Petri nets have been closely related to multiagent systems (MAS) and used as a tool for modeling agents and their behavior for specification, verification, and validation purposes. Various models of agent activities, ...
Traditional thermoset composites were difficult to remodel and recycle after curing, which significantly increased the cost of composites. In response to these difficulties, the booming development of bond exchange re...
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We propose a deep Q-network (DQN)-based user scheduling scheme aimed at low network-wide age of information (AoI) in a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) uplink status update system. In our system, end users can ha...
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Intelligent devices often produce time series data that suffer from significant data quality issues. While the utilization of data dependency in error detection and data repair has been somewhat beneficial, it remains...
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Pressure-induced structural transformation of known compounds has become an effective routine to obtain new materials. The sulfur motifs that are present in compounds have a considerable effect on their crystal struct...
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Pressure-induced structural transformation of known compounds has become an effective routine to obtain new materials. The sulfur motifs that are present in compounds have a considerable effect on their crystal structures and electronic properties. Here, we focus on exploring the evolution of S motifs in the BaS3 compound under high pressure. A novel P3121−BaS3, consisting of an equivalent V-shape S3 unit and quasi-hexagon Ba ring, is identified through the combination of first-principles swarm-intelligence search and phonon softening calculations. The bond angle in the S3 unit decreases, accompanied by pressure-induced structural phase transition. P3121−BaS3 shows a semiconducting character, mainly originating from the contribution of S 3p−electron states. Along with the newly proposed BaS3 structure, the temperature effect on stability is estimated using the temperature-dependent effective potential method. For another S-rich BaS2, the disappearance of the S2 unit induced by pressure (>150GPa) is mainly responsible for structural instability.
The Fabry–Perot(FP) resonant cavity is widely used in laser and spectroscopic measurements due to its unique interference transfer function(ITF). In the ideal case of parallel incident light, the ITF of the FP resona...
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The Fabry–Perot(FP) resonant cavity is widely used in laser and spectroscopic measurements due to its unique interference transfer function(ITF). In the ideal case of parallel incident light, the ITF of the FP resonant cavity can be expressed by the Airy function. However, in reality, it is difficult to achieve perfect parallelism with collimated beams. In this article, a theoretical model is established for non-parallel light incidence, which assumes that the non-parallel incident light is a cone-shaped beam, and the cone angle is used to quantify the non-parallelism of the beam. The transmittance function of the FP resonant cavity under non-parallel light incidence is derived. The accuracy of the model is experimentally verified. Based on this model, the effects of divergence angle, tilt angle and FP cavity parameters(reflectivity, cavity length)on the ITF are studied. The reasons for the decrease in peak value, broadening and asymmetry of the interference peak under non-parallel light incidence are explained. It is suggested that a fine balance between the interference peak and the collimation effect of the incident light should be considered in the design and application of FP resonant cavities, especially for tilted applications such as angle-scanned spectroscopy. The research results of this article have certain significance for the design and application of FP resonant cavities.
The unbalanced distribution of category labels and the correlation between these labels tend to cause over-learning issues in deep learning models. In fine-grained sentiment analysis datasets, the correlation between ...
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It is quite common that a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) admits multiple distinct solutions and each solution may carry a unique physical meaning. One typical approach for finding multiple solutions is ...
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Modern vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to cyber-attacks due to the lack of encryption and authentication in the Controller Area Network, which coordinates communication between Electronic Control Units. This stud...
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Modern vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to cyber-attacks due to the lack of encryption and authentication in the Controller Area Network, which coordinates communication between Electronic Control Units. This study investigates the use of Recurrent Neural Networks to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Intrusion Detection Systems in vehicular networks. Focusing on sequential CAN data, we compare the performance of different RNN architectures, including SimpleRNN, LSTM, and GRU, in detecting common attack types like Denial-of-Service, Fuzzing, Replay, and Malfunction. Sixty-three RNN models were tested with various hyperparameters, including optimizers and learning rates. Our findings indicate that GRU models achieve superior detection performance, particularly in resource-constrained environments, offering near 99% accuracy in identifying cyber threats. The study also explores the implications of six different hardware choices, revealing that devices like Jetson and Raspberry Pi, when paired with optimal hyperparameters, can deliver efficient real-time IDS performance at a lower cost. These results contribute to the ongoing effort to secure vehicular communication systems and highlight the importance of balancing accuracy, resource usage, and system cost in IDS deployment.
Runtime verification (RV) is an effective lightweight formal method for improving software’s reliability at runtime. There exist no RV tools specially designed for C++ programs. This paper introduces the first one, i...
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