In this paper a new way to set the maximum weight in the weighting algorithm of UTC based on the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions is presented. The idea is to impend several clocks (H-masers) reaching the maximum weight ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665497183
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665497183
In this paper a new way to set the maximum weight in the weighting algorithm of UTC based on the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions is presented. The idea is to impend several clocks (H-masers) reaching the maximum weight if they are not good enough. This is due to the current way to fix the maximum weight and to the normalization process applied. The final scope is the improvement of long-term stability of UTC.
Background Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disease that can cause severe and irreversible brain damage without treatment. Methods Here we developed a non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) technique based on hapl...
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Background Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disease that can cause severe and irreversible brain damage without treatment. Methods Here we developed a non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) technique based on haplotypes via paired-end molecular tags and weighting algorithm and applied it to the NIPD of PKU to evaluate its accuracy and feasibility in the early pregnancy. A custom-designed hybridization probes containing regions in phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene and its 1 Mb flanking region were used for target sequencing on genomic and maternal plasma DNA (7-13 weeks of gestation) to construct the parental haplotypes and the proband's haplotype. Fetal haplotype was then inferred combined with the parental haplotypes and the proband's haplotype. The presence of haplotypes linked to both the maternal and paternal mutant alleles indicated affected fetuses. The fetal genotypes were further validated by invasive prenatal diagnosis in a blinded fashion. Results This technique has been successfully applied in twenty-one cases. Six fetuses were diagnosed as patients carrying both of the mutated haplotypes inherited from their parents. Eleven fetuses were carriers of one heterozygous PAH variants, six of which were paternal and five of which were maternal. Four fetuses were absence of pathogenic alleles. All results were consistent with the prenatal diagnosis through amniotic fluid. Conclusions The results showed that our new technique applied to the genotyping of fetuses with high risk for PKU achieves an accurate detection at an early stage of pregnancy with low fetal fraction in cell free DNA.
The goal of this work is the improvement of the long-term stability of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). To achieve this purpose a comprehensive analysis of the atomic clocks participating in the calculation of UTC is...
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The goal of this work is the improvement of the long-term stability of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). To achieve this purpose a comprehensive analysis of the atomic clocks participating in the calculation of UTC is presented. We focus our analysis on the hydrogen masers, the only clocks reaching the maximum weight in UTC. We observed that the present weighting algorithm fails to assign the maximum weight to H-masers with the best stability (predictability) only and too many clocks reach the maximum weight. To improve the process, we present a new way to generalize the maximum weight in the weighting algorithm of UTC based on the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (K-K-T) conditions. The method succeeds in improving the longterm stability of UTC.
Introduction Shengmai San, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used to treat coronary heart diseases and myocardial infarction. The complex composition and complicated mechanism of the Shengmai prepa...
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Introduction Shengmai San, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used to treat coronary heart diseases and myocardial infarction. The complex composition and complicated mechanism of the Shengmai preparations bring a significant challenge in the development of a suitable quality control method. Objectives This work aims to establish a chromatographic fingerprinting method and propose a weighting algorithm for application in fingerprint similarity analysis to ensure consistent quality of the Shengmai capsule. Methodology A chromatographic fingerprint method was established using tandem UV/charged aerosol detection (CAD) for Shengmai capsule quality control. After method verification, the developed method was applied to analyze 15 batches of the samples. Then a weighting algorithm of the fingerprint peak was proposed and used for the fingerprint similarity analysis. Results An HPLC-UV/CAD fingerprint method was successfully developed for the Shengmai capsules. Chromatographic conditions of the HPLC-UV/CAD method were optimized with a definitive screening design, and the optimized ranges of operating parameters were obtained with a Monte Carlo simulation method. The combined use of the proposed weighting algorithm and similarity analysis on fingerprint data improves the sensitivity of distinguishing batch-to-batch quality differences. Conclusion The developed HPLC-UV/CAD fingerprint method is robust, reliable, and efficient. The proposed weighting algorithm combined with similarity analysis is promising and meaningful for the quality consistency assessment of HPLC-UV/CAD fingerprints.
Classification and identification is of great significance in biological sequence analysis research, which can help to solve the problems of functional identification, medical diagnosis, epidemic monitoring and so on....
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Literature indicates that many efforts have been conducted toward the development of forecasting models with a high degree of accuracy. Combining different models is known as a powerful alternative to access more reli...
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Literature indicates that many efforts have been conducted toward the development of forecasting models with a high degree of accuracy. Combining different models is known as a powerful alternative to access more reliable and more accurate results than single models. Given the great importance of hybridization theory, various hybrid models have been proposed in the literature of time series forecasting. Series hybrid approaches are one of the most well study and the most widely used hybridization models, in which components are sequentially applied. However, according to the modeling essence of this hybrid structure, the performance of the series hybrid models is directly dependent on the order of using components and modeling sequence. Besides, selecting the best modeling order that can yield the best performance in all situations is a problematic theoretical as well as practical task. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to eliminate the drawback of series models, regarding modeling order selection using a parallel hybridization schema, which is addressed for the first time. The core principle of the proposed parallel hybridization of series (PHOS) models is to improve the series hybrid model's forecasting accuracy by integrating two hybrid structures in contrast to existing hybrid models, which emphasize only the combination of individual models. The proposed model decomposes the original time series into two linear and nonlinear parts and uses the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) models to model underlying patterns, incorporating two series models including ARIMA-MLP and MLP-ARIMA. Finally, the series models are integrated as components of the parallel hybridization scheme. Moreover, an ordinary least square algorithm is developed to determine the optimal weights of these two components. Three benchmark data sets, including the closing of the DAX index, the closing of the Nikkei 225 index (N225),
With the increasing use of DGs (distributed generators) in the power system, the distribution network is becoming more and more complicated. The rapid change of DG output power and the diversity of DG location make th...
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With the increasing use of DGs (distributed generators) in the power system, the distribution network is becoming more and more complicated. The rapid change of DG output power and the diversity of DG location make the computing calculation of relay protection difficult, bringing severe challenges to the current protection based on single-end electrical volume. Therefore, double-end-based protection is a good choice in view of the DG uncertainty and the network complexity. However, the power frequency offset after fault and the uncertainty of DG fault current result in uncertainty in the frequency-domain characteristics, which can also negatively affect the differential protection. In view of this, a new differential protection method based on the weighted Minkowski distance algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, the Minkowski distance algorithm is used to describe the similarity of both currents considering the uncertainty in the frequency-domain characteristics. Second, each current similarity including the phase current, the positive current, and the negative current is calculated separately to increase the protection sensitivity. Through the weighted algorithm distribution, the weight is assigned. Furthermore, a high-performance protection mechanism is designed to improve the protection sensitivity. This method is suitable for the active distribution network with different penetration rates of DGs and different types of DGs. The simulations show that the proposed method has good feasibility and high superiority.
This paper presented an efficient multiband FSK signals with direct sequence spread spectrum for maintaining covertness and performance. In aspect to covertness, direct sequence spread spectrum method, which multiplyi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728164762
This paper presented an efficient multiband FSK signals with direct sequence spread spectrum for maintaining covertness and performance. In aspect to covertness, direct sequence spread spectrum method, which multiplying by PN codes whose rate is much higher than that of data sequence, is employed. In aspect to performance, we applied multiband, turbo equalization, and weighting algorithm. Underwater acoustic communication experiments were conducted in the lake. In the lake experimental results, we confirmed that the performance was improved as the number of bands and chips are increased. Furthermore, the performance of multiband was improved when the proposed weighting algorithm was applied.
The latest changes in the algorithms for the formation of the International Atomic Time (TAI) scale are reported in terms of estimating the weights of the clocks involved in the formation of TAI. The characteristics o...
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The latest changes in the algorithms for the formation of the International Atomic Time (TAI) scale are reported in terms of estimating the weights of the clocks involved in the formation of TAI. The characteristics of the long-term instability of new-generation hydrogen frequency and time standards from the State Primary Standard of time and frequency units and national time scale, GET 1-2018, were studied. The study was based on the results of processing the frequency difference with respect to TAI. It is confirmed that presently, new-generation hydrogen standards of frequency and time show significantly less long-term instability compared with similar and other quantum frequency standards.
Operation performance of a flexible joint manipulator is measured by the accurate tracking of angular position, which is especially significant for the plant with largely uncertain parameters. In this paper, a weighte...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728176871
Operation performance of a flexible joint manipulator is measured by the accurate tracking of angular position, which is especially significant for the plant with largely uncertain parameters. In this paper, a weighted multiple model adaptive dynamic surface control (WMMADSC) method is proposed for a flexible-joint manipulator with largely jumping parameters. The present WMMADSC approximates the largely uncertain parameters with a finite local constant parameter models. And, a local dynamic surface controller is designed to deal with the angle tracking problem, based on the local flexible joint manipulator model with constant parameters. Furthermore, a weighting algorithm is designed for fusing the local controllers to generate global control law. Simulation example and comparisons are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed WMMADSC method.
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