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Exploring the influence of favorite projects on programming skill improvement: analyzing the longitudinal dataset of 5 years of public activity on scratch social media

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ETR&D-EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 2023年第2期71卷 295-312页

作者： Lian, Erin Lin, Jiaju Zhang, Jiping East China Normal Univ 3663 Zhongshanbei Rd Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China

Scratch is widely used as an introductory educational tool for computer programming. However, little is known about how the action of adding favorite projects on Scratch social media influences programming skill improvement. On Scratch social media, learners select personally intriguing projects to view and learn from. Favorite projects both motivate users to participate on social media and serve as scaffolding material for learners. In this study, we analyzed a dataset of 50,786 users from 5 years of longitudinal activities on Scratch social media using the Zones of Proximal Flow theory. To understand how favorite projects influence learners, we compared the frequency of social media use and programming skill improvement between users who did and did not add favorite projects, and we found a significant difference in programming skill improvement. Among users with favorite projects, there is a proximal difference of two to five Dr. Scratch scores of the favorite project above users' capability level, which maximizes the frequency of social media use and programming skill improvement.

关键词： Educational social media Scratch visual programming language Zones of proximal flow Computational thinking

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Reflex-in: Generate Music on the Web with Real-time Brain Wave

Reflex-in: Generate Music on the Web with Real-time Brain Wa...

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32nd World Wide Web Conference (WWW)

作者： Ren, Shihong Bufa, Michel Schalk, Gerwin Pottier, Laurent Yu, Yang Shanghai Conservatory Mus SKLMA Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Jean Monnet ECLLA St Etienne France Univ Cote dAzur CNRS INRIA Nice France Tianqiao & Chrissy Chen Inst Menlo Pk CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394161

Refex-in is a sound installation that uses brain-wave streams to create music composition within the Web environment in real time. The work incorporates various state-of-the-art Web technologies, including Web Audio, WebSocket, WebAssembly, and WebGL. The music generated from the algorithm - mapping brain wave signal to musical events - aims to produce a form of furniture music that is relaxing and meditative, possibly therapeutic. This efect can be further enhanced through binaural beats or other forms of auditory stimulation, also known as "digital drugs," which can be enabled through the user interface. The system represents a potential avenue for the development of closed-loop brain-computer interfaces by using the listener's own brain waves as the source of musical stimuli, which can be used for therapeutic or medical purposes.

关键词： music brain wave web audio visual programming language

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Chaldene: Towards visual programming Image Processing in Jupyter Notebooks

Chaldene: Towards Visual Programming Image Processing in Jup...

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2022 IEEE Symposium on visual languages and Human-Centric Computing

作者： Chen, Fei Slusallek, Philipp Mueller, Martin Dahmen, Tim German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence DFKI Saarbrucken Germany Saarland Univ Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665442152;9781665442145

Jupyter Notebook [1] is an open source, interactive computing platform widely used in the scientific computing and artificial intelligence community [2], [3], [4], [5]. The popularity of the platform is a consequence of the generated single notebook document combining source code, markdown, and visualizations (Fig.1). This makes the platform ideal for tasks such as data analysis and scientific image processing, where repeatability and transparency of analysis tasks are just as important as functionality and performance. However, the obligatory use of code is an obstacle to acceptance of the platform in scientific communities where programming is not generally taught in the curriculum. Consequently, many experimental communities rely on manual image processing using graphical user interfaces [6], [7], [8]. The obvious disadvantages are the lack of repeatability, transparency, and precision in image processing and data analysis tasks. To solve these issues, we propose to extend Jupyter Notebook with visual programming cells. In each visual programming cell, users can create the program by assembling graphical nodes that represent computational instructions, and the textual program is automatically generated and executed by the environment. Cells will support version control aware serialization and deserialization. The core innovation of our proposed work lies in a change of workflow and the adaption of a jupyter-based workflow in experimental communities that have no culture of working with source code. The system can be adapted to multiple applications and domains by integrating new node types. We hereby present an early version of the system and provide one use case from microscopy image processing to demonstrate the integration of existing non-Python software.

关键词： VPL visual programming language graphical programming Jupyter Notebook image processing

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Evaluation of Orange data mining software and examples for lecturing machine learning tasks in geoinformatics

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2024年第4期32卷 e22735-e22735页

作者： Dobesova, Zdena Palacky Univ Olomouc Fac Sci Dept Geoinformat Olomouc Czech Republic Palacky Univ Olomouc Fac Sci Dept Geoinformat 17 listopadu Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic

The study presents the advantages of, and possible uses for, Orange software for data mining in combination with processing spatial data by ArcGIS Pro software in education. To present suitability of Orange software in education, the scientific method of Physics of Notation by D. Moody is used to evaluate the Orange software's visual vocabulary. All nine principles are applied in the presented evaluation. As a result, a high level of effective cognition of the Orange visual vocabulary is proven by this method. Namely, the semantic transparency of visual vocabulary, thanks the explicit inner icons, is semantically immediate. Also, principle of dual coding is used properly by automatic text labels of graphical symbols with the opportunity to rename labels. Renaming is also a way to ensure the partial overloading of symbols found by the first principle of semiotic clarity. The principle of cognitive interaction is partially fulfilled by automatically reorganizing connector lines between symbols to reduce the crossing of lines. A high level of effective cognition is beneficial for students. The evaluation of the visual notation of Orange software is presented to inform teachers and the geoinformatics community of the highly effective cognitive aspects of Orange software. The two practical lectures of processing in Orange and ArcGIS Pro software are shown to the teachers and students of geoinformatics community as examples of machine learning tasks. They are cluster analyses carried out with the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise method, first for the location of cafes in Olomouc town and the second example concerns finding similar European towns based on their land use arrangement, using the neural network and following hierarchical clustering. Both examples could provide inspiration for the geoinformatics community to adopt Orange data mining software.

关键词： clustering data mining lecturing visual notation visual programming language

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visual programming in Cyber Range Training to Improve Skill Development 16th

Visual Programming in Cyber Range Training to Improve Skill ...

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16th IFIP WG 11.12 International Symposium on Human Aspects of Information Security and Assurance (HAISA)

作者： Glas, Magdalena Vielberth, Manfred Reittinger, Tobias Bohn, Fabian Pernul, Gunther Univ Regensburg Univ Str 31 D-93053 Regensburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031121722;9783031121715

Cyber range training is a promising approach to address the shortage of skilled cybersecurity experts in organizations worldwide. Seeking to make the training of those experts as efficacious and efficient as possible, we investigate the potential of visual programming languages (VPLs) for training in cyber ranges. For this matter, we integrate the VPL Blockly into an existing cyber range concept. To evaluate its effect on the learning process of the trainees we conducted a user study with an experimental group using the VPL and a control group using textual programming. The evaluation results demonstrated a positive impact of the VPL on the trainees' learning experience. The trainees in the VPL group achieved equally good learning outcomes as those in the control group but rated the subjective workload as lower and perceived the training as more interesting.

关键词： visual programming language Cyber range training Security operations center Experiential learning

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Computational BIM tool for automated LEED certification process

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ENERGY AND BUILDINGS 2023年第1期292卷

作者： Dubljevic, Sanja Tepavcevic, Bojan Markoski, Branko Andelkovic, Aleksandar S. Univ Novi Sad Fac Tech Sci Dept Architecture & Urban Planning Novi Sad Serbia Univ Novi Sad Fac Tech Sci Dept Comp & Control Engn Novi Sad Serbia Univ Novi Sad Fac Tech Sci Dept Energy & Proc Engn Novi Sad Serbia

Building information modeling (BIM) and sustainable building certification integration have been the focus of several studies in recent years, aiming to create a simpler and more effective building certification process. This paper describes a novel computational tool for architects and engineers, considering that the certification process takes place in a work environment that is familiar to them. The goal is to present a method for developing a computational tool that will automate the process of verifying the achievement of certain Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) credits using visual programming in a BIM environment. In this way, de-signers can have an insight into the achievement of certain LEED credits at any phase during the design process. Considering the complexity of the digital parameterization of LEED credits, this method includes the achieve-ment of three credits listed in the Material and Resources chapter of the LEED for Building Design and Con-struction protocol. Apart from similar research, the presented tool enables visibility of real-time LEED credits achievement at every moment of the design, from the building concept development to the final stage. The presented method creates space for the elaboration on the other LEED credits, as well as research in the area of applicability to other green rating certification programs and evaluation of existing building stock.

关键词： Building information modeling LEED visual programming language Computational BIM

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BIM-Based Automated Code Compliance Checking System in Malaysian Fire Safety Regulations: A User-Friendly Approach

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BUILDINGS 2023年第6期13卷 1404页

作者： Ismail, Aimi Sara Ali, Kherun Nita Iahad, Noorminshah A. Kassem, Mukhtar A. Al-Ashwal, Najib Taher Univ Teknol Malaysia Fac Built Environm & Surveying Dept Quant Surveying Skudai 81310 Johor Malaysia Univ Teknol Malaysia Fac Management Dept Informat Syst Skudai 81310 Johor Malaysia Univ Teknol Malaysia Fac Built Environm & Surveying Dept Architecture Skudai 81310 Johor Malaysia

Developing automated code compliance checking systems is becoming increasingly complex-to the extent of challenging the implementation of these systems. This paper addresses the need to develop an automated system that prioritises user accessibility. Accordingly, the study aims to develop a system through a semi-automated rule translation process and the utilisation of BIM models in native file format. A total of 256 fire safety clauses in Malaysian regulations were translated through logic-based approaches (classification technique, decomposition through semantic mark-up method, and interview method), which further assisted in identifying the necessary BIM properties. A visual programming language was then utilised to demonstrate the proof-of-concept prototype. The classification technique and semantic mark-up method were established and structured in this study by developing a framework and flowchart to provide specific guidelines for formalizing the clauses. The semi-automated translation process encouraged the participation of relevant regulatory experts and provided more user accessibility compared to existing studies. This study also offered more practicality for designers to employ the system by utilizing native BIM model data representation. High mean scores ranging from 4.09 to 4.96 were obtained for the validation process, which affirmed the feasibility of the BIM-based Automated System for Malaysian Code Compliance Checking (BIMSMACC) to assist designers.

关键词： building information modelling compliance checking semantics knowledge representation visual programming language

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Investigating the Role of Educational Robotics in Formal Mathematics Education: The Case of Geometry for 15-Year-Old Students 1

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16th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL)

作者： Brender, Jerome El-Hamamsy, Laila Bruno, Barbara Chessel-Lazzarotto, Frederique Zufferey, Jessica Dehler Mondada, Francesco Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL Ctr LEARN Ecublens Switzerland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL Mobots Grp Ecublens Switzerland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL CHILI Lab Ecublens Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9783030864361

ISBN: (纸本)9783030864361;9783030864354

Research has shown that Educational Robotics (ER) enhances student performance, interest, engagement and collaboration. However, until now, the adoption of robotics in formal education has remained relatively scarce. Among other causes, this is due to the difficulty of determining the alignment of educational robotic learning activities with the learning outcomes envisioned by the curriculum, as well as their integration with traditional, non-robotics learning activities that are well established in teachers' practices. This work investigates the integration of ER into formal mathematics education, through a quasi-experimental study employing the Thymio robot and Scratch programming to teach geometry to two classes of 15-year-old students, for a total of 26 participants. Three research questions were addressed: (1) Should an ER-based theoretical lecture precede, succeed or replace a traditional theoretical lecture? (2) What is the students' perception of and engagement in the ER-based lecture and exercises? (3) Do the findings differ according to students' prior appreciation of mathematics? The results suggest that ER activities are as valid as traditional ones in helping students grasp the relevant theoretical concepts. Robotics activities seem particularly beneficial during exercise sessions: students freely chose to do exercises that included the robot, rated them as significantly more interesting and useful than their traditional counterparts, and expressed their interest in introducing ER in other mathematics lectures. Finally, results were generally consistent between the students that like and did not like mathematics, suggesting the use of robotics as a means to broaden the number of students engaged in the discipline.

关键词： Educational Robotics Mathematics Formal education Secondary school curriculum visual programming language

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Effect of Scratch on computational thinking skills of Chinese primary school students

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION 2021年第4期8卷 505-525页

作者： Jiang, Bo Li, Zhixuan East China Normal Univ Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Digital Educ Equipment Dept Educ Informat Technol 3663 North Zhongshan Rd Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Technol Coll Educ Sci & Technol Hangzhou Peoples R China

This study aimed to analyze the effects of Scratch language learning on the computational thinking skills (creativity, algorithmic thinking, cooperativity, critical thinking, and problem solving) of primary school students. We conducted an experiment with 336 Chinese primary students studying in fifth grade. At the beginning of the experiment, all students were required to complete the Computational Thinking Scale (CTS) to measure their CT skills. During the 5 weeks of lesson learning, all students were taught with the same instruction strategy and curriculum. Finally, they appeared for the CTS test again. The research findings indicate that there was a significant difference in the skills of creativity, cooperativity, and critical thinking. However, in this study, Scratch learning did not cause any significant differences in the problem-solving and algorithmic thinking skills of primary school students. Moreover, in both tests, while the girls scored lower than the boys in most skills, they were at the same significance level in most cases. Finally, we suggest providing students with more meaningful programming problems to practice and encourage teachers to combine Scratch with other subjects, such as mathematics and robotic programming.

关键词： Computational thinking evaluation Computational thinking education Scratch visual programming language

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Automatic Assessment of programming Solutions for Educational Robots Lego Mindstorms EV3 1

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11th International Conference on Robotics in Education (RiE)

作者： Puskar, Liljana Krzic, Ana Sovic Univ Zagreb Fac Elect Engn & Comp Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9783030674113

ISBN: (纸本)9783030674106;9783030674113

In this paper we present a method for automatic assessment of the correctness of a solution for a task solved in the visual programming language for Lego Mindstorms EV3. The first step in the proposed method is to translate the solution into its textual representation using image pattern matching and optical character recognition. The second step is to grade a textual representation of the solution. The method is tested on 20 students and all solutions are correctly translated into their textual presentations. Since some of the solutions given by the students were incorrect, deeper analysis about the grading is given.

关键词： Template matching Image processing analysis visual programming language Lego mindstorms EV3

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