Among the various existing energy storage technologies, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors have been considered as two important solutions to the increasing needs for high-performance electrochemic...
Among the various existing energy storage technologies, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors have been considered as two important solutions to the increasing needs for high-performance electrochemical power sources. N ovel centrifugally-spun nanofibers with functional properties can dramatically alter surface reaction rates and charge transport throughout the batteries and supercapacitors,
Three distinct Ge nanoparticle-filled carbon nanofiber (CNF) composites, [email protected] , [email protected] @CNF and [email protected] @C, were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and elect...
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Three distinct Ge nanoparticle-filled carbon nanofiber (CNF) composites, [email protected] , [email protected] @CNF and [email protected] @C, were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and electrospinning techniques. These different structures were prepared by: 1) dispersing Ge nanoparticles into CNF, 2) adding carbon-coated Ge nanoparticles ( [email protected] ) prepared by CVD into CNF, and 3) depositing CVD carbon onto [email protected] , respectively. Compared with the [email protected] composite, both [email protected] @CNF and [email protected] @C had additional amorphous carbon coating fabricated by the CVD method. The three composites were studied as binder-free electrodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Raw Ge anode materials suffered from serious volume changes and nanoparticle aggregations during cycling, resulting in pulverization and capacity loss. However, carbon nanofiber and the supplemental CVD carbon layer in these nanofiber composites could help preserve the structural integrity of the alloy anode materials during repeated cycling, and consequently, lead to improved cycling stability. In this work, it was found that among the three composites, [email protected] @C exhibited the highest capacity retention of 89% at the 50th cycle due to the structurally-durable thorn-like Ge morphology and the additional CVD carbon confinement. [email protected] and [email protected] @CNF encountered rapid capacity loss because large Ge clusters were formed and jeopardized the integrity of the electrode structure during cycling.
Geotextiles feature reinforcement, drainage, filtration, separation, and act as a moisture barrier, and are commonly used in civil and geotechnical engineering applications. Using nonwoven fabrics as geotextiles has b...
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Geotextiles feature reinforcement, drainage, filtration, separation, and act as a moisture barrier, and are commonly used in civil and geotechnical engineering applications. Using nonwoven fabrics as geotextiles has become a recent trend;therefore, this study combines crimped polyester (PET) fibers, recycled Kevlar unidirectional selvage fibers, and low-melting-point PET (LPET) fiber to make PET/Kevlar/LPET nonwoven geotextiles, the mechanical properties of which are then examined. The test results show that the tensile strength and tearing strength of the PET/Kevlar/LPET nonwoven geotextiles increases as a result of an increasing needle-punch rate from 150 punches/min to 200 punches/min. The mechanical properties along the cross machine direciton (CD) of the nonwoven geotextiles is greater than that along the machine direction (MD). When the needle-punching rate exceeds 200 punches/min, the mechanical properties of the nonwoven geotextiles slightly decrease.
Geotextile has been commonly used in civil and geotechnical engineering applications, and the majority of geotextiles is made of nonwoven fabrics. Therefore, this study combines crimped polyester (PET) fibers, recycle...
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Co3O4/carbon composite nanofibers were prepared by a combination of electrospinning and carbonization methods using 10 - 30 nm and 30 - 50 nm Co3O4 nanoparticles, respectively, and their potential use as the anode mat...
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Composite nanofibrous mats consisting of poly( L-lactideco-ε-caprolactone)( PLCL) and collagen type I( COL) were fabricated by electrospinning,and ten times simulated body fluid(10SBF) were employed to mineralize nan...
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Composite nanofibrous mats consisting of poly( L-lactideco-ε-caprolactone)( PLCL) and collagen type I( COL) were fabricated by electrospinning,and ten times simulated body fluid(10SBF) were employed to mineralize nanofibrous mats. Ballshaped hydroxyapatite( HA) was deposited on the surface of nanofibrous mats in 1. 5 h at room temperature. Human fetal osteoblasts( hFob) were seeded to investigate their proliferation and differentiation on mineralized composite nanofibrous mats. The results showed that hFob grew well on mineralized composite nanofibrous mats and alkaline phosphatase( ALP) activity of hFob on mineralized composite nanofibrous mats at 14 d was much higher than that on untreated nanofibrous mats. Moreover,the expression of osteocalcin of cells on mineralized composite nanofibrous mats was also much higher than those on untreated nanofibrous mats at 7 d and 14 d. This mineralized composite nanofibrous mats may have a great potential for bone tissue engineering.
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