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Silk fibroin membranes from solvent-crystallized silk fibroin/gelatin blends: Effects of blend and solvent composition

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Materials science and engineering C 2007年第3期27卷 426-431页

作者： Gil, Eun S. Frankowski, David J. Hudson, Samuel M. Spontak, Richard J. Fiber and Polymer Science Program North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 United States

Protein membranes have been prepared by mixing gelatin (G) with Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) and using aqueous methanol (MeOH) to induce SF crystallization. Amorphous blends of these polymers appear quasi-homogeneous, as discerned from visual observation, electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Upon subsequent exposure to aqueous MeOH, SF undergoes a conformational change from random-coil to β-sheet. This transformation occurs in pure SF, as well as in each of the G/SF blends, as discerned from FTIR spectroscopy and thermal calorimetry. The influence of MeOH-induced SF crystallization on structure and property development has been measured as functions of blend and solvent composition. By preserving a support scaffold above the G helix-to-coil transition temperature, the formation of crystalline SF networks in G/SF blends can be used to stabilize G-based hydrogels or generate SF membranes for biomaterial, pharmaceutical and gas-separation purposes. The present study not only examines the properties of G/SF blends before and after SF crystallization, but also establishes the foundation for future research into thermally-responsive G/SF bioconjugates. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Membranes

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Inside Front Cover: polymer–Silicon Flexible Structures for Fast Chemical Vapor Detection (Adv. Mater. 23/2007)

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Advanced Materials 2007年第23期19卷

作者： S. Singamaneni M. E. McConney M. C. LeMieux H. Jiang J. O. Enlow T. J. Bunning R. R. Naik V. V. Tsukruk School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Polymer Textile and Fiber Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 (USA) Chemical Engineering Department Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 (USA) Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright‐Patterson Air Force Base OH 45433

Vladimir Tsukruk and co‐workers demonstrate on p. 4248 the application of plasma‐polymerized organic/silicon bimaterial structures as highly sensitive and agile chemical sensors. Owing to their unique nanoscale topology, highly crosslinked structure, and precise choice of the precursors, polymer films coated on microcantilevers exhibited record sensitivity to water vapor and other volatile organic compounds in conjunction with fast response times. The inside cover image by Brian Schrank shows the bimaterial structure deflection in the presence of a stimuli vapor.

关键词： Coatings Plasma polymerization polymer composites Sensors Silicon

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Inside Front Cover: Field‐Driven Biofunctionalization of polymer fiber Surfaces during Electrospinning (Adv. Mater. 1/2007)

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Advanced Materials 2007年第1期19卷

作者： X.‐Y. Sun R. Shankar H. G. Börner T. K. Ghosh R. J. Spontak Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Fiber & Polymer Science Program North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Colloid Chemistry Max‐Planck Institute of Colloids & Interfaces 14424 Potsdam Germany

Surface‐biofunctionalized synthetic polymer fibers composed of a fiber‐forming host polymer and an oligopeptide conjugate can be prepared from electrospinning, report Spontak and co‐workers on p. 87. The conjugate consists of a polypeptide segment and a polymer block that is compatible with the host polymer. Because the more polarizable peptide segment migrates to the surface during electrospinning, peptide surface‐enrichment is achieved in a single step without further treatment.

关键词： Biocompatible materials Block copolymers Electrospinning fibers Peptides Poly(ethylene oxide) Surface functionalization

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Effects of saponification and molecular weight of PVA on electrospinning

Effects of saponification and molecular weight of PVA on ele...

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International fiber Conference 2006: Extreme and Aesthetic textiles, IFC 2006

作者： Kim, Mi Nae Kim, Hyungsup Cho, Kwang-Soo Yeum, Jeong Hyun Department of Textile Engineering Konkuk University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Polymer Science College of Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea Republic of Department of Natural Fiber Science College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea Republic of

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IEEE EMBS technical committee on wearable biomedical sensors & systems: position paper

IEEE EMBS technical committee on wearable biomedical sensors...

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International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)

作者： P. Bonato D. De Rossi A. Dittmar S. Jayaraman I. Korhonen A. Lymberis E. Me Adams Y.-T. Zhang The Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology Cambridge USA Department of PM&R Harvard Medical School Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Boston USA Interdepartmental Research Center Enrico Piaggio Pisa Italy LPM CNRS/INSA Lyon France School of Polymer Textile & Fiber Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA Ubiquitous Computing VTT Information Technology Tampere Finland Information Society Directorate-General European Commission Brussels Belgium Joint Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong China

The IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS) established a technical committee on wearable biomedical sensors and systems (WBSS) in 2004. This position paper presents the view of the technical committee on the field of wearable sensors and systems in medicine, and shortly introduces its plan of action. The purpose of the position paper is to raise awareness of the initiatives of EMBS concerning WBSS and to encourage collaborations in order to advance research and development in the field of WBSS

关键词： Biosensors Biomedical monitoring Wearable sensors Medical services textile technology Biomedical engineering Humans Medical diagnostic imaging Research and development Actuators

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Functionalized three-arm poly(ε-caprolactone) maleic acid microspheres for controlled protein release

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American Journal of Drug Delivery 2005年第4期3卷 253-267页

作者： Wu, Da-Qing Zhang, Xiang-Zheng Chu, Chih-Chang Fiber and Polymer Science Program Department of Textiles and Apparel and Biomedical Engineering Program Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Fiber and Polymer Science Program Department of Textiles and Apparel and Biomedical Engineering Program Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853-4401 United States

Introduction: The objective of this work was to fabricate a novel class of protein carriers from double-bond-functionalized multiarm poly(ε- caprolactone) maleic acid (PGCLM) microspheres and to examine protein sustained-release profiles in vitro over a period of a few months. Methods: The double-emulsion technique was used to formulate terminal functionalized three-arm PGCLM microspheres having three different types of functional groups (-OH, -COOH, and -C = C-), and one of the functional groups (>C = < bonds) was used to formulate surface-crosslinked microspheres (NPGCLM). Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as a model protein for examining its release profiles from PGCLM and NPGCLM microspheres in 0.1M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C. These microspheres were also characterized in terms of their morphology, size distribution, and stability. Results: The mean size of fabricated microspheres ranged from 21.9μm to 51.1μm. An OVA protein was successfully encapsulated into these biodegradable PGCLM microspheres with loading efficiency ranging from 34.2% to 46% (w/w), depending on the ratio of PGCLM to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stabilizer. Depending on the polymer to PVA stabilizer ratio, the cumulative OVA release % (w/w) in 0.1M PBS at 37°C ranged from 30% to 40% within 50 days. We further demonstrated the availability of the functional >C = C< bonds on the surface of PGCLM microspheres, which we expect could be used for either covalent binding of bioactive agents or imparting different chemical characteristics onto the surface of the microspheres for broadening of their applications. Discussion/Conclusion: A method for the preparation of biodegradable microspheres from water/oil emulsion of multiarm and functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone) [PGCL, PGCLM, and NPGCLM] was reported as a potential means of developing injectable therapeutic formulations for drugs. The most unique aspect of these biodegradable microspheres is the availability of two functional groups (>C = C< bon

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Nondestructive damage sensitivity and reinforcing effect of functionalized carbon nanotube and nanofiber/epoxy composites using electro-micromechanical techniques

Nondestructive damage sensitivity and reinforcing effect of ...

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2004 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Park, Joung-Man Jung, Jin-Kyu Kim, Sung-Ju Kim, Dae-Sik Lee, Jae-Rock Kim, Tae-Wook Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Engineering Research Institute Gyeongsang National University Jinju 660-701 Korea Republic of Fiber Science Program Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853-4401 United States Advanced Materials Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Yusong Taejeon 305-600 Korea Republic of Composite Materials Group Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Chanwon 641-010 Korea Republic of

Nondestructive damage sensing and load transfer mechanisms of thermal treated carbon nanotube (CNT) and nanofiber (CNF)/epoxy composites were investigated using electromicromechanical technique. Carbon black (CB) was used only for the comparison. Electromicromechanical techniques were applied to obtain the fiber damage and stress transferring effect of carbon nanocomposites with their contents. Thermal treatment and temperature affected on apparent modulus and electrical properties on nanocomposites due to enhanced inherent properties of each CNMs. Coefficient of variation (COV) of volumetric electrical resistance can be used to obtain the dispersion degree indirectly for various CNMs. Dispersion and surface modification are very important parameters to obtain improved mechanical and electrical properties of CNMs for multifunctional applications. Further optimized functionalization and dispersion conditions will be investigated for the following work continuously. © 2005 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Pore structure analysis of swollen dextran-methacrylate hydrogels by SEM and mercury intrusion porosimetry

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Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 2002年第3期53卷

作者： Sin–hee Kim Chih–Chang Chu Fiber and Polymer Science Program Department of Textiles & Apparel and Biomedical Engineering Program Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853

The objectives of this study were to visually examine the surface and interior morphology of a new class of biodegradable hydrogels based on dextran-methacrylate and to quantify the porous structure of these hydrogels in swollen state. Two techniques (scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry) were used to analyze pore structure of dextran-methacrylate hydrogels as a function of the degree of methacrylate substitution. SEM was used to observe 3-dimensional network structure of cryofixed and fractured swollen dextran-methacrylate hydrogels. Image analysis of the SEM data revealed different pore shapes and sizes, depending on the degree of substitution and the location within the hydrogel. A higher methacrylate-substituted dextran hydrogel showed a compact and rigid pore structure, while a lower substituted hydrogel showed a delicate and fragile pore structure. Mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis of the pore structure of dextran-methacrylate hydrogels provided useful and more reliable quantitative data of pore characteristics, such as total pore area, average pore diameter, their distribution, and bulk density. The total pore area and average pore diameter of swollen dextran-methacrylate hydrogels decreased with an increase in degree of methacrylate substitution, while bulk density increased with an increase in degree of substitution. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 53: 258–266, 2000

关键词： dextran-methacrylate hydrogel pore structure scanning electron microscopy mercury intrusion porosimetry morphology image analysis

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Interchange reaction kinetics and sequence distribution of liquid crystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate- co -2(3)-chloro-1,4-phenylene terephthalate)

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fibers and polymers 2001年第2期2卷 86-91页

作者： Do Mook Rhee Wan Shik Ha Ji Ho Youk Dong Il Yoo Samyang Group Central R & D Center Taejeon Korea Department of Textile Engineering Chonnam National University Kwangju Korea Department of Fiber and Polymer Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Department of Chemistry University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham USA

Liquid crystalline (LC) poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-2(3)-chloro-1,4-phenylene terephthalate) [copoly(ET/CPT)] was prepared using poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) as a flexible spacer, terephthalic acid (TPA), and chlorohydroquinone diacetate (CHQDA). All reactions involved in the copolymerization were investigated using some model compounds: TPA was used for acidolysis, diphenylethyl terephthalate (DPET) for interchange reaction between PET chains, and di-o-chlorophenyl terephthalate (DOCT) and di-m-chlorophenyl terephthalate (DMCT) for interchange reaction between PET and rigid rodlike segments. Activation energies obtained for the acidolysis of PET with TPA and for interchange reaction of PET with DPET, DOCT, and DMCT were 19.8 kcal/mole, 26.5 kcal/mole, 60.2 kcal/mole, and 45.9 kcal/mole, respectively. This result supports that the copolymerization proceeds through the acidolysis of PET with TPA first and subsequent polycondensation between carboxyl end group and CHQDA or acetyl end group, which is formed from the reaction of CHQDA and TPA. Also, it was found that ester-interchange reaction can be influenced by the steric hindrance. Copoly(ET/CPT)s obtained had ethylene acetate end groups formed from acetic acid and hydroxy ethylene end groups and showed almost the random sequence distribution for all compositions.

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Processing and characterization of liquid crystalline copoly-(ethylene terephthalate-co-2(3)-chloro-1,4-phenyleneterephthalate)/polycarbonate blends

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fibers and polymers 2001年第3期2卷 129-134页

作者： Rhee, Do Mook Ha, Wan Shik Youk, Ji Ho Yoo, Dong Il Department of Textile Engineering Chonnam National University Puk-ku Kwangju 500-757 300 Yongbong-dong South Korea Samyang Group Central R and D Center Yusung-ku Taejeon 305-348 63-2 Hwaam-dong South Korea Department of Fiber and Polymer Science Seoul National University Kwanak-ku Seoul 151-742 Shinlim-dong South Korea Department of Chemistry University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294-1240 United States

Liquid crystalline (LC) poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-2(3)-chloro-1,4- phenylene terephthalate) (50/50, mole/ mole) [PECPT] was synthesized and blended with polycarbonate (PC). LC properties of PECPT and thermal, morphological, and rheological behaviors of the PECPT/PC blend were studied. PECPT showed the nematic LC phase and much longer relaxation time than poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The apparent melt viscosity of PECPT was one third of that of PET. An, abrupt torque change was observed during the blending process due to the orientation of LC domains. For the blends containing 10-30 wt% of PECPT, the complex viscosities were higher than that of PC. As PECPT content increases above 40 wt%, shear thinning was observed. The lowest complex viscosity was obtained at 40-50 wt%. Transesterification of PECPT and PC was confirmed by the selective chemical degradation of carbonate groups in PC.

关键词： Blend Morphology PC PECPT Rheological property Transesterification

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