The overall metastatic potential of surgically treated early esophageal adenocarcinoma has not been studied in detail. This paper therefore assessed lymph node metastases at surgery, loco regional and distant metastas...
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The overall metastatic potential of surgically treated early esophageal adenocarcinoma has not been studied in detail. This paper therefore assessed lymph node metastases at surgery, loco regional and distant metastases, in order to assess the metastatic potential of early esophageal adenocarcinoma. Two hundred and seventeen patients (53 T1a, 164 T1b;median follow-ups 87 and 75 months, 187 males) diagnosed with early esophageal adenocarcinoma and treated with esophagectomy in our tertiary center's database between July 2000 and December 2015 were included. All metastatic events were retrospectively analyzed, their topographic distribution was assessed, and the overall metastatic rate was calculated. Lymph node metastases occurred in 39 patients (18%) and 29 (13.4%) developed recurrences. Lymph node metastases were absent in m1 and m2 tumors and rare in m3 (1/18), m4 (5/21), and sm1 (4/42), but more frequent in sm2 (11/44) and sm3 tumors (18/78). Locoregional recurrences were exceedingly rare in m3 (2/18), m4 (1/21), sm1 (1/42), and sm2 (2/44), but frequent in sm3 (12/78). In contrast, distant metastases were more frequent with 2/18 in m3, 1/21 in m4, 4/42 in sm1, 4/44 in sm2, and 13/78 in sm3. Overall metastatic rates of 11.9% in sm1 (submucosal layer divided into equal thirds), 27.3% in sm2, and 32.1% in sm3 tumors were calculated. This first report of the metastatic potential of early esophageal adenocarcinoma provides a meticulous assessment of the overall metastatic risk. Metastatic events pose a relevant risk in surgically treated patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma with distant metastases being more frequent than locoregional recurrences.
In 3.8 N HCl at 100°, pregnanediol is selectively destroyed in the presence of pregnanolone, and urinary pregnanolone hydrolysis is complete within 5 min. A rapid gas chromatographic assay for pregnanolone in pre...
In 3.8 N HCl at 100°, pregnanediol is selectively destroyed in the presence of pregnanolone, and urinary pregnanolone hydrolysis is complete within 5 min. A rapid gas chromatographic assay for pregnanolone in pregnancy urine is described. As many as 30 samples may be prepared for injection in 1.5 hr. Four women in the third trimester of normal pregnancy excreted 10-29 mg. of pregnanolone per 24 hr.
Tat'iana Ivanovna! The theses of the Central Committee of the CPSU propose to us completely new conditions of life. They place a large obligation on each of us. However, people who have grown up in a period when s...
Tat'iana Ivanovna! The theses of the Central Committee of the CPSU propose to us completely new conditions of life. They place a large obligation on each of us. However, people who have grown up in a period when social activism was not encouraged, and initiative was punishable, remain paralyzed as if a "circle of prohibition" separating the "acceptable" from the "unacceptable" was drawn around each of us, invisible to others but very imperative.
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