation and management by introducing a scalable and adaptable framework designed to enable Web 3D for Industry and Manufacturing. By integrating cutting-edge micro -frontend technologies, our approach seeks to enhance maintainability, efficiency, and productivity. However, potential limitations such as code duplication and app payload concerns must be acknowledged. Future research will address these limitations to broaden applicability and improve performance. Overall, our proposed framework offers promising solutions to many challenges in industrial settings, paving the way for more efficient and effective DT deployment and management.

关键词： Web 3D Digital Twins (DTs) Micro-frontends Industry 4.0 Manufacturing industry visual programming Immersive environments

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An Immersive Virtual Reality System for Rodents in Behavioral and Neural Research

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2021年第5期18卷 838-848页

作者： Li Liu Zi-Yang Wang Yu Liu Chun Xu Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology Shanghai 200031China Institute of Neuroscience Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Context cognition involves abstractly deriving meaning from situational information in the world and is an important psychological function of higher cognition. However, due to the complexity of contextual information processing, along with the lack of relevant technical tools, little remains known about the neural mechanisms and behavioral regulation of context cognition. At present, behavioral training with rodents using virtual reality techniques is considered a potential key for uncovering the neurobiological mechanisms of context cognition. Although virtual reality technology has been preliminarily applied in the study of context cognition in recent years, there remains a lack of virtual scenario integration of multi-sensory information, along with a need for convenient experimental design platforms for researchers who have little programming experience. Therefore, in order to solve problems related to the authenticity, immersion, interaction, and flexibility of rodent virtual reality systems, an immersive virtual reality system based on visual programming was constructed in this study. The system had the ability to flexibly modulate rodent interactive 3 D dynamic experimental environments. The system included a central control unit, virtual perception unit, virtual motion unit, virtual vision unit, and video recording unit. The neural circuit mechanisms in various environments could be effectively studied by combining two-photon imaging and other neural activity recording methods. In addition, to verify the proposed system′s performance, licking experiments were conducted with experimental mice. The results demonstrated that the system could provide a new method and tool for analyzing the neural circuits of the higher cognitive functions in rodents.

关键词： Virtual space flexible control multi-sensory interactions visual programming context cognition

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A Study of Deployable Structures Based on Nature Inspired Curved-Crease Folding

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POLYMERS 2024年第6期16卷 766页

作者： Dutta, Gaurab Sundar Meiners, Dieter Ziegmann, Gerhard Tech Univ Clausthal Inst Polymer Mat & Plast Technol Agricolastr 6 D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld Germany

Fascinating 3D shapes arise when a thin planar sheet is folded without stretching, tearing or cutting. The elegance amplifies when the fold/crease is changed from a straight line to a curve, due to the association of plastic deformation via folding and elastic deformation via bending. This results in the curved crease working as a hinge support providing deployability to the surface which is of significant interest in industrial engineering and architectural design. Consequently, finding a stable form of curved crease becomes pivotal in the development of deployable structures. This work proposes a novel way to evaluate such curves by taking inspiration from biomimicry. For this purpose, growth mechanism in plants was observed and an analogous model was developed to create a discrete curve of fold. A parametric model was developed for digital construction of the folded models. Test cases were formulated to compare the behavior of different folded models under various loading conditions. A simplified way to visualize the obtained results is proposed using visual programming tools. The models were further translated into physical prototypes with the aid of 3D printing, hybrid and cured-composite systems, where different mechanisms were adopted to achieve the folds. The prototypes were further tested under constrained boundary and compressive loading conditions, with results validating the analytical model.

关键词： folding curved crease deployable structures biomimicry parametric modeling visual programming 3D printing composite systems

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A reusable & reconfigurable Citizen Observatory platform

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FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE 2021年 114卷 195-208页

作者： Zaman, Jesse Kambona, Kennedy De Meuter, Wolfgang Vrije Univ Brussel Pl Laan 2 B-1050 Brussels Belgium

The emergence of participatory sensing has led to a broad spectrum of supporting systems for environmental and behavioural monitoring, using various mobile applications and sensors attached to mobile devices. Existing research in participatory sensing focuses on systems that are only applicable to their specific application domains, and have little support for reconfigurability. In this article we present FLAMENCO, a reusable and reconfigurable platform for deploying and monitoring collaborative participatory sensing projects. FLAMENCO is designed around the notion of Citizen Observatories to coordinate community-based participatory sensing activities. The platform employs the use of flow-based visual programming to provide a graphical interface that campaign organisers can use to design reusable application components. The platform further uses reactive programming techniques for data collection and reactive processing to provide real-time monitoring and automated orchestration. We validate the expressiveness and suitability of the citizen observatory platform by successfully designing, enacting and monitoring real-world participatory sensing campaigns. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Participatory sensing Citizen science visual programming

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Engaging end-user driven recommender systems: personalization through web augmentation

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2021年第5期80卷 6785-6809页

作者： Wischenbart, Martin Firmenich, Sergio Rossi, Gustavo Bosetti, Gabriela Kapsammer, Elisabeth Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Linz Austria Univ Nacl La Plata Lab Invest & Formac Informat Avanzada LIFIA La Plata Argentina Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn La Plata Argentina Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Dept Cooperat Informat Syst CIS Linz Austria

In the past decades recommender systems have become a powerful tool to improve personalization on the Web. Yet, many popular websites lack such functionality, its implementation usually requires certain technical skills, and, above all, its introduction is beyond the scope and control of end-users. To alleviate these problems, this paper presents a novel tool to empower end-users without programming skills, without any involvement of website providers, to embed personalized recommendations of items into arbitrary websites on client-side. For this we have developed a generic meta-model to capture recommender system configuration parameters in general as well as in a web augmentation context. Thereupon, we have implemented a wizard in the form of an easy-to-use browser plug-in, allowing the generation of so-called user scripts, which are executed in the browser to engage collaborative filtering functionality from a provided external rest service. We discuss functionality and limitations of the approach, and in a study with end-users we assess the usability and show its suitability for combining recommender systems with web augmentation techniques, aiming to empower end-users to implement controllable recommender applications for a more personalized browsing experience.

关键词： Web augmentation visual programming Client-side personalization End-user programming End-user development Controllability of recommender systems Browser-side trans-coding

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Design and Implementation of a programming Learning Support System Using the Concepts of Physical visualization and Serious Gaming

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第11期10卷 197-223页

作者： Noriyuki Ishiguro Yusuke Saitoh Kazuhiro Yamamoto Hirohide Haga Graduate School of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan

The purpose of this research is the design and implementation of a support system for learning programming. To archive this purpose, in this article, we propose a Puzzle programming System that uses jigsaw puzzles as an example of the application of physical visualization, which visualizes logical constraints to physical ones. This Puzzle programming System aims to teach basic programming concepts by presenting the invisible constraints of programming language syntax using the visual constraints of jigsaw puzzle pieces. This system runs on an Apple iPad and was developed using the Unity game engine. We used YAML as a data format for serializing structured data for data management. By inviting high school students to try out a prototype, we could confirm the usefulness of the Puzzle programming System. The experimental evaluation results also shed light on aspects of the game that need to be redesigned and parts where the visual programming model needs to be modified and expanded.

关键词： Serious Gaming Augmented Reality visual programming Constraint visualization

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