错颌畸形是世界卫生组织认定的三大口腔疾病之一,并且在我国的发病率逐年上升。作为一种常见的口腔健康问题,错颌畸形不仅会影响患者的颌面功能和面部外观,还可能对其心理健康产生长期且深远的影响。正因为如此,越来越多的患者选择通过正畸治疗来改善这一问题。在正畸治疗过程中,施加的机械力会引发牙周组织中的炎症级联反应,进而促使牙周膜和牙槽骨的改建与重塑,从而实现牙齿的移动。免疫系统在这一复杂的生物学过程中发挥着关键作用,是正畸牙移动和牙槽骨改建中不可缺少的调节因子。细胞焦亡作为一种炎性程序性细胞死亡方式,特点是通过炎症小体的激活以及Caspase-1或Caspase-4/5的参与,其在维持组织稳态和激活炎症反应中起着至关重要的作用。然而关于细胞焦亡与正畸牙移动的具体联系尚未被完全阐明,因此,文章对细胞焦亡与正畸牙移动之间的关系及潜在机制进行综述,以期为相关基础研究和临床实践提供具有指导意义的参考,并为患者带来更为精确和有效的干预手段。Malocclusion is one of the three major oral diseases recognized by the World Health Organization, and the incidence rate is increasing yearly in China. As a common oral health problem, malocclusion not only affects the patient’s facial function and appearance but may also have long-term and profound effects on their mental health. Because of this, more and more patients are choosing orthodontic treatment to improve this problem. During orthodontic treatment, the applied mechanical force can trigger an inflammatory cascade reaction in the periodontal tissue, promoting the remodeling and reconstruction of the periodontal membrane and alveolar bone, thereby achieving tooth movement. The immune system plays a crucial role in this complex biological process and is an indispensable regulatory factor in orthodontic tooth movement and alveolar bone remodeling. Cellular pyroptosis, as an inflammatory programmed cell death mode, is characterized by the activation of inflammasomes and the involvement of Caspase-1 or Caspase-4/5, playing a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and activating inflammatory responses. However, the specific relationship between cell necrosis and orthodontic tooth movement has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this article reviews the relationship and potential mechanisms between cell necrosis and orthodontic tooth movement to provide guiding references for related basic research and clinical practice and to bring more precise and effective intervention methods for patients.
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