Universal Mobile Telecommunications System networks will be based on the Internet Protocol (IP) to provide an efficient support for applications with bursty traffic characteristics, e.g. WWW browsers. Such IP-based ne...
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Universal Mobile Telecommunications System networks will be based on the Internet Protocol (IP) to provide an efficient support for applications with bursty traffic characteristics, e.g. WWW browsers. Such IP-based networks must include Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms to enable the usage of real-time applications, such as mobile telephony. Different network services are necessary to satisfy the different needs of applications in wireless mobile networks. To overcome this problem, this article proposes the Mobile Differentiated Services QoS Model (MoDiQ), a framework to provide QoS in wireless mobile networks. MoDiQ is based on the Differentiated Services approach, developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force for wireline networks. An important part of MoDiQ is the MoDiQ service model, which comprises separate services for mobile terminals and non-mobile terminals. This can enhance the efficiency of resource utilization in scenarios where not all mobile terminals are actually moving. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The association between pulse pressure and long-term mortality was investigated among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study population included 5055 AC...
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The association between pulse pressure and long-term mortality was investigated among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study population included 5055 ACS patients in the Department of Cardiology of Beijing Friendship Hospital who were enrolled from January 2013 to July 2019. The median duration of follow-up was 24 months. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the relationships between PP on inpatient admission and mortalities. Non-linear associations were studied by restricted cubic splines. Considering the heart function, the analyses were performed in the whole cohort and the LVEF > = 0.5 cohort separately. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the different diagnosis (the myocardial infarction subgroup and the unstable angina pectoris subgroup). When PP was used as categorical variable, the high PP group (>= 61 mm Hg) significantly increased the risk of death compared with the intermediate PP group (50-60 mm Hg) in the both cohorts. When PP was used as continuous variable, a U-shape relationship were found between PP and mortalities in the whole cohort (p (for nonlinearity) = .005 and .003, respectively), with reference PP level of 55 mm Hg. However, this U-shape relationship disappeared in the LVEF > 0.5 cohort (p (for nonlinearity) = .111 and .117, respectively). The similar results were obtained in MI subgroup. From this study, the U-shape relationships between PP level and all-cause and cardiac mortalities were found in ACS patients who underwent PCI. The U-shape relationships disappeared in the LVEF > 0.5 cohort. The reference PP level was 55 mm Hg.
Upon his inauguration in 1861, Abraham Lincoln faced the greatest threat to the survival of the nation that has confronted any incoming president. His victory had been made possible by the splintering of the oppositio...
Upon his inauguration in 1861, Abraham Lincoln faced the greatest threat to the survival of the nation that has confronted any incoming president. His victory had been made possible by the splintering of the opposition in a four-way race; the total popular vote for his foes substantially exceeded his *** M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 232 As he assumed office, he was confronted with the secession of several states and the possibility that others would soon follow, and southern forces had seized U.S. arsenals and laid siege to Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. Within weeks, his decision to send relief to the fort had provoked the first shots of the war and additional states joined the Confederacy. Lincoln and his fellow Republican leaders now confronted the daunting task of restoring the Union.
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