Charge-Transfer-Efficiency (CTE) is a parameter that is associated with the optical performance and radiometric accuracy of a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD). While modern CCD's are typically quoted as having CTE>0...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0819427411
Charge-Transfer-Efficiency (CTE) is a parameter that is associated with the optical performance and radiometric accuracy of a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD). While modern CCD's are typically quoted as having CTE>0.99999, we show that a) this efficiency can be degraded by exposure to energetic protons and b) the measured efficiency, at least in the case of irradiated devices, is dependent on the size of the signal being transferred. A comparison of two techniques of CTE measurement is presented, with emphasis on an Fe-55 X-ray charge-generation and collection technique tailored especially for use with linear CCD's. While our technique follows the same general X-ray method widely used to characterize area CCD's, its implementation, including the processing of the resulting experimental data, is somewhat novel. The X-ray technique requires no special device circuitry or equipment and, in our configuration, may be used on virtually any linear or bilinear CCD;the same general technique is used on area arrays. It is shown that the technique is appropriate for characterizing small-signal CTE with or without a high background. It is also shown that the electrical injection CTE, while requiring the injection circuitry to be designed and built-in to the CCD structure, is more appropriate for large-signal CTE measurement. Data are presented showing experimental pre-and post-irradiation CTE measured as a function of signal level and background level for a two-phase linear CCD. Additionally, it is shown that in our tests, the CTE degraded even at very small accelerated doses (<10 kRad(Si) of ionizing proton dose), but further degradation was at least partly compensated by an enhanced background due to increasing dark currents.
Federated learning (FL) is the promising privacy-preserve approach to continually update the central machine learning (ML) model (e.g., object detectors in edge servers) by aggregating the gradients obtained from loca...
详细信息
The use of mechanical vibrations to relieve residual stresses in engineering components is increasing in use. Several vibratory conditioning systems are commercially available. When the technique was considered for tr...
详细信息
This paper proposes an economic optimal scheduling method of based on the stackelberg game theory to address the energy trading of distribution network (DN) with multi-microgrid ( MMG ) . First, the optimal scheduling...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665422482
This paper proposes an economic optimal scheduling method of based on the stackelberg game theory to address the energy trading of distribution network (DN) with multi-microgrid ( MMG ) . First, the optimal scheduling process is designed as a one-leader N-follower stackelberg game. The equilibrium solution of the game is solved by the mixed integer programming (MIP) and differential evolution (DE) algorithms. The distribution network operator (DNO) is taken as the leader, and the microgrid operator (MGO) is regarded as a follower, aiming at the minimum operation cost. DNO encourages MGO to participate in energy trading by setting internal transaction price;MGO makes energy storage and load decision in response to internal transaction price, and then affects the price strategy of DNO through the net load. Moreover, the power flow of distribution network is constrained to ensure its safe and stable operation. Finally, an example analysis of the improved IEEE 33-bus system is designed to proof the effectiveness of the presented energy. trading method.
The study of the effects of the molecular weight distribution on the mechanical properties of concentrated polymer solutions and melts is one of the central concerns of macromolecular rheology. This knowledge will hel...
详细信息
The study of the effects of the molecular weight distribution on the mechanical properties of concentrated polymer solutions and melts is one of the central concerns of macromolecular rheology. This knowledge will help in optimizing the choices of material formulations, matching them to the particular processing and product needs. The present work is a theoretical attempt to explain on a molecular basis the viscoelastic behavior of a blend composed of two polymers of identical chemistry but different molecular weights. The basic finding of this work is that, in blends of entangled monodisperse polymers, the stress relaxation moduli are subject to a square root additivity rule. This was derived by comparing the population densities and rates of dissolution and renewal of the various types of entanglements in the composite network with the corresponding properties in the unmixed state. The result of the theory is consistent, in principle, with a series of reported quadratic blending laws for the relaxation spectrum.
In this study, a simple and practical method has been developed to correct the response of spectroscopy for measurement errors arising from the background electric noise and the stray light from the environment and in...
详细信息
In this paper conception of combustion process monitoring system is proposed. The system based on pressure sensor mounted on one of combustion engine cylinders. Due to cost reduction and additionally allowing analysis...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467355902;9781467355889
In this paper conception of combustion process monitoring system is proposed. The system based on pressure sensor mounted on one of combustion engine cylinders. Due to cost reduction and additionally allowing analysis of operating cycles of each others engine cylinders an introduction of high resolution rotational sensor is proposed. In this paper a conception and initial research of Combustion Process Onboard Monitoring System (CPOMS) on CI engine are presented. Application of algorithm which merged information included at cylinder pressure signal with analysis of rotational speed course during operating cycles of each cylinders allow to control the engine fuel feeding system, air supply, EGR operating and others. The additional information about combustion process in each cylinder allow to control of engine operating conditions and as a result improvement of engine operating indexes. In this paper is also proposed modification of system elements as rotational/positioning sensors proposed.
PEV coordination introduces a significant challenge in demand response programs (DR). In one hand, there is a serious challenge due to uncertainty and dynamics associated with PEVs to be devoted to DR. In another hand...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467380409
PEV coordination introduces a significant challenge in demand response programs (DR). In one hand, there is a serious challenge due to uncertainty and dynamics associated with PEVs to be devoted to DR. In another hand, with proper charging and communication infrastructure, PEVs may play a dual role in smart grids;they may eventually either turn into Interruptible Loads (IL) when plugged in for charging or act as grid-able storage responding to the pricing commands. This paper aims to provide an approach that realises DR using aggregated PEVs in parking lots. This approach includes a real-time interaction between the aggregator and the PEV owner, where the aggregator suggests different offers and, accordingly, the owner responds based on his/her preference. A multi-stage optimization solution is proposed here to accommodate properly different offers to the PEV owners, while it is benefiting from an ANN-based forecast model to incorporate the effect of the future PEV arrivals in the decision actions. Implementation results on the 38-bus test system indicate how effectively the proposed solution could help future smart parking lots in DR contribution.
The traditional university role of performing fundamental research leaves a large gap between the laboratory stage "proof of principle" and the generation of economic benefits in the commercial marketplace. ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780816910670
The traditional university role of performing fundamental research leaves a large gap between the laboratory stage "proof of principle" and the generation of economic benefits in the commercial marketplace. Research funding for universities from the federal government tends to focus on basic research. Companies usually prefer to license technology with most of the risk taken out. This risk reduction normally occurs via the development component of the research and development process. Unfortunately, the cost of D is often 10 plus times the cost of R, which puts this effort out of reach of most universities. In addition, the opportunity for publication and contribution to advancing the state of the art science (the usual focus of university research) is limited as the development activity concentrates on such issues as economic tradeoffs, catalyst life, feedstock impurities, manufacturing processes, corrosion and other materials of construction issues, product specifications, and mechanical hardware problems. To bridge this gap, Illinois Institute of Technology has put in place a series of practices to address the problems that stand in the way of the university's ability to pursue commercial success for new technology. Our primary practice is to establish startup companies by the inventing faculty members who continue to guide the technology development process into the commercial marketplace. Additional contributors are undergraduate students working on these more-practical problems, mutually beneficial strategic alliances with existing commercial companies, incubator facilities with their ancillary networking potential, senior executives and alumni acting as friends of the university in mentoring entrepreneurial faculty, the technology transfer function of the university, the university's marketing and communications professionals, and alignment of startup company interests with the university's goals via equity investment in the company. This presentation describ
暂无评论