Egg quality is a phenotype of, and can profoundly influence fitness in, both mother and offspring. Carotenoid pigments are hydrocarbons that are hypothesised to be limiting to animals because of their depletion during...
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Egg quality is a phenotype of, and can profoundly influence fitness in, both mother and offspring. Carotenoid pigments are hydrocarbons that are hypothesised to be limiting to animals because of their depletion during antioxidant activity and immune function. Carotenoids are responsible for the pigmentation of egg yolk, but the causes and consequences of variation in maternal investment of carotenoids into eggs has not been studied in wild birds. Female lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus were supplementally fed with carotenoids, or a
An approach to the mobile robot path planning among heterogeneous regions is presented. Proper weight factors are associated with the regions of different kind (rock, sand, grass) to characterize the amount of the dif...
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The paper addresses the issue of IT worker turnover. It reports on a survey IT workers who graduated over the past decade (1990-1999) from Saint Louis University. Research questions target IT worker demographics, such...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781581133639
The paper addresses the issue of IT worker turnover. It reports on a survey IT workers who graduated over the past decade (1990-1999) from Saint Louis University. Research questions target IT worker demographics, such as age and gender and job satisfaction, salary, job tasks, and opportunity factors for both prior and current employment. Results included ranking of different factors comprising job satisfaction (satisfaction with financial compensation was high and with fringe benefits was low), observation of significant differences between several satisfaction measures but no task measures between prior and current job, and observation of few correlations between specific tasks performed and salary levels.
The course timetabling problem is a well known constraint optimization problem which has been of interest to researchers as well as practitioners. Due to the NP-hard nature of the problem, the traditional exact approa...
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The course timetabling problem is a well known constraint optimization problem which has been of interest to researchers as well as practitioners. Due to the NP-hard nature of the problem, the traditional exact approaches might fail to find a solution even for a given instance. Hyper-heuristics which search the space of heuristics for high quality solutions are alternative methods that have been increasingly used in solving such problems. In this study, a curriculum based course timetabling problem at Yeditepe University is described. An improvement oriented heuristic selection strategy combined with a simulated annealing move acceptance as a hyper-heuristic utilizing a set of low level constraint oriented neighbourhood heuristics is investigated for solving this problem. The proposed hyper-heuristic was initially developed to handle a variety of problems in a particular domain with different properties considering the nature of the low level heuristics. On the other hand, a goal of hyper-heuristic development is to build methods which are general. Hence, the proposed hyper-heuristic is applied to six other problem domains and its performance is compared to different state-of-the-art hyper-heuristics to test its level of generality. The empirical results show that the proposed method is sufficiently general and powerful.
Designing new technology for older people requires the ability to translate specific requirements from a heterogeneous group of people into a suitable application framework. Currently technology for the home is limite...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0415398185
Designing new technology for older people requires the ability to translate specific requirements from a heterogeneous group of people into a suitable application framework. Currently technology for the home is limited to sensor based systems that are supposed to support activities of daily living but omit emotional needs from the design requirements (Down 2005). This paper describes the work of the authors in developing an informal communication tablet computer based tool that is designed to decrease isolation and loneliness. We describe the person-centred design process of the technology and overview the process of developing CATCH a checklist to support the design of assistive technology systems. The paper proposes the link between the design process and the use of a dependability assessment as an aid to translating design requirements into real world designs.
Today the Internet is the primary medium for deploying new real time services such as gaming and distributed online live music concerts. Different network services have different expectations from the routing infrastr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781605581811
Today the Internet is the primary medium for deploying new real time services such as gaming and distributed online live music concerts. Different network services have different expectations from the routing infrastructure. Some network services require conventional routing paths optimized for low latency or low congestion. However, real-time interactive services such as online gaming and distributed live music performance require more than just low latency. They require Latency EQualization (LEQ) among participating users. Although LEQ could be performed by the client or the server, end-system techniques for estimating network conditions are often inaccurate. Instead, we argue that the network should provide a LEQ service. We propose a LEQ routing architecture that can leverage programmable hub nodes. By deploying a few flexible, well-placed programmable nodes to redirect traffic, we can flexibly support both latency equalized and low latency routing services simultaneously. For LEQ routing, programmable hub nodes provide services such as application packet identification, application level packet processing and latency equalized routing paths. Extensive simulation studies on provider network topologies show that using just a few programmable nodes we can achieve an 80% improvement in LEQ over the conventional architecture that uses shortest path routing. Copyright 2008 ACM.
Cyber fraud causes significant losses to the economy and has become a lucrative form of illicit business by leveraging the Internet as a communication channel. Criminals in the cyber fraud underground economy use onli...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509038657
Cyber fraud causes significant losses to the economy and has become a lucrative form of illicit business by leveraging the Internet as a communication channel. Criminals in the cyber fraud underground economy use online underground marketplaces and other forms of social media to exchange information and trade stolen information. Analyzing these underground marketplaces is challenging due to the variability of both members and marketplaces. To understand more about the underground economy and the actors in it, we propose a topic-based social network analysis and clustering approach to identify the key members and their roles in the cyber fraud value chain. An experiment is conducted using data from several online underground marketplaces in China. Results suggest that the proposed method can aid in identifying key members in terms of roles, influence levels, and their social relationships.
We propose a new member joining algorithm for wireless mobile video dispatching applications, based on a Distributed Key Generation scheme using bivariate polynomials, that is efficient in computation, simple and flex...
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Cross-border breaks barriers in expertise,skill,culture and other respects and integrates irrelevant elements with *** this paper,it analyzes methods of advertisement design cross-border integration transformation(cro...
Cross-border breaks barriers in expertise,skill,culture and other respects and integrates irrelevant elements with *** this paper,it analyzes methods of advertisement design cross-border integration transformation(cross-technology sound & photo-electricity mixed experiential integration spreading,cross-art freehand sketching,sculpture,installation art integration spreading,integration spreading crossing game and software field,integration spreading crossing film industry field) and summarizes the cross-border advertising creative patterns of manifestation(cross-space and cross-technology advertising representation methods) starting from the causes of crossover design(various arts intermingling,changing technological updating and commercial design demand).
Gradient inversion (GI) attacks present a threat to the privacy of clients in federated learning (FL) by aiming to enable reconstruction of the clients' data from communicated model updates. A number of such techn...
Gradient inversion (GI) attacks present a threat to the privacy of clients in federated learning (FL) by aiming to enable reconstruction of the clients' data from communicated model updates. A number of such techniques attempts to accelerate data recovery by first reconstructing labels of the samples used in local training. However, existing label extraction methods make strong assumptions that typically do not hold in realistic FL settings. In this paper we present a novel label recovery scheme, Recovering Labels from Local Updates (RLU), which provides near-perfect accuracy when attacking untrained (most vulnerable) models. More significantly, RLU achieves high performance even in realistic real-world settings where the clients in an FL system run multiple local epochs, train on heterogeneous data, and deploy various optimizers to minimize different objective functions. Specifically, RLU estimates labels by solving a least-square problem that emerges from the analysis of the correlation between labels of the data points used in a training round and the resulting update of the output layer. The experimental results on several datasets, architectures, and data heterogeneity scenarios demonstrate that the proposed method consistently outperforms existing baselines, and helps improve quality of the reconstructed images in GI attacks in terms of both PSNR and LPIPS.
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