This paper presents a systematic analysis of the impact of socioeconomic status （SES） on overweight and obesity in China and investigates how and why the SES-obesity gradient differs with age. Using a longitudinal s...
详细信息
This paper presents a systematic analysis of the impact of socioeconomic status （SES） on overweight and obesity in China and investigates how and why the SES-obesity gradient differs with age. Using a longitudinal sample drawn from the China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS）, I find that body mass index （BMI） is positively associated with SES during early childhood but becomes inversely related to childhood SES as children age into adulthood. Estimation results show that children from low SES families are less likely to be overweight or obese than their median and high SES peers. The results from subsamples stratified by living area reveal that the SES gaps of obesity are generally larger for urban residents than rural residents. Females are significantly less likely to be overweight than males in China. The SES during childhood has independent effects after controlling for respondents＇ contemporaneous SES. The relationship between the contemporaneous SES of a male adult and his chance of being overweight or obese is significantly positive, while the contemporaneous SES of a female adult is negatively related to her chance of being overweight or obese.
The problem of heave-induced-pressure fluctuation during drilling is considered. The surge/swab pressures created by the vertical motion of the pipe can excite resonances that may amplify the magnitude of pressure osc...
详细信息
The problem of heave-induced-pressure fluctuation during drilling is considered. The surge/swab pressures created by the vertical motion of the pipe can excite resonances that may amplify the magnitude of pressure oscillations by a factor of 10. The locations of the resonant frequencies depend on the topside-choke opening and can hence be avoided. By use of a model of the full coupled dynamics, it is shown that the elastic pipe and the mud-in-pipe can also exhibit resonant behavior significantly affecting the downhole pressure. Techniques to avoid resonances are discussed.
The photovoltaic microinverter based two-switch DC-DC flyback converters has been investi-gated [1,2]. The microinverter is characterized by the high performance and simple design. The ef-fect of CL and LCL low pass f...
详细信息
Very few studies of peer victimization have been conducted in low-resource countries, where cultural and contextual differences are likely to influence the dynamics of these experiences in ways that may reduce the gen...
详细信息
Very few studies of peer victimization have been conducted in low-resource countries, where cultural and contextual differences are likely to influence the dynamics of these experiences in ways that may reduce the generalizability of findings of the larger body of literature. Most studies in these settings are also subject to multiple design limitations that restrict our ability to understand the dynamics of peer victimization experiences. Person-centered approaches such as latent class analysis are an improvement on more traditional modeling approaches as they allow exploration of patterns of victimization experiences. The goal of the current study was to examine associations between patterns of peer victimization in adolescence and both concurrent and longitudinal psychosocial adjustment. Data were included for 3536 youth (49.6% female) in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam to examine associations between adolescent peer victimization and indicators of poor psychosocial adjustment. Previously derived latent classes of peer victimization based on youth self-report of past-year exposure to nine forms of peer victimization at age 15 were used to predict self-reported emotional difficulties, self-rated health, and subjective wellbeing at ages 15 and 19 while controlling for sex. The findings show that at age 15, victimization was associated with higher emotional difficulties in all settings, lower subjective wellbeing in all except Peru, and lower self-rated health in Vietnam. At follow-up, all associations had attenuated and were largely non-significant. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results. These findings illustrate the multifinality of outcomes of peer victimization, suggesting social and developmental influences for potential pathways of resilience that hold promise for informing interventions and supports in both low and high resource settings.
暂无评论