Mathematical Logic Quarterly publishes original contributions on mathematical logic and foundations of mathematics and related areas, such as general logic, model theory, recursion theory, set theory, proof theory and...
Mathematical Logic Quarterly publishes original contributions on mathematical logic and foundations of mathematics and related areas, such as general logic, model theory, recursion theory, set theory, proof theory and constructive mathematics, algebraic logic, nonstandard models, and logical aspects of theoretical computer science.
The application of Patent and Trade Secret law frequently involves the Electronic Design Engineer, both in his capacity as technical designer and in market research activities. An understanding of patents and trade se...
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The application of Patent and Trade Secret law frequently involves the Electronic Design Engineer, both in his capacity as technical designer and in market research activities. An understanding of patents and trade secret protection is useful to enable the Designer to properly employ the advantages associated with those aspects of intellectual property protection. Frequently the Engineer must confer with in-house or outside legal counsel in the pre- paration of a patent application, or for guidance in the protection of his or his employer's proprietary informa- tion. In many situations, Designers frequently do not appreciate the protection available for significant advancements over the "prior art", or the capabilities of the patent classification system to provide current engineering and marketing information. This paper will provide guidance to the Design Engineer for more fully utilizing the protection and benefits afforded by the patent system and trade secret law.
Research summary: Although the middle management literature has identified various bridging roles performed by middle managers in the market environment, it is relatively vague about whether and how they manage the po...
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Research summary: Although the middle management literature has identified various bridging roles performed by middle managers in the market environment, it is relatively vague about whether and how they manage the political environment to achieve market-related goals. In an inductive field study of four large state-owned enterprises based in mainland Communist China, operational middle managers were found to take an active role in dealing with political actors to achieve market efficiency in their local environments, performing two distinct bridging strategies. Our field study suggests that middle managers are better equipped than their bosses (top executives) as well as their subordinates (frontline employees) to perform the bridging function between competing market and political imperatives in various local settings. Managerial summary: For firms that operate in diverse geographies, it is challenging for a handful of top executives to deal with numerous political actors. This burden could be shared with operational middle managers, who play a bridging role by drawing on their operational knowledge and local networks. Our research on middle managers who work under the scrutiny of political actors in China found that they bridge market and political ideology by conveying common features that seem legitimate to both. They also bridge market goals and political actors with personal affect. Compared to top executives and frontline employees, middle managers have unique advantages in performing these bridging functions. Firms can enhance their strategy execution ability by training middle managers in dealing with political actors in diverse contexts. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
UPtAl exhibits a ferromagnetic ordering of U magnetic moments at temperatures below T-C = 42.5 K. The magnetic-ordering transition is accompanied by an anomaly in the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity. ...
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UPtAl exhibits a ferromagnetic ordering of U magnetic moments at temperatures below T-C = 42.5 K. The magnetic-ordering transition is accompanied by an anomaly in the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity. This allows us to determine the value of Curie temperature from p vs. T data that can be measured at very high pressures, at which reliable magnetization measurements are difficult. We report on resistivity measurements performed on an UPtAl single crystal under hydrostatic pressures p less than or equal to 8 GPa. It was observed that the initial increase of T-C with p becomes gradually reduced for p > 2 GPa until the maximum T-C value of approximate to 48 K is reached between 4 and 6 GPa that is followed by a progressively developing downturn of the T-C(p) curve. The latter result is attributed to the approaching collapse of the U 5f-moment ferromagnetism. Low-temperature resistivity data point to a rapidly reduced magnetic anisotropy at highest pressures.
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